Medication/ surgery summary Flashcards
How do ACEI work ?
They inhibit ACE which therefore reduces reabsorption in the kidneys
Name examples of ACEI
Ramipril ‘pril’ endings
How do CCBs work ?
They bind to L type Ca channels of the myocardium of the heart, reducing Ca in the sarcomeres and therefore reducing muscle contraction.
They act primarily to increase resistance in the peripheral arteries
Name examples of CCBs
Amlodipine, felodipine. ‘pine’ endings
How do ARBs work ?
They inhibit Angiotensin II which therefore reduced reabsorption in the kidneys
Name example of ARBs
candesartan, Valsartan and Isosartan ‘sartan’ endings
How do Beta Blockers work ?
They inhibit adrenaline from acting on the heart and so they slow the heart rate
Examples of beta blockers
Bisoprolol ‘lol’ endings
How do diuretics work ?
Diuretics work on the kidneys to maximise sodium and therefore water excretion
Examples of diuretics
Loop diuretics i.e. Furosemide
Thiazide
‘ide’ endings
How do antiplatelet work ?
They prevent the binding of platelets to each other
Examples of statins ?
‘statin’ endings
How do antiplatelet work ?
They prevent the binding of platelets to each other and therefore prevent clots
Examples of antiplatelets
Ticagrelor
Aspirin
Clopidogrel
‘grel’ endings
How do anticoagulants work ?
They prevent blood from coagulating by interrupting the blood clotting cascade
Examples of anticoagulants
Warfarin
Heparin i.e. dalteparin ‘parin’ endings
‘ban’ endings
What are Aldosterone antagonist ?
They bind to aldosterone and prevent reabsorption in the kidneys
Examples of thrombolysis
Alteplase
‘Ase’ endings
What is dual antiplatelet therapy ?
Combination of Aspirin (loading dose 300 then 75-150 each day thereafter) and Ticagrelor (Loading dose 180 then 75 thereafter)
What are prophylaxis drugs ?
Drugs which help to prevent a disease;
Fondaparinux
What are Aldosterone antagonist ?
They bind to aldosterone and prevent reabsorption in the kidneys
Examples of Aldosterone antagonist
Spinolactone
‘one’ endings’
How do SABAs work ?
They act on the B receptors in the airway and in doing so open the airways.
Examples of SABAs
Salbutamol
How do LABAs work ?
They act on the B receptors in the airway and in doing so open the airways.
How do LAMAs work ?
They work on the muscarinic (Parasympathic) recepotes in the airways preveting the airways from closing
What is Carotid endarterectomy ?
This is where a carotid artery or vein is opened and a clot removed.
Examples of SABAs
Salbutamol
‘ol’ endings
How do LAMAs work ?
They work on the muscarinic (Parasympathic) receptors in the airways preventing the airways from closing
How do LTRAs work ?
They are antagonists again the leukotriene receptors. Leukotriene normally narrows the airways.
How do corticosteroids work ?
Steroids work by decreasing inflammation.
Examples of corticosteroids
Prednisolone
cortisone
oral dexamethasone
‘one’ endings
