Medications Flashcards
Propofol/Diprivan MOA?
Positive modulation of the inhibitory function of the neurotransmitter GABA through GABA-A receptors.
Metoprolol/Lopressor MOA?
Beta 1 adrenergic receptor blocker.
Nicardipine/Cardene MOA?
Anithypertensive - Calcium channel blocker and vasodilator.
Amiodorine MOA?
Antiarrhythmic - Prolongs the myocardial Cell Action during the refractory period and acts as a non-competitive a and b adrenergic inhibitor.
Cardizem/Diltiazem MOA
Calcium Channel Blocker and vasodilator
What are the 4 major vasopressors?
Phenylephrine/Neosynephrine
Norepinephrine/Levophed
Epinephrine/adrenaline
Vasopressin/vasotrict
What type of drugs are Dopamine, dobutamine and milrinone?
Dopamine - vasopressor with inotrope properties (Alpha receptors)
Dobutamine and milrinone are inotropes (Beta1 receptors in the heart).
What are inotropes?
Inotropes are meds that increase cardiac contractility which improves cardiac output and consequently MAP.
How is MAP calculated?
MAP = CO x SVR
How is Cardiac Output calculated?
CO = Stroke Volume x Heart Rate
Describe the Mechanism of Action for the following vasopressors:
Phenylephrine
Norepinephrine
Epinephrine
Phenylephrine - Pure alpha1 agonist, causing peripheral arterial constriction.
Norepinephrine - Mixed alpha1 and beta activity.
Epinephrine - alpha1 and beta receptors.
What is the MOA of Vasopressin?
Acts on V1 receptors to stimulate smooth muscle contraction of the vessels as well as V2 receptors in the kidneys to act as a diuretic.
Atropine MOA?
Atropine is an anti-parasympathetic/anti-cholinergic drug. It has the same effect as a sympathetic drug such as epinephrine.
Ipratropium/Atrovent MOA?
Anti-Parasympathetic/Anticholinergic drug that only works in the receptors in the lungs, thus cause bronchiole dilation and decreased secretions like mucus.
What is the difference between albuterol and ipratropium?
Albuterol is a beta2 agonist (sympathetic) and Ipratropium is a muscarinic antagonist (anti-cholinergic). They both result in bronchodilation.
