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FMGE > Medicine > Flashcards

Medicine Flashcards

1
Q

A combination of involuntary hand movements and
cognitive issues points to

A

Huntington chorea.

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1
Q

Which wave is absent in Cardiac tamponade

A

Y descent

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2
Q

motor aphasia is seen in which lesion

A

Broca’s lesion

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3
Q

not making sense but can speak fluently

A

Fluent aphasia

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4
Q

in scissoring gait, which nerve is affected

A

Obturator nerve, from the lesion to upper MN

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5
Q

What wave is seen in Wolff- Parkinson-white syndrome

A

Broad QRS

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6
Q

Dry eyes and dry mouth indicates to which syndrome

A

Sjrogen Syndrome

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7
Q

Cell of rigin for multiple myeloma

A

Plasma cell
Disease presents with lytic lesions, increased gamma immunoglubulins , Abnormal KFT

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8
Q

Marker for medullary thyroid cancer

A

calcitonin

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9
Q

Smoky urine and dysmorphic RBC

A

Acute Glomerulonephritis

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10
Q

Duke’s criteria is used for

A

Infective endocarditis

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11
Q

Thalamic Dejerine Roussy syndrome occurs due to

A

ischemic stroke damaging the thalamus hence gives a feeling of burning on the contralateral side of the body

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12
Q

Epitaxis, Cola colored urine, granulomatous lesions in the lungs

A

Wegners granulomatosis; cANCA is tested

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13
Q

Normal pT with abnormal pTT and bleeding time with no easy bruising

A

vWF disease

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14
Q

Intermittent proptosis from coughing or valsalva

A

Orbital varices

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15
Q

adrenaline dosage IM for anaphylaxis

A

Injection adrenaline 1M 1:1000 dilution, repeat again if no response, till patient reaches hospital

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16
Q

Giant v wave is seen in in

A

Tricuspid regurgitation

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17
Q

pulses paradoxes and kussmal sign with no mumur

A

Constrictive pericarditis

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18
Q

Pulsus Paradoxus with non pulsatile elevated JVP

A

cardiac tamponade

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19
Q

Pneumonia with negative gram stain and hyponatremia

A

Atypical Pneumonia from Legionella

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20
Q

Post URTI infection , periorbital edema and Anti-DNAase antibody present with RBC in urine

A

PSGN

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21
Q

difficulty standing up with Heliotrope rash

A

Dermatomyositis

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22
Q

treatment for HIV patient with ccryptococcal meningitis

A

Liposomal Amphotericin-B

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23
Q

Necrolytic migratory erythrema with hyperglycemia and depression

A

Glucogonoma

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24
Q

occupational lung disease with ground glass appearance

A

Sillicosis

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25
Q

knee pain with negatively bifringent crystals on polarized microscopy

A

Gout

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26
Q

negative skin tuberculin test and normal CXR in elderly means

A

Cryptic milliary TB

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27
Q

hemoptysis, hematuria and Anti GBM bodies

A

Goodpasture syndrome

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28
Q

Worst headache ever + Nuchal rigidity

A

Subarachnoid hemorrhage ( SAH)

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29
Q

gaisbock syndrome

A

volume depletion from diuretics causing relative increase in RBC

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30
Q

Female on OCP with headache, papilledema and increased ICP

A

Pseudotumor cerebri

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31
Q

Ptosis with diurnal variation of symptoms and relief with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are features of

A

Myasthenia Gravis

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32
Q

preferred managment of Acromegaly

A

long acting octreotide called Lanreotide depot formulation

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33
Q

imaging used to locate parathyroid tumor

A

Tc 99 sestamibi scan

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34
Q

arteritis of the subclavian

A

Takayasu Arteritis

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35
Q

jaundice after unexplained physical stress or drug intake

A

Gilbert syndrome ( autosommal recessive ) UG1A1 gene mutation

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36
Q

Treatment for criggler najjar syndrome

A

Plasmapheresis for Type 1
Phenobarital for type 2
Transplant is curative for Type 1

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37
Q

safer CD4 count for patient with HIV

A

300 cells/mm3

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38
Q

lung infection with CD4 count below 5 indicated with organism

A

Mycobacterium Avium-intracellulare

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39
Q

high volume pulse and diastolic murmur

A

Aortic insufficiency

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40
Q

chest pain at rest with pericardial friction rub

A

Pericarditis

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41
Q

Fever+ splenomegaly+ roth spots

A

Infective endocarditis

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42
Q

most common site of brain hemorrhage

A

Putamen

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43
Q

Distant heart sounds with engorged neck veins points to

A

Cardiac tamponade

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44
Q

management of ventricular fibrillation

A

2 minutes of cpr at 100-120 beats per min.

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45
Q

Persistent chest pain with ST elevation >60 minutes after thrombolysis, what is the management

A

rescue PCI

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46
Q

right sided heart failure due to pulmonary hypertension is called

A

corpulmonale

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47
Q

Waterhammer pulse is seen in what deficiency

A

Vitamin b1 (beri-beri)

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48
Q

Wide fixed s2 is seen in

A

ASD

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49
Q

Narrow split S2 is seen in

A

PDA

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50
Q

absent y descent with prominent x wave indicates

A

Cardiac tamponade

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51
Q

Mconnels sign is seen in

A

Pulmonary embolism

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52
Q

Cavitation at the upper lobe with no fever

A

SCC lung

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53
Q

bulbar palsy results from

A

lesion to the LMN of cranial nerves, pseodobulbar palsy is upper MN

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54
Q

Primary sign in corticobulbar palsy

A

Spastic Tongue ( no protrusion )

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55
Q

Normal CSF sugar value

A

66 % of blood sugar

56
Q

IOC for cerebral edema

A

plasma hydroxy butyrate levels

56
Q

pneumonia with hyponatremia is caused by which organism

A

Legionella

57
Q

Components of child pugh score

A

Encephalopathy, ascites, albumin, Bilirubin and PT

58
Q

par acinar emphysema and cirrhosis

A

Alpha 1 antitrypsin defieciency

58
Q

Screening for M.Myeloma

A

SPEP

59
Q

Tx for M.Myeloma

A

lenalidomide + Dexamethasone

60
Q

Hematuria Protinuria hypertension edema

A

PSGN

61
Q

hemoptysis with hematuria

A

good pasture syndrome

62
Q

proximal muscle weakness with skin involvement

A

dermatomyositis

63
Q
  1. HIV positive patient presents with cryptococcal
    meningitis. Treatment is?
A

LAMB + Flucystosine

64
Q

DOC for invasive aspergillosis

A

Voriconazole

65
Q

Testing for insulinoma

A

C-peptide and blood sugar

66
Q

IOC for pancreatic endocrine tumor

A

PET -CT

67
Q

IOC for crohn’s

A

CT enteroscopy

68
Q

Knee pain with negatively bi fringed crystals

A

Gout

69
Q

Sign of chronic gout

A

MARTEL sign

69
Q

Mass effect and posturing is found in patient , whats the medication ?

A

Mannitol

70
Q

Tennis ball appearance in CT chest

A

Aortic Dissection

71
Q

Ocular signs of M. Gravis

A

Ptosis and Diplopia

72
Q

Causes of pseudotumor cerebri

A

OCP, Vit a Toxicity, sudden Steroid Stoppage

73
Q

a headache that occurs on the side of the head, above the ears

A

temporal headache

74
Q

IOC for M Gravis

A

Single fiber Electro myography

75
Q

TOC for M. Gravis

A

Thymectomy
Steroids
Azathrioprine

76
Q

Confirmatory test for M Gravis

A

Tensilon Test

77
Q

Antibodies present in M Gravis

A

Anti ACH receptor antibody
Anti- Musk
Anti- LipoProtein Receptor - 4

78
Q

Antibody of Lambert Eaton syndrome

A

Anti PIQ antibody

79
Q

Difference of Lambert Eaton from M. Gravis is

A

Weakness starts at the shoulders in LE than the eyes in M.GRavis

80
Q

DOC of Lambert Eaton

A

3,4 Aminopyridines

81
Q

Preferred managment of Acromegaly is

A

Lanreotide Depot formulation

82
Q

X-hands showing Brown tumor is indicative of

A

Hyperparathyroidism

83
Q

IOC for parathyroid adenoma

A

Tc 99 Sestamibi Scan

84
Q

Fiest line management of Hypercalcemia crisis

A

Normal saline

85
Q

DOC for hypercalcemia crisis

A

Ibandronate

86
Q

Headache, Hypertension with Claudication of the ARM

A

Takayasu Arteritis; mostly in the left subclavian artery

87
Q

Commonest hyperbilirubinemia ( unconjugated

A

Gilbert Syndrome ; (-) UDP gluconyl transferase
Dubin johnson - Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemia
Criggler Najjar- Neonatal with Kernicterus

88
Q

TOC for Massive haemoptysis

A

Brochial artery embolization

89
Q

Pleural plaque calcification with bloody pleural effusion is caused by

A

Mesothelioma

90
Q

MC cancer in Asbestos Exposure

A

Adenocarcinoma; Mesothelioma

91
Q

ECG Findings of Pericarditis

A

St elevation in all leads

92
Q

Ecg findings in inferior wall myocardial infarction

A

st elevation in one ii and a V F

93
Q

Example for steroid responsive hypercalcemia

A

Sarcoidosis

93
Q

Lung cancer that causes hypercalcemia

A

Squamous cell carcinoma; PTH- related peptide

94
Q

DOC for bleeding varices

A

IV octreotide

95
Q

DOC for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

A

IV ceftriaxone

96
Q

DOC for hepatorenal syndrome

A

IV albumin plus midodrine

97
Q

TOC for refractory peritonitis

A

Large volume Paracentesis

98
Q

DOC for life threatening hyperkalaemia

A

10% calcium gluconate , but to lower K+ is insulin

99
Q

Test for carcinoid tumor

A

Urinary 5HIAA

100
Q

DOC for HTN in pheochromocytoma

A

Phenoxybenzamine

101
Q

DOC for Absence seizures

A

Sodium Valproate

102
Q

MC type of seixure in kids

A

Febrile seizure

103
Q

MC seizure in Neurocysticercosis is

A

Focal seizures

104
Q

MC seizure in neonates

A

Subtle seizures

105
Q

upper pharyngeal web with dysphagia, anemia, Koilonychia

A

Patterson kelly syndrome

105
Q

t (9:12) is a presentation of

A

CML

106
Q

confirmatory test for CML

A

FISH

107
Q

Screening test for IDA

A

Serum transferrin

108
Q

Confirmatory test for IDA

A

Serum ferritin

109
Q

Anaemia of chromic disease

A

Normocytic normochromic anaemia

110
Q

Investigational choice for Alpha Thalassemia

A

HPLC

111
Q

Which haemoglobin Causes the severity of sickle cell anaemia

A

Absense of HbA and presence of HbS

112
Q

Screening test for Beta Thalassemia

A

NESTROFT

112
Q

Investigation of choice for beta thalassemia

A

HPCL

113
Q

Chromosomes affected in Thalassemia

A

Alpha- Ch16
Beta- Ch11

114
Q

Prothrombine time is indicated by what factors

A

Extrinsic factors - 5,7

115
Q

aPTT is indicated by what factors

A

intrinsic - 8

116
Q

Bleeding time is an indication of

A

Platelet plug formation

117
Q

in Von Willebrand disease what factors are affected

A

Platelet plug or bleeding time
Intrinsic factor 8 or aPTT
Normal PT

118
Q

IOC for vWD

A

Ristocein aggregation test

118
Q

Severity of mitral stenosis is determined by:

A

Diastolic murmur duration

119
Q

DOC for A Fib

A

Esmolol

119
Q

MC arrythmia

A

A Fib

120
Q

Preferred biochemical marker(s) in patients presenting
with myocardial infarction:

A

Trop I and T as early as 3 hrs

121
Q

osbourne waves are seen in which condition

A

Hypothermia

122
Q

Reasons for ST elevation

A

Hypercalcemia
LBBB
Ventricular aneurysm
Trauma
Ischemia
Osbourne waves
Non-exclusive vasospasm

123
Q

IOC for Dysphagia Lusoria

A

CTA- Aberrant left subclavian artery

124
Q

Pseudo Achalasia is caused by

A

Ca Stomach

124
Q

Punched out lesions in the esophagus

A

Herpes simplex

125
Q

Serpiginous ulcers in the esophagus

A

CMV esophagitis

126
Q

Serpiginous ulcers in the ileum

A

Crohn’s disease

127
Q

causes of High Anion Gap metabolic acidosis

A

Ketoacidosis
Uremia
Lactic acidosis
Toxins

128
Q

causes of Normal Anion Gap metabolic acidosis

A

Diarrhea
RTA
Fistula
Ureterosigmoidoscopy

128
Q
A

FMGE (4 decks)

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