Medications

Question 1

Clopidogrel (trade name Plavix)

Answer 1

Clopidogrel (INN) is an oral, thienopyridine class antiplatelet agent used to inhibit blood clots in coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease, and cerebrovascular disease. The drug works by irreversibly inhibiting a receptor called P2Y12, an adenosine diphosphate (ADP) chemoreceptor on platelet cell membranes. Adverse effects include hemorrhage, severe neutropenia, and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP).

Question 2

Metoprolol

Answer 2

Metoprolol is a selective β1 receptor blocker used in treatment of angina pectoris, hypertension, or hemodynamically-stable acute myocardial infarction

Question 3

Isosorbide mononitrate

Answer 3

a drug used principally in the treatment of angina pectoris[1] and acts by dilating the blood vessels so as to reduce the blood pressure.

Question 4

Pantoprazole

Answer 4

proton pump inhibitor used to treat GERD by inhibiting gastric acid production.

Question 5

Simvastatin

Answer 5

a hypolipidemic drug used with exercise, diet, and weight-loss to control elevated cholesterol, or hypercholesterolemia. Secondary prevention of cardiovascular events in hypercholesterolemic patients with established coronary heart disease (CHD) or at high risk for CHD: To reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality; to reduce the risk of stroke. Reduce the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease

Question 6

Temazepam (brand names Restoril - 15 mg/30 mg and Normison, among others)

Answer 6

an intermediate-acting 3-hydroxy hypnotic of the benzodiazepine class of psychoactive drugs. Temazepam is approved for the short-term treatment of insomnia. In addition, temazepam has anxiolytic (anti-anxiety), anticonvulsant, and skeletal muscle relaxant properties

Question 7

Diazoxide (INN; brand name Proglycem)

Answer 7

A potassium channel activator, which causes local relaxation in smooth muscle by increasing membrane permeability to potassium ions. This switches off voltage-gated calcium ion channels which inhibits the generation of an action potential.
Diazoxide is used as a vasodilator in the treatment of acute hypertension or malignant hypertension.
Diazoxide also inhibits the secretion of insulin from the pancreas, thus it is used to counter hypoglycemia in disease states such as insulinoma and congenital hyperinsulinism.
Diazoxide acts as a positive allosteric modulator of the AMPA receptor, suggesting potential application as a cognitive enhancer.