Medicinal Chem (Exam q's) Flashcards
Required key terms for specific common questions (*concepts I keep forgetting)
Explain to the change in enzyme activity.
-> Why does enzyme activity vary when we change pH?
-> Why is enzyme not effective in a certain pH?
- Interactions between acidic/basic side chains in tertiary and secondary structure bonds are disrupted
- Changes active site of enzyme = substrate can’t bind
Explain secondary structure bonds in proteins.
H-bonds between neighbouring peptide bonds (CO—-HN)
* forms alpha helix / beta pleated sheets structure
Explain primary structure bonds in proteins.
Covalent peptide bonds (between amino acids)
Explain why smth has a higher MP using bonding (fatty acids)
- straight carbon chain
- no C=C double bonds
- tighter packing
- more dispersion forces
- more E req to break bonds
Amylopectin compared to Amylose
Amylopectin
* branched structure due to alpha 1-6 glycosidic bonds
* Easier access for enzymes for hydrolysis
* faster digestion + absorption
Amylose
* linear (or helical???), straight-chain structure
* tighter packing
* increased disp. forces
* more E req
Similarities between Amylose and Amylopectin?*
Both are polymers of alpha glucose
Explain Glycogen, Starch, and Cellulose
Polymers of alpha glucose
* Glycogen - human storage for glucose
* Starch - plant storage for glucose (splits into 2 types - amylose/amylopectin - CH2OH groups remain on same side of chain)
Polymer of beta glucose = Cellulose
* made in plants, we don’t make it.
* we can eat it!
* can’t digest it though (just poop it out lol)
* CH2OH side chain alternates every monomer
Explain why fats are solid and oils are liquid at room temp
Oils
* unsaturated bonds = kinks
* can’t pack tightly
* decreased disp. forces
= liquid
Fats
* saturated bonds
* straight linear chain
* tightly packed
* increased disp. forces
= solid
At room temp, E is sufficient/insufficient to break bonds
Which has greater effect on MP: unsaturation or larger molecule?*
Unsaturation has a greater effect on MP
Describe the bonds that contrbute to spiral secondary structure of protein.
- WHAT- H bonds
- WHERE - between H atom and O atom on different peptide groups on the same polymer chain