Medication list #4 Flashcards
insulin lispro (rapid-acting)
Brand Name:
* Humalog
Frequency:
* individualized dosing - inject 15 min before or immediately after meals.
Treats:
* type 1 diabetes
*type 2 diabetes
Tips:
* low blood sugar
* refrigerate unopened vials
* discard after 28 days if at room temp
*let syringe reach room temp prior to injection to avoid painful injection
* rotate injection sites.
insulin glargine
(long-acting)
Brand Name:
* lantus
Frequency:
* individualized dosing- once daily
Treats:
* type 1 diabetes
* type 2 diabetes
Tips:
* low blood sugar
* refrigerate unopened vials
* discard after 28 days if at room temp
*let syringe reach room temp prior to injection to avoid painful injection
* rotate injection sites.
metformin
Brand Name:
* glucophage
Frequency:
* BID
*TID
*Max: 2,550 mg/day
Treats:
* type 2 diabetes
* polycystic ovary syndrome
* weight loss
Tips:
* diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain
* Take with food
* titrate dose up weekly ( to reduce stomach, upset, diarrhea)
* long term use can cause vitamin B-12 deficiency.
dapagliflozin
Brand Name:
* Farxiga
Frequency:
*once daily
Treats:
*type 2 diabetes
* chronic kidney disease
*heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
Tips:
*urinary tract infection
*increased urine output
* decreased blood pressure
Semaglutide
Brand Name:
* rybelsus (oral)
*ozempic (subcu)
*Wegovy (subcu)
Frequency:
*oral: once daily
*subcu: once weekly
Treats:
*type 2 diabetes
*weight management
Tips:
*nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
* headache
* low blood sugar
* rotate weekly injection sites
Gabapentin
Brand Name:
*neurontin
Frequency:
* BID
*TID
Treats:
*neuropathic pain
*seizures
* anxiety
Tips:
*drowsiness/dizziness
*uncoordinated muscle movements.
promethazine
Brand Name:
* Phenergan
Frequency:
*q4-6h prn
Treats:
* prevents and treats nausea and vomiting
*motion sickness
*allergies
Tips:
*drowsiness/dizziness
*avoid alcohol
*Sun sensitivity
Ondansetron
Brand Name:
*Zofran
*Zofran ODT
Frequency:
*q8h prn
Treats:
*prevents nause/vomiting
*non-fda approved for treatment of vomiting
Tips:
*Fatigue
*headache
*constipation or diarrhea
omeprazole
Brand Name:
*prilosec
Frequency:
*once daily
Treats:
*acid reflux/indigestion
*prevention and treatment of ulcers
Tips:
*works in 1 day, up to 4 days for full effect
*food delays absorption so take >1 hour before food
*separate from antacids by 2 hours
famotidine(OTC)
Brand Name:
*pepcid AC
Frequency:
*BID
Treats:
*acid reflux/indigestion
*prevention and treatment of ulcers
Tips:
*works in 1 hour, up to 1 day for full effect
*can be taken with antacids.
Calcium Carbonate
Brand Name:
*Tums
Frequency:
*chew 2-4 tablets prn
*MAX: 7500 mg/day if used for indigestion
*Max: 2500 mg/day as supplement
Treats:
*calcium supplement
*Acute Acid reflux/indigestion
Tips:
*constipation
*chew before swallowing
*Do not use >2 weeks for indigestion
docusate sodium
Brand Name:
*Colace
Frequency:
*daily
Treats:
*stool softener to relieve constipation
Tips:
*works in 1-3 days
*take with water
*diarrhea, cramps
polyethylene glycol (PEG)
Brand Name:
*MiraLAX
*GoLYTELY
Frequency:
*MirLAX (laxative): 17g dissolved in 8oz of liquid by mouth once daily prn
*GoLYTELY (colonoscopy prep): mix with water to make 1 gallon, drink 8oz every 10 mins.
Treats:
*osmotic laxative to relieve constipation
*bowel cleansing for colonoscopy prep
Tips:
*laxative works 1-3 days
*do not take laxative longer than 1 week without MD approval
*colon prep works in 1hr
*diarrhea,cramps,bloating
bisacodyl
Brand Name:
*dulcolax
Frequency:
*Laxative: 5-15mf PO daily, 10mg rectally daily
*colonoscopy prep: 20-30mg dose
*MAX: 30MG/DAY
Treats:
*stimulant laxative to relieve constipation
*bowel evacuant for colonoscopy prep
Tips:
*oral dose works in 8hr
*suppository works within 15-60 mins
*do not take longer than 1 week without MD approval
*diarrhea, cramps
loperamide
Brand Name:
*Imodium
Frequency:
*2 tabs PO after first loose stool, then 1 tab after each subsequent loose stool
MAX: 8mg/day (OTC)
16mg/day (RX)
Treats:
*slows persistalis to treat diarrhea
Tips:
*Drowsiness
*If diarrhea not improved in 2 days,call MD due to de-hydration risk
