Grasses old world Flashcards
Lecture 4
What is special about the grass family that makes it important to humans?
The seed/grain of the grass has nutrition
hardy- can grown under a wide variety of conditions
Some grasses are annual, what type and why is it important?
Grasses we eat (wheat) and we get a lot of nutrition from the seed.
What is the grass family name?
Poaceae
How is Poaceae the most economically important family of plants?
food
forage
building materials- bamboo
sugar- sugarcane
fuel-
horticultural/ornamental
What is rhizomatous?
a bud that grows horizontally and connect with another to produce more
What is Inflorescences?
A cluster of flowers
Caryopsis is?
The fruit/grain of a grass
What are the two different forms of wheat?
Triticum Turgidum- Durum wheat (pasta)
Triticum activum- Bread wheat
what is intentional hybridization and who did it?
Breeding intentionally to help with pests, hardier plants, and change protein and stretch content. Today humans do this
What is accidental hybridization and who did it?
It is unconscious selection and old world humans did it
How are we harvesting grain?
Flour mills and it collects the flour when it falls
what is the endosperm in ground wheat?
endosperm in ground wheat is the stretch
what is the embryo (germ) in ground wheat?
the protein aka the gluten
what is the bran in ground wheat?
bran is the fiber
what changes hard and soft wheat presence?
The arrangement of the protein
What is monocot?
flowering plants with one seed leaf or a cotyledon emerging from their embryo
What is dicot?
having two cotyledons, or seed leaves, within the seed
Which has a higher protein content, hard or soft wheat?
Hard
Out of all the wheat which has the highest protein %, what has the lowest?
a: whole wheat
b durum
c: hard wheat
d: all purpose
e: soft wheat
f: cake
a: whole wheat
f: cake
Out of all the wheat which has the highest carbohydrate %, what has the lowest?
a: whole wheat
b durum
c: hard wheat
d: all purpose
e: soft wheat
f: cake
f: cake
a: whole wheat
Why are vitamins lost when we eat wheat even though the original one has a lot of vitamins?
Because most of the vitamins are in the embryo. We add them back artificially
How is rice different from wheat?
Rice is semi aquatic
What plant feeds more people in the world than any other plant?
Rice
What are the two independent domestications of rice?
Oryza sativa (asian rice)
Oryza glaberrima (African rice)
what does sativa mean?
a cultivated plant
What are the two main Oryza sativa (asian rice)?
Var. indica (north India and longer)
Var. Japonica (eastern china and Short grain rice)
