Medication and fluid administration Flashcards

1
Q

What are fluids and meds based on in children?

A

WEIGHT

Weight = 2 x (age +4)

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2
Q

Body fluid distribution in infant?

A
  • infants have higher body water content + metabolic rates = higher turnover of fluids and solute
  • significant fluid loss occurs more rapidly
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3
Q

IV fluid management

A

Resusitation (0.9 saline)
Rehydration (0.9 saline, 5% glucose)
Maintenance (0.9 Saline, 5% glucose +/- 20mmols KCL)

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4
Q

How do you calculate re-hydration rate (childs deficit)

A

Deficit (mL) = [Premorbid weight (kg) - current weight (kg)] x 1000

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5
Q

Why are children at an increase risk of adverse drug events?

A
  • Different and changing pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters
  • immature organ function to metabolise drug
  • lack of suitable pediatric preparations
  • need for precise dose measurements
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6
Q

Pharmacokinetics VS pharmacodynamics

A

phyrmacokinetics

  • uptake and drug reabsorption
  • drug metabolism
  • drug excretion

Pharmacodynamics
- response to drug may be different even though the mechanism of action is the same

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7
Q

High risk medications in children

A

APINCH

A - antifective 
P - potassium and other electrolytes 
I - Insulin 
N - Narcotics and other sedatives 
C - Chemotherapeutic agents 
H - Heparin and other anticoagulants
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8
Q

Calculating quantity required for childs medication

A

SUNRISE (SR) –> Strength required
__________ _____________ x volume
SUNSET (SS) –> Stock strength

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