Medicine In Austere Environment 🏔️🌊

Question 1

Body heat is generated by-

Answer 1

basal metabolic activity
muscle movement

Question 2

Body temperature is controlled in the-

Answer 2

Hypothalamus

Question 3

Normal set point of core temperature-

Answer 3

37+/- 0.5 degree Celsius

Question 4

Mechanisms of heat loss-

Answer 4

Conduction
Convection
Evaporated
Radiation

Question 5

Major form of heat loss in dry cold-

Answer 5

Radiation

Question 6

Early adaptive cold response-

Answer 6

Shivering

Question 7

Shivering stops at which temperature?

Answer 7

Between 29 and 31C

Question 8

Metabolic effect of cold environment-

Answer 8

Hyperglycemia
Hypokalemia

Question 9

Hypokalemia occurs below which temperature?

Answer 9

Below 25C

Question 10

For every __C reduction in core temp,there is ___% _____ in oxygen consumption

Answer 10

1C reduction = 6% drop in oxygen consumption

Question 11

Heart rate is reduced by 50% at-

Answer 11

28C

Question 12

VF can be induced below-

Answer 12

30C

Question 13

____% rise in HCT below ____ C

Answer 13

150% rise below 25C

Question 14

Unconsciousness occurs at which core temperature?

Answer 14

around 28-30C

Question 15

absence of brain activity is seen below-

Answer 15

20C

Question 16

hypothermia is core temp below

Answer 16

35C

Question 17

Gold standard measurement of temperature

Answer 17

Rectal measurements

Question 18

best available technique for managing mild hypothermia

Answer 18

Hibler’s method

Question 19

Best warming strategies-

Answer 19

ECMO
CPB

Question 20

Markers of futility in managing cardiac arrest in hypothermia-

Answer 20

1)Lethal injury
2)Prolonged asphyxia
3)Incompressible thorax
4)Frozen abdomen
5)Potassium > 12 mmol/L

Question 21

Frostbite most commonly affects which bodyparts?

Answer 21

Hands and feet

Question 22

J waves at the junction of QRS complex and ST segment is found in-

Answer 22

Severe Hypothermia