Interstitial Lung Disease and ARDS - 1 Flashcards
Normally alveolar septae are very thin and composed of what?
single layer of pneumocytes
capillary and
small amount of connective tissue (mainly elastic fibers)
How do ILD’s affect alveolar interstitium?
add cells and fibrous tissue to the interstitium.
This:
Thickens and stiffens the septae and
Restricts stretching,
What is reduced lung compliance? (or rather what does it cause)
decreased filling of lungs upon inspiration
What does increased elasticity mean for the lungs? (upon expiration)
increased recoil of lungs on expiration
Restrictive lung diseases are characterized by what?
reduced lung compliance
What is the meaning of FEV 1?
forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) is the maximum amount of air that the subject can forcibly expel during the first second following maximal inhalation
What does FVC mean?
Forced vital capacity (FVC).
This is the amount of air exhaled forcefully and quickly after inhaling as much as you can.
Are obstructive diseases characterized by increased or decreased FEV 1/FVC ratios?
decreased
What are some C/F of interstitial lung disease?
- Stiff lung > increased effort of breathing > DYSPNEA
- DRY COUGH
- Ventilation perfusion abnormalities > Hypoxia > pulmonary hypertension > cor pulmonale >Respiratory failure
- All lung volumes and capacities are decreased
- Increased FEV 1sec / FVC ratio
What is the pathology of one with interstitial lung disease?
Diffuse fibrosis of alveolar interstitium
Upon completing a chest radiograph what would one find of a person with interstitial lung disease?
diffuse infiltrate (ground glass shadows)
What is this picture depicting?
Interstitial fibrosis
What is this picture depicting?
ground glass opacities (interstitial fibrosis)
What are the two classifications of restrictive lung disease?
acute: ARDS
chronic: Based on etiology
Classified into 2 major groups:
ILD with known cause
ILD with unknown cause
Chronic ILD comes from what exposure in general?
occupational and environmental exposures
Drug or treatment related