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EEOB > Medicinal plants pt 1 > Flashcards

Medicinal plants pt 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is important about willows?

A

The watery bark sap is full of salicylic acid

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2
Q

How did people use willows?

A

They would chew the bark and get the fever relief

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3
Q

Why is Cinchona important?

A

This was the traditional way to cure malaria

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4
Q

T/F quinine has been replaced by newer anti-malarial dugs like chloroquine

A

True

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5
Q

Why is aloe vera important?

A

Helps with skin, stimulate cell growth, inhibit infection

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6
Q

How does aloe help with the skin? How does it help as a laxative?

A

Chrysophanic acid for skin
anthroquinone gluycoside for laxative

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7
Q

Why is Senna important?

A

Can be used as a laxative

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8
Q

Why is ephedra important?

A

decongestant treatment for asthma and bronchitis
central nervous system stimulant

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9
Q

What is the difference between pseudoephedrine and ephedrine?
What are the two effects of both?

A

the 3d structure changes it.
ephedrine has a stronger effect
pseudo is used medicinally and more controlled.

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10
Q

What is the Nagoya Protocol?

A

an agreement for countries to be able to capitalize on the things found on their land

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11
Q

What is significant about Catharanthus Roseus?

A

Tropical and it has alkaloids with anticancer activity

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12
Q

Vincristine interferes with spindle formation during mitosis, what is the pros and cons?

A

Pro: It will stop cells from duplicating
con: it can go against the healthy cells as well

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13
Q

Why is pacific yew important?

A

has taxol which is used to treat lung, head, neck cancers and kaposis sarcoma

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14
Q

How would you find the closest relative to a plant?

A

Using the phylogenetic tree

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15
Q

Why is mayapple important?

A

Contains podophyllin and gelatin alkaloids which is used as basis of leukemia drug

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16
Q

Why is ipecac important?

A

induces vomiting

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17
Q

Why is rauvolfia important?

A

has alkaloid and reserpine to treat hypertension and schizophrenia

18
Q

Why is belladonna important?

A

Dilate pupils, and used as a heart medication, and for motion sickness

19
Q

How did women use belladonna?

A

Women would use this to make pupils big to seem more beautiful

20
Q

Do we know if silphium exist?

A

No we have not seen it we only know it from ancient authors

21
Q

What is the con with herbal remedies?

A

It can be toxic if given too much

22
Q

What are some common herbal supplements?

A

St.Johns Wort- depression,
Gingko Biloba- asthma, bronchitis
Saw palmetto- prostate enlargement

23
Q

Why are psychoactive plants different from medicinal plants?

A

The line is very thin and barely different and dosage dependednt. It is considered psychoactive if it: stimulates, hallucinogens, or depressants

24
Q

What are the main psychoactive component of plants?

A

Alkaloids

25
Q

Is THC an alkaloid?

A

No

26
Q

T/F opioids tend to enhance neurotransmitter release

A

F: it inhibits

27
Q

How did the British play a role in opium sales?

A

They produced it in India and then sell it to china

28
Q

How did heroin come about?

A

In 1874 they messed with the molecules to try and find a less addictive plain reliever than morphine

29
Q

The syringe to inject something was made in

A

1850s

30
Q

Where is opium produced recently?

A

golden crescent, golden triangle, Columbia, Mexico

31
Q

What plant do we get opium from?

A

Opium Poppy

32
Q

What are old world drug plants

A

Opium poppy and marijuana

33
Q

What are new world drug plants?

A

Coca

34
Q

How is coca leaves used traditionally?

A

As a stimulant and a ritualistic use

35
Q

How does cocaine work?

A

Keeps the neurotransmitters firing

36
Q

What the difference between coca leaves and cocaine?

A

It is isolated and concentrated in cocaine.

37
Q

Why is the Kola nut important?

A

It was a part of coca- cola and had caffeine

38
Q

What are the main Plant families?

A

Solanaceae, grass family, chocolate family, coffee family

39
Q

What plant is tobacco from?

A

Nicotiana Tabacum

40
Q

What are some medicinal uses of tobacco?

A

Leaves used to treat skin, respitiry ailments, and insecticide

EEOB (12 decks)

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