Medication Information Flashcards
What is drug titration?
Starting medication slowly
What are medication side effects?
Fatigue sleepiness dizziness unsteadiness blurry vision stomach upset Liver and kidney problems Depression Dental problems/gum dysplasia headaches reduce immunity memory thinking problems weight gain and weight loss
Medication effects on internal organs
Medication can cause issue with blood counts
issues with liver and other internal organs
and lymph node swelling
What is phenobarbital
Oldest antiepileptic drug available since 1912
It is a GABA enhancer
What is Dilantin
Available since 1938
it is a sodium channel blocker
For partial onset seizures
The Side effects can be cosmetic with gingival hyperplasia
What is Keppra
Most commonly prescribed AED
Broad-spectrum first-line medication
What is Zonegran?
Second most prescribed behind Keppra
It is also broad-spectrum and a first-line medication
What is Depakote
It has a different mechanism of action
Works on sodium, calcium and GABA conductance
One of the most dangerous in terms of the liver toxicity
What is Vimpat
Used for refractory seizures and pretty much all potential VNS patients
What is the expected seizure freedom with first medication?
Second medication?
Percentage that are refractory to AED’s?
50% first drug
11% second drug and
35% for refractory epilepsy
What are the cost of not inherence to medications?
Higher inpatient hospitalization 39%
Higher inpatient days 76%
ER visits are 16% higher
And equals about $4000 per quarter!!!
What is a Ketogenic diet?
Use since 1921 it is high in fat
normal diet consists of 55% carbs 25% protein and 20% fat
Ketogenic is 75% fat 25% protein
What are side effects to Ketogenic diet?
Kidney stones high cholesterol dehydration Constipation bone fractures and nonadherence
What is norepinephrine?
And where does it originate in brain?
Hormone or neurotransmitter most responsible for vigilant concentration and fight or flight mechanism
It’s from the locus coeruleus LC
What are five types of medication mechanism of action
Sodium GABA calcium potassium glutamate (amino acid?)
