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medications Flashcards

1
Q

albuterol classification

A

bronchodilator

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2
Q

amlodipine besylate classification

A

antihypertensive, calcium channel blocker

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3
Q

amoxicillin, cephalexin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin classification

A

antibiotic

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4
Q

aripiprazole classification

A

antipsychotic

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5
Q

atorvastatin classification

A

antilipemic, statin

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6
Q

celecoxib classification

A

anti-inflammatory

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7
Q

clopidogrel

A

antiplatelet

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8
Q

donepezil

A

anti-Alzheimer’s

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9
Q

duloxetine

A

antidepressant

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10
Q

enoxaparin

A

anticoagulatn

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11
Q

escitalopram

A

antidepressant

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12
Q

esomeprazole

A

anti-ulcer agent, proton-pump inhibitor

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13
Q

fenofibrate

A

antilipemic

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14
Q

fluticasone/salmetrol

A

antiasthma, glucocorticoid, bronchodilator

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15
Q

furosemide

A

diuretic

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16
Q

gabapentin

A

anticonvulsant

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17
Q

hydrochlorothiazide

A

diuretic

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18
Q

hydrocodone plus acetaminophen

A

opioid (narcotic) analgesic

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19
Q

insulin

A

hypoglycemic

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20
Q

levothyroxine

A

thyroid hormone

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21
Q

lisinorpil

A

antihypertensive, ACE inhibitor

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22
Q

losartan

A

antihypertennsive

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23
Q

memantine

A

anti-Alzheimer’s

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24
Q

metforminn

A

hypoglycemic

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25
Q

methylphenidate

A

central nervous system stimulant

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26
Q

metoprolol succinate/tartrate

A

antihypertensive, beta blocker

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27
Q

montelukast

A

bronchodilator, leukotriene inhibitor

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28
Q

olanzapine

A

antipsychotic

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29
Q

omeprazole

A

anti-ulcer agent, proton-pump inhibitor

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30
Q

oxycodone

A

opioid analgesic

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31
Q

pioglitazone

A

hypoglycemic

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32
Q

pravastattin

A

antilipemic, statin

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33
Q

prednisone

A

glucocorticoid

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34
Q

pregabalin

A

anticonvulsant

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35
Q

quetiapine

A

antipsyhcotic

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36
Q

rosuvastatin

A

antilipemic, statin

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37
Q

sildenafil

A

erectile dysfunction agent

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38
Q

simvastatin

A

antilipemic, statin

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39
Q

sulfamethoxazole/tremethoprim

A

antibiotic

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40
Q

tramadol

A

analgesic

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41
Q

norvasc

A

antihypertensive

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42
Q

zoloft

A

anti-depressant

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43
Q

valsartan

A

antihypertensive

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44
Q

warfarin

A

anticoagulant

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45
Q

zolpidem

A

sedative-hypnotic

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46
Q

ds (strength of measurement_

A

double strength

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47
Q

gtt

A

drop

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48
Q

a (frequency of administration)

A

before

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49
Q

ac

A

before meals

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50
Q

ad lib

A

as desired

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51
Q

bid

A

twice a day

52
Q

d

A

daily, day

53
Q

pc

A

after meals

54
Q

PRN

A

whenever needed

55
Q

q

56
Q

qam

A

every mornning

57
Q

qid

A

four times a day

58
Q

ut dict

A

as directed

59
Q

NPO

A

nil per os
nothing by mouth

60
Q

sig

A

write on the label

61
Q

qs

A

sufficient amount

62
Q

analgesics
action and examples

A

relieve pain
ex: acetaminophen, hydrocodone

63
Q

antacids/anti-ulcer
action and examples

A

neutralize stomach acid
ex: esomeprazole, calcium carbonate

64
Q

antibiotics
action and examples

A

kill bacteria
ex: amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin

65
Q

anticholinergics
action and examples

A

reduce bronchospasm
ex: ipratropium, dicyclomine

66
Q

anticoagulants
action and examples

A

delay blood clotting
ex: warfarin, enoxaparin, heparin

67
Q

anticonvulsants
action and examples

A

prevent or control seizures
ex: clonazepam, phenytoin, gabapentin

68
Q

antidepressants
action and examples

A

relieve depression
ex: doxepin, fluoxetine, duloxetine, selegiline

69
Q

antidiarrheals
action and examples

A

reduce diarrhea
ex: bismuth subsalicylate, loperamide

70
Q

antiemetics
action and examples

A

reduca nausea, vomiting
ex: metoclopramide, ondansetron

71
Q

antifungals
action and examples

A

kill fungi
ex: fluconazole, nystatin, miconazole

72
Q

antihistamines
action and examples

A

relieve allergies
ex: diphenhydramine, cetirizine, loratadine

73
Q

antihypertensives
action and examples

A

lower blood pressure
metoprolol, lisinopril, valsartan, clonidine

74
Q

anti-inflammatories
action and examples

A

reduce inflammation
ex: ibuprofen, celecoxib, naproxen

75
Q

antilipemics
action and examples

A

lower cholesterol
ex: atorvastatin, fenofibrate

76
Q

antimigraine agents
action and examples

A

relieve migraine headaches
ex: topiramate, sumatriptan

77
Q

anti-osteoporosis agents
action and examples

A

improve bone density
ex: alendronate, ibandronnate, calcitonin

78
Q

antipsychotics
action and examples

A

control psychotic symptoms
ex: quetiapine, haloperidol, risperidone

79
Q

antipyretics
action and examples

A

reduce fever
ex: acetaminophen, ibuprofen, aspirin

80
Q

antispasmodics/muscle relaxants
action and examples

A

reduce or prevent muscle spasms
ex: cyclobenzaprine, methocrbamol

81
Q

antitussives/expectorants
action and examples

A

control cough, promote elimination of mucus
ex: dextromethorphan, codeine, guaifenesin

82
Q

antivirals
action and examples

A

kill viruses
ex: acyclovir, interferon, oseltamivir

83
Q

anxiolytics (antianxiety)
action and examples

A

reduce anxiety
ex: clonazepam, diazepam, lorazepam

84
Q

bronchodilators
action and examples

A

relax airway muscles
ex: albuterol, isoproterenol, theophylline

85
Q

central nervous system stimulants
action and examples

A

reduce hyperactivity
ex: methylphenidate, modafinil

86
Q

contraceptives
action and examples

A

prevent pregnancy
ex: medroxyprogesterone acetate, ethinyl estradiol

87
Q

decongestants
action and examples

A

relieve nasal congestion
ex: pseudoephedrine, mometasone

88
Q

diuretics
action and examples

A

eliminate excess fluid
ex: furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide

89
Q

hormone replacement
action and examples

A

stabilize hormone deficiencies
ex: levothyroxine, insulin, desmopressin, estrogen

90
Q

laxatives, stool softeners
action and examples

A

promote bowel movements
ex: magnesium hydroxide, bisacodyl

91
Q

oral hypoglycemics
action and examples

A

reduce blood glucose
ex: metformin, acarbose, glyburide

92
Q

sedative-hypnotics
action and examples

A

induce sleep/relaxation
ex: zolpidem, temazepam, eszopiclone

93
Q

Schedule I drugs
ex:

A

high potential for abuse, illegal and cannot be prescribed
ex: heroin, mescaline, LSD, cannabis

94
Q

Schedule II drugs
ex:

A

high potential for abuse and can lead to psychological and physical dependence
ex: morphine, methadone, oxycodone, hydromorphone, hydrocodone, fentanyl, and methamphetamine.

95
Q

Schedule III drugs
ex:

A

moderate to low potential for physical and psychological dependence
ex: ketamine, anabolic steroids, testorone

96
Q

What is required for Schedule III drugs. How many times can they be refilled in 6 monnths.

A

require a handwritten prescription.
can be refilled up to 5 times in 6 months.

97
Q

Schedule IV drugs
ex:

A

have a low potential for abuse and dependence
ex: diazepam, zolpidem, eszopiclone, alprazolam, chlordiazepoxide, and clonazepam

98
Q

What is required for schedule IV and V drugs. How many times can they be refilled in 6 months. How may refills be authorized?

A

providers must sign prescriptions.
May be refilled 5 times in 6 months
refills can be authorized over the phone.

99
Q

Schedule V drugss
ex:

A

contain limited quantities of narcotics. usually used for antidiarrheal, antitussive, and analgesic purposes.
ex: diphenoxylate with atropine, pregabalin, lacosamide, and opium/kaolin/pectin/belladonna

100
Q

enteric coating

A

containing an outer shell that prevents an oral tablet from dissolving until it reaches the intestines, often to prevent stomach irritation.

101
Q

What is the most common contraindication to medication?
What does it mean?

A

hypersensitivity: when the use of a medication is not recommended due to a prior condition.

102
Q

What is an adverse reaction?

A

an undesired reaction caused by medication

103
Q

What is anaphalyaxis?

A

severe allergic reaction, could lead to death.

104
Q

What juice interacts with many medications?

A

grapefruit juice

105
Q

What do antibiotics reduce the effect of?

A

birth control

106
Q

Which medications in large quantities can be toxic to life?

A

APAP, lisinopril, erythromycin, and penicilin.

107
Q

parenteral

A

a medication is digested outside of the digestive tract

108
Q

_ drops = 1 ml

109
Q

1 teaspoon = _ mL

110
Q

1 tablespoon = _ mL

111
Q

1 cup = _ mL

112
Q

_ teaspoons = 1 tablespoon

A

3 teaspoons

113
Q

1 kg = __ pounnds

A

2.2 pounds

114
Q

pharmacology vs pharmacokinetics

A

pharmacology: the study of medication
pharmacokinetics: the study on how the medications move within the body

115
Q

What four actions are involved with pharmacokinetics

A
  1. absorption
  2. distribution
  3. metabolism
  4. excretion
116
Q

What are the rights of medication administration?

A
  1. Right patient
  2. right medication
  3. right dosage
  4. right route
  5. right time
  6. right documentation
117
Q

contraindication vs indication

A

contraindication: cautions used when taking certain drugs due to a symptom or condition

indication: therapeutic effect of medicationi

118
Q

interaction

A

how the medication interacts with other drugs or substances

119
Q

What does half life mean?

A

“A medication’s half-life is the time it takes for the body to process and eliminate half of the dosage.

120
Q

“A medication’s half-life is the time it takes for the body to process and eliminate half of the dosage.

121
Q

Which of the following effects is an indication of allergic reaction to lisinopril?
1. nausea
2. orthostatic hypotension
3. facial swelling
4. taste disturbance

A

facial swelling

122
Q

A medical assistant is preparing to perform a Mantoux test. Which route of injection is used?
a. intradermal
b. subcutaneous
c. intramuscular
d. intravenous

A

intradermal

123
Q

Common side effects of lisinopril

A

nausea, dizziness, nasal congestion

124
Q

possible indicators of allergic reaction to lisinopril

A

swelling of the lips, face, and tongue

125
Q

Which medication has a side effect of sedation and sleepiness prompting a warning prior to driving or operating machinery?

A

diphenhydramine.

126
Q

What adverse reaction can a formulation with enteric coating prrrevent?

A

GI issues/ stomach irritation

MA (6 decks)

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