Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Year 3 > Medications > Flashcards

Medications Flashcards

1
Q

Minor anaphylaxis against transfusion?

A

antihistamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Major anaphylaxis against transfusion?

A

Im adrenaline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

TACO?

A

transfusion associated circulatory overload

IV furosemide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

iron overload reduction e.g. in transfusion therapy for thalassaemia / haemachromatosis

A

desferoxamine (chelator)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

chronic sickle cell disease?

A

hydroxyurea - increases HbF levels and helps reduce frequency and duration of crises

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

minimal change disease (nephrotic syndrome child) tx

A

prednisolone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Central diabetes inspidus

A

intranasal desmopressin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

A

thiazide diuretic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

drugs causing urinary retention

A

amitriptyline

opioids

(retain urine then causes overflow incontinence)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

(2nd line) drug mx for stress incontinence if pelvic physio doesnt work

A

Duloxetine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

drug mx for urge incontinence of conservative mx isnt working

A

antimuscuranic e.g. oxybutynin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

why may oxybutynin need to be stopped in the frail?

A

Usually given 2nd for urge incontinence but can increase risk of falls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

In a patient with hypercalciuria and renal stones, calcium excretion and stone formation can be decreased by

A

thiazide diuretics

e.g. bendroflumethiazide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

pain relief for renal colic?

A

Diclofenac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

1st + 2nd line drugs for ankylosing spondylitis

A

1- NSAIDs (+ physio)

2 - infliximab (anti TNF)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

1st line for SLE + S/E

A

hydroxychloroquine

  • visual acuity testing due to risk of visual loss

+- steroids if skin or organ involvements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Levothyroxine side effect

A

Osteoporosis (important to consider in post meno women)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What medication can affect levothyroxine absorption?

A

Iron (ferrous sulphate) , take levothyroxine first 2-4 hrs before

other medics include calcium, digoxin, HRT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Carbimazole for hyperthyroid C/I pregnanacy, use what instead?

A

Propylthiouracil in 1st trimester

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

For gastroparesis?

A

Metoclopramide (pro kinetic to help the gastric emptying)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Painful diabetic neuropathy

A

Duloxetine 1st line

Amitriptyline, gabapentin, pregabalin 2nd line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Who would you avoid amitriptyline in?

A

px with BPH - can cause urinary retention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Drug mx rate control Atrial fibrillation

A

Propranolol OR a CCB

CCB can be diliatezem or Verapamil (but verapamil cannot be used with beta blocker)

2nd line - for sedentary px is digoxin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Drug mx rate control Atrial fibrillation

A

Propranolol OR a CCB

CCB can be diliatezem or Verapamil (but verapamil cannot be used with beta blocker)

2nd line - for sedentary px is digoxin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Whats given before elective DC cardioversion for AFib?

A

DOAC - apixiban

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Which drugs can be used to assess for brugada syndrome?

A

Flecainide or Ajmaline can make ECG changes more apparent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Drug for those not suited to parathyroidectomy for primary hyperPTH

A

cinalcalcet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Osteoporosis mx?

A

Bisphosphonates e.g. Alendronate

S/E = upper gi (give risedronate if Alendronate not sitting well)

Consider 2nd line denosumab for post meno women

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

For limb claudication (ABPI 0.5-0.9) if conservative mx for pain doesnt work (exercise regime + smoking cessation) what drug can be given?

A

Vasodilator = naftidrofuryl oxalate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

oral Vasodilator for mx of venous ulcers?

A

oral pentoxifylline = peripheral vasodilator which improved healing rate of ulcer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Aortic dissection can be type A (ascending) or type B (descending aortia)

Type B uses medical mx?

A

Conservative management , IV Beta blocker Labetalol to reduce BP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What anti coag do mechanical heart valves require?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What anti coag do mechanical heart valves require?

A

Warfarin ( with mitral valves having a higher INR target than aortic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Warfarin is 2nd line after DOACs for thromboembolism e.g. PE, for this what are the INR targets?

A

target INR = 2.5

if recurrent thombotic event despite on warfarin = 3.5

atrial fibrillation target = 2.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Warfarin side effects / contraindication?

A

Haemorrhage
teratogenic
- breast feeding mothers however CAN use
skin necrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Severe eczema?

A

Systemic immunosuppressive agnet = oral ciclosporin

( after tried emollients, then hydrocortisone topical cream )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

cellulitis first line

A

flucloxocillin

if allergic
- clarithromycin (erythromycin if preggies)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Malaria

A

Chloroquine / hydroxychloroquine

if strain is resistant consider artemisinin therapy

38
Q

eczema herpiticum

A

IV acyclovir

39
Q

encephalitis

A

( like eczema herpticum, complication of HSV)

also IV acyclovir

40
Q

What is ivabradine used for?

A

heart failure if the patient has sinus rhythm > 75/min and a LVEF < 35%

and have not responded to ACE-inhibitor, beta-blockers and aldosterone antagonist therapy.

41
Q

Bisoprolol is given (alongside an ACEi) for heart failure px, when does this need to be stoppedd?

A
42
Q

(Epidimytis, what to give after empirical ceftriaxone) due to UTI? (if px is 35+)

A

ciprofloxacin (for e-coli)

43
Q

(epididimytis, what to give after empirical ceftriaxone) due to STI (if px is under 35)

A

doxycycline to cover chlamidya as well

if gonorrhoea is suspected keep it is ceftriaxone

44
Q

1st and 2nd line for BPH

A

1st - Tamsulosin, alpha 1 blocker ( postural HTN, retrograde EJ)

2nd - Finasteride (low libido + erection, gynaecomastia, low PSA)

45
Q

analgesia anal fissure

A

topical lidocaine

46
Q

1st line chronic anal fissure meds after conservative tx

A

GTN ointment

2nd line - Diltiazem

47
Q

If women with breast cancer have oestrogen receptor positive breast cancer?

A

Tamoxifen ( an E2 receptor antagonist) = used in pre-menopausal women

or

Anastrazole ( aromatase i ) = used in post menopausal women

48
Q

Mild haemophilia A?

A

Desmospressin, can trigger release of vWF from endothelial cells increasing factor 8 plasma concentration

49
Q

essential thrombocythaemia tx?

A

hydroxycarbamide = reduce platelet count

antiplatelet therapy - aspirin to reduce risk

50
Q

1st line drug anxiety

2nd line drug anxiety

A

1st line = SSRI e.g. sertraline

2nd line = SSRIs (different), SNRI e.g. duloexetine / venlafaxine

if neither work try pregabalin

51
Q

1st line depression?

if that doesnt work

A

SSRI .e.g citalopram or sertraline

Can give SNRI e.g. venaflaxine, duloxetine, MAO inhibibtors, amitriptlyline

52
Q

SSRI of choice in children and adolescents for depression?

A

Fluoxetine

53
Q

SSRI of choice in px post MI for depression?

A

Sertraline

54
Q

delirium tremens?

A

Acute alcohol withdrawel, px will have hallucinations + fluctuating consciousness

(long acting benzodiazepine) chlordiazepoxide + pabrine

55
Q

Hyperactive delirum? (agitated px)

A

1st line antipsychotics e.g. haloperidol / respiradone

C/I in parkinsons so use lorazepam instead

56
Q

opiate overdose?

A

IV naloxone (also used for investigation to see reversal of symptoms)

57
Q

how to classify aspirin overdose?

A

salicylate levels

mild = <300 mg/L
moderate = 300-700 mg/L
severe = >700 mg/L

58
Q

Aspirin overdose?

A

Activated charcoal within the hr

sodium bicarbonate - alkalizes urine

59
Q

tricyclic antidepressant overdose features

A

convulsions, dry hot skin, dilated pupils, prolonged QT, agitation, blurred vision

60
Q

tricyclic antidepressant overdose drug mx?

A

IV sodium bicarbonate

61
Q

paracetamol overdose if staggered mx?

A

Do not wait or check for paracetamol levels just give N acetylcysteine

62
Q

which drugs cause peptic ulcers?

A

NSAIDs
Biphosphonates (aldendronic acid)
Corticosteroids

63
Q

which drugs can cause acute pancreatitis?

A

Sodium valproate
Steroids
Thiazides
Aziathoprine
Mesalazine

64
Q

C diff?

A

1st line - vancomycin

2nd line - oral fidaxomicin

if life threatening = oral vancomycin AND IV metronidazole, consider surgery

65
Q

cholera abx

A

doxyclycline or co-trimoxazole

66
Q

Staph Aureus caused Infective endocarditis on native valve abx?

On prosthetic valve?

A
  • Flucloxacillin
  • Flucloxaclillin + rifampcin + gentamicin
67
Q

Staph epidermidis caused Infective endocarditis abx? ( usually under 2 months post valve op )

A

vancomycin ( as the usual flucloxacillin wont work this organism is resistant )

68
Q

Infective endocarditis post dental procedure abx?

A

Organism is Strep viridans

–> benzylpenicillin

69
Q

for stroke - Aspring 300mg 2 weeks then clopidogrel, if clopidogrel not tolerated?

A

Aspirin +modified release dipyridamole

70
Q

Non op patients who have colorectal cancer?

A

oxaliplatin / irinotecan plus folinic acid + fluorouracil chemotherapy

71
Q

prolactinoma?

A

cabergoline 1st

2nd bromocriptine

72
Q

2nd line mx for acromegaly?

A

somatostatin analogue - octreotide

73
Q

Addisons glucocorticoid and mineralcorticoid replacement therapy?

A

Hydrocortisone , 2/3 doses for 20-30mg per day (glucocorticoid helps with cortisol)

-> Fludrocortisone (mineralcorticoid helps with aldosterone)

  • if px is sick double the hydrocortisone
74
Q

Addisons medical mx

A

Metyrapone - steroid synthesis pathway blocker

Can also use Ketoconazole (adrenolytic) * can cause liver damage

Mifepristone (glucocorticoid antagonist)

Pasireotide (binds to samostostatin receptors)

75
Q

Lamotrigine derm S/E

A

Steven johnson

76
Q

Medication for HTN in T2 diabetic?

A

ACEi or ARB

then add CCB / thiazide diuretic

77
Q

Medication in Non diabetic, under 55 white person with HTN?

A

ACEi or ARB

78
Q

Which HTN patients need a CCB first?

A

Age 55+, Black

  • as long as they are not diabetic
79
Q

Status epilepticus?

A

Hospital -> IV lorazepam

Other setting -> IM diazepam

2nd line -> phentoin

80
Q

generalised seizures?

A

Sodium valproate EXCEPT childbearing age women*

2nd line - ethosuximide ( first for absence seizure)

for these women* = lamotrigine

81
Q

focal seizures?

A

Carbemazepine (S/E - SIADH)

or lamotrigine

82
Q

essential tremor

A

Observe if mild, if not:

1st - propronolol

2nd - gabapentin

83
Q

Parkinsons with motor difficulties?

A

levodopa

84
Q

levadopa
The patient is experiencing symptoms towards the end of her dose and prior to the next dose, known as the ?

A

wearing off phenomenon

85
Q

Alzheimer’s 1st line

Alzheimer’s 2nd line

A

1 - Donepezil (acetylcholine i)

Galantamine if hallucinating

2 - Memantine (NMDA antagonist)

86
Q

Whaat drug can you not give trimethoprim (UTI abx) for?

A

Methotrexate

87
Q

if a px has calcium oxalate kidney stones as well as surgical evacuation what medication should be given?

A

Thiazide diuretics

88
Q

acute bronchitis if abx indicated, which one given

A

doxycycline

89
Q

What is contraindicated if a patient is on a macrolide?

A

Statin

90
Q

acute exacerbation COPD meds?

A

Amoxilcillin

allergic:
clarithromycin / doxycycline

91
Q

SVC obstruction (+ pembertons test) immediate medical mx?

A

dexamethasone

92
Q

amitriptyline S/E

A

Constipation

93
Q

depending on PT when is Vitamin K given when is FFP given?

A

PT time 14s+ = VK

PT time 20s+ = FFP

Year 3 (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions