Medicine Rvw - Shiv Flashcards
What lung Volumes/Capacities cannot be measured with spirometry?
TLC, FRC, RV
Total lung capacity, functional reserve capacity and residual volume
Percentage of FEV1/FVC ratio for obstructive lung disease?
< 70%
Percentage FEV1/FVC ratio for restrictive lung disease.
Normal or increased > or = 70%
Understand and be able to draw out this slide.
Draw out slide
Understand this slide very well
Understand and draw out slide.
List the type of face mask in order of least oxygen delivery to most oxygen deliver that can be used.
- nasal cannula
- simple mask
- partial rebreathing mask
- non-rebreathing mask
What is the most common pathogen associated with acute pharyngitis?
Group A β-hemolytic Streptococcus (S. pyogenes)
Besides pharyngitis what other conditions is S. pyogenes commonly associated with?
Acute Glomerulonephritis & Acute rheumatic fever.
Etiology of acute viral pharyngitis.
Respiratory viruses i.e. Rhinoviruses and Coronaviruses, Influenza virus, etc
What is the etiology of acute bacterial pharyngitis?
typically caused by S. pyogenes
What age group is prone to acquiring acute bacterial pharyngitis?
children age 5-15 years
Is acute pharyngitis due to respiratory viruses severe?
not severe
C/F of acute pharyngitis caused by influenza virus.
fever, myalgias, headache, cough, tender cervical adenopathy and pharyngeal exudates.
Pharyngoconjunctival fever is due to infection by what types of organisms?
adenovirus infection
C/F of acute pharyngitis caused by Group A strep.
presents with pharyngeal pain, fever, nausea, vomiting.
hyperemic pharyngeal membrane with tonsillar hypertrophy and exudate
Strains that generate erythrogenic toxin can also produce Scarlet Fever characterized by an erythematous rash and strawberry tongue.
What C/F is acute pharyngitis from coxsackie virus(herpangina) associated with?
small vesicles that develop on the soft palate and uvula and then rupture to form shallow white ulcers.
Distinguish what is causing what is seen in these photos.
Left: streptococcal pharyngitis
Middle: viral pharyngitis
Right: acute pharyngitis (streptococcal pharyngitis)
What is the primary goal of running diagnostic test when assessing if an individual has pharyngitis?
to separate acute streptococcal pharyngitis from other etiologies.
How would you treat pharyngitis caused by Group A B-hemolytic strep?
Either Penicillin, Amoxicillin or erythromycin
How to treat viral pharyngitis?
entirely symptom based treatment except in severe cases of influenza where we use amantadine, oseltamivir, zanamivir
What are some complications of acute streptococcal pharyngitis?
Rheumatic fever is the best-known complication,
Acute glomerulonephritis
Peritonsillar abscess (QUINSY)
What is croup?
is a syndrome that includes laryngotracheitis, laryngeotracheobronchitis (seal like bark), and laryngotracheobronchopneumonitis.
What population is croup common in?
more common in boys than in girls, usually occurs between 6-36 months of age
What is the etiology of croup?
Parainfluenza virus types 1 to 3 (type 1 is most common), Influenza A and B viruses