MEDICATIONS

Question 1

name a common light general anaesthetic

Answer 1

midazolam

Question 2

what is the name for the anaesthetic that is injected subcutaneously

Answer 2

lidocaine

Question 3

name the 3 topical analgesics and what are they used for

Answer 3

EMLA Cream
AnGel cream
LMZ-4
all used to prevent pain signals reaaching brain and is placed on skin prior to injection/IV

Question 4

what are each of the topical analgesics properties and who can use them

Answer 4

EMLA Cream- used for neonates- analegesia reached after 1hr
AnGel- used for babies over 1month old, analgesia after 30mins, need refrigeration
LMX-4- used for chidlren over 2yrs old, 30 mins until analgesia reached.

Question 5

main ingrediant in AnGel

Answer 5

amethocaine (4%)

Question 6

main ingrediatn in LMX-4

Answer 6

lidocaine (4%)

Question 7

main ingrediant in EMLA cream

Answer 7

prilocaine (2.5%) and lidocaine (2.5%)

Question 8

what are the effects of buscopan

Answer 8

reduces peristalsis, reduces abdominal cramping, reduces colic and bladder spasm. allows for retrograde studies from rectum into bowel.

Question 9

how is buscopan administered

Answer 9

IV or orally

Question 10

what is midazolam used for and who used for

Answer 10

used on kids pre anaesthesia. light sedation, short term memory loss during procedure, reduces anxiety, depresses consciousness

Question 11

contraindications to buscopan use

Answer 11

glaucoma, stenosis of bowel, myasthenia gravis, megacolon, tachycardia

Question 12

side effects or reactions of midazolam

Answer 12

agitation, aggression, convulsions, respiratory depression

Question 13

what are contraindications of midazolam

Answer 13

neurotic disorders, pregnancy, CHF and glaucoma

Question 14

side effects of buscopan

Answer 14

dizziness, drymouth, disturbances and tachycardia

Question 15

procedure where lidocaine could be used

Answer 15

biers block, arthrogram, angiography, surgical proc.

Question 16

what can be used in conjunction with lidocaine to make it last longer

Answer 16

adrenaline

Question 17

side effects of lidocaine use

Answer 17

headaches, blurry vision, dizziness, vomity, light headed, bradycardia, shivery, hypotension (low bp)

Question 18

what are corticosteroids/cortisone used for, and how is it adminstered

Answer 18

for management of conditions like arthritis or tendonitis. its injected directly into a joint spcae. it is an antiinflmaatory drug

Question 19

how long does it take for cortisone to work

Answer 19

up o 1 week

Question 20

how long does cortisone provide pain relief for

Answer 20

3-6months

Question 21

contraindications to corticosteroids

Answer 21

use of warfarin, known allergy, skin infections, septic artirhtis

Question 22

side effects of cortisone

Answer 22

diabetics may expoerience increase blood sugars, 2% of pt. may expoereinec cortisone flares which causes crystillisation. ouchy