Medication/ surgery summary

Question 1

How do ACEI work ?

Answer 1

They inhibit ACE which therefore reduces reabsorption in the kidneys

Question 2

Name examples of ACEI

Answer 2

Ramipril ‘pril’ endings

Question 3

How do CCBs work ?

Answer 3

They bind to L type Ca channels of the myocardium of the heart, reducing Ca in the sarcomeres and therefore reducing muscle contraction.
They act primarily to increase resistance in the peripheral arteries

Question 4

Name examples of CCBs

Answer 4

Amlodipine, felodipine. ‘pine’ endings

Question 5

How do ARBs work ?

Answer 5

They inhibit Angiotensin II which therefore reduced reabsorption in the kidneys

Question 6

Name example of ARBs

Answer 6

candesartan, Valsartan and Isosartan ‘sartan’ endings

Question 7

How do Beta Blockers work ?

Answer 7

They inhibit adrenaline from acting on the heart and so they slow the heart rate

Question 8

Examples of beta blockers

Answer 8

Bisoprolol ‘lol’ endings

Question 9

How do diuretics work ?

Answer 9

Diuretics work on the kidneys to maximise sodium and therefore water excretion

Question 10

Examples of diuretics

Answer 10

Loop diuretics i.e. Furosemide
Thiazide
‘ide’ endings

Question 11

How do antiplatelet work ?

Answer 11

They prevent the binding of platelets to each other

Question 12

Examples of statins ?

Answer 12

‘statin’ endings

Question 13

How do antiplatelet work ?

Answer 13

They prevent the binding of platelets to each other and therefore prevent clots

Question 14

Examples of antiplatelets

Answer 14

Ticagrelor
Aspirin
Clopidogrel
‘grel’ endings

Question 15

How do anticoagulants work ?

Answer 15

They prevent blood from coagulating by interrupting the blood clotting cascade

Question 16

Examples of anticoagulants

Answer 16

Warfarin
Heparin i.e. dalteparin ‘parin’ endings
‘ban’ endings

Question 17

What are Aldosterone antagonist ?

Answer 17

They bind to aldosterone and prevent reabsorption in the kidneys

Question 18

Examples of thrombolysis

Answer 18

Alteplase

‘Ase’ endings

Question 19

What is dual antiplatelet therapy ?

Answer 19

Combination of Aspirin (loading dose 300 then 75-150 each day thereafter) and Ticagrelor (Loading dose 180 then 75 thereafter)

Question 20

What are prophylaxis drugs ?

Answer 20

Drugs which help to prevent a disease;

Fondaparinux

Question 21

What are Aldosterone antagonist ?

Answer 21

They bind to aldosterone and prevent reabsorption in the kidneys

Question 22

Examples of Aldosterone antagonist

Answer 22

Spinolactone

‘one’ endings’

Question 23

How do SABAs work ?

Answer 23

They act on the B receptors in the airway and in doing so open the airways.

Question 24

Examples of SABAs

Answer 24

Salbutamol

Question 25

How do LABAs work ?

Answer 25

They act on the B receptors in the airway and in doing so open the airways.

Question 26

How do LAMAs work ?

Answer 26

They work on the muscarinic (Parasympathic) recepotes in the airways preveting the airways from closing

Question 27

What is Carotid endarterectomy ?

Answer 27

This is where a carotid artery or vein is opened and a clot removed.

Question 28

Examples of SABAs

Answer 28

Salbutamol

‘ol’ endings

Question 29

How do LAMAs work ?

Answer 29

They work on the muscarinic (Parasympathic) receptors in the airways preventing the airways from closing

Question 30

How do LTRAs work ?

Answer 30

They are antagonists again the leukotriene receptors. Leukotriene normally narrows the airways.

Question 31

How do corticosteroids work ?

Answer 31

Steroids work by decreasing inflammation.

Question 32

Examples of corticosteroids

Answer 32

Prednisolone
cortisone
oral dexamethasone
‘one’ endings