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Final Exam Prep > Medication Administration Review > Flashcards

Medication Administration Review Flashcards

1
Q

Actions that ensure safe practice =

A

Standards

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2
Q

To prevent medication errors, what should be followed every time you administer medication?

A

The seven rights of medication administration

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3
Q

Ten rights of medication administration?

A

Right person, route, time, drug, dosage, right to refusal, documentation, client education, indication (assessments), evaluation

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4
Q

How many times do you check the 5 traditional rights?

A

4 times

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5
Q

How should you check the 5 traditional rights?

A

Compare the physician’s order to the MAR.
Compare meds when removed from the pyxis.
Compare when preparing medicine (med label against MAR).
Compare label to MAR to label again before administering.

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6
Q

Before administering meds, what should be done for each PT to ensure that you make patient-centered clinical decisions?

A

A thorough assessment

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7
Q

What are the types of orders?

A

STAT, Single, Standing, PRN

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8
Q

Topical Meds are applied to-

A

The skin + mucous membranes

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9
Q

The eyes, external ear, nose, vagina, and rectum are all classified as-

A

Mucous Membranes

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10
Q

When applying a transdermal patch, what kind of areas should you avoid?

A

Areas of wrinkling, lacerations, burns, abrasions

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11
Q

When applying a transdermal patch, what kind of areas should you be able to apply?

A

Clean, hairless areas

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12
Q

Can topical meds enter through the bloodstream?

A

Yes

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13
Q

What do you drop eye medication into?

A

The Conjunctival Sac

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14
Q

How close should the eye dropper be to the eye when administering eye drops?

A

0.4 - 0.8 in

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15
Q

How close should the ear dropper be when administering meds?

A

1/2 inch away from the ear canal

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16
Q

You have a PT over 3 years old, how would you pull their ear when instilling ear drops?

A

Pull up and back

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17
Q

You have a PT under 3 years old, how would you pull their ear when instilling ear drops?

A

Pull down and back

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18
Q

After instilling eye drops, you should gently hold pressure on the nasolacrimal duct for how long to avoid a systemic effect?

A

30 Seconds

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19
Q

After instilling ear drops, how long should a PT remain on their side for?

A

5 mins

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20
Q

After instilling ear drops, a small piece of cotton be placed loosely for how long?

A

15-20 mins

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21
Q

Are sterile solutions used for the ear? Why?

A

Yes, in case the eardrum is perforated

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22
Q

Before administering nasal meds, should the med be gently shaken?

A

Yes

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23
Q

How far should you hold the dropper above the nares when administering nasal meds?

A

1/2 inch

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24
Q

How long should the PT maintain position after nasal med administration?

A

1 min

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25
Q

Should you avoid blowing your nose for several minutes after being administered nasal medication?

A

Yes

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26
Q

What are the advantages of suppositories?

A

Avoids GI upset
Released slow and steady
Avoids bad med taste
Higher blood titers of medication

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27
Q

What position should you be in when being administered a suppository?

A

Sims position, with upper leg flexed

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28
Q

How many inches should a suppository be inserted?

A

About 4 inches

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29
Q

After being administered a suppository, PT should remain in Sim’s Postion or Supine for how long to help retain the suppository?

A

5 mins

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30
Q

How far should a suppository be inserted for an infant or child?

A

2 in

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31
Q

You should shake an inhaler for how long before administering?

A

5 Seconds

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32
Q

When administering an inhaler to a PT, their head should be tilted back and they should inhale slowly and deeply for how long while depressing the canister?

A

3 - 5 seconds

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33
Q

How long should you hold your breath after breathing in the med from an inhaler?

A

10 seconds

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34
Q

Sterile water, saline, or antiseptic solution are all commonly used to-

A

Irrigate/ wash out a body cavity

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35
Q

Is it okay for you to be in a side-lying position while taking PO meds?

A

Yes

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36
Q

Buccal =

A

Between check and gums

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37
Q

Sublingual =

A

Under the tongue

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38
Q

What’s a single order?

A

An order to be completed only one time

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39
Q

What’s a standing order?

A

Signed instructions of a provider authorized by state law to prescribe how the PT is to be treated for

40
Q

PRN =

A

As Needed

41
Q

What is the tip of the needle called?

A

The Bevel

42
Q

Name off the parts of a syringe =

A

Plunger, barrel, needle adapter, needle hub

43
Q

Do you always have to clean the top of the vial with an alcohol prep pad?

A

Yes

44
Q

What should be used to break an ampule and how should it be broken?

A

A 4x4 gauze, ampule should be broken away from you

45
Q

What kind of needle should be used when getting medication out of an ampule?

A

A Filter Needle

46
Q

How much medication does an ampule contain?

A

1-10 mL

47
Q

What kind of vials must be labelled with the date it was opened?

A

Multi-Dose Vials

48
Q

What kind of syringes provide greater patient safety and reduce errors + waste?

A

Prefilled Syringes

49
Q

Always use what technique during the preparation and administration of injections?

A

Aseptic Technique

50
Q

Is it okay at times to administer meds from the same syringe to more than one patient?

A

No

51
Q

Intramuscular (IM) = how many degrees?

A

90

52
Q

Subcutaneous (SC) = how many degrees?

A

45

53
Q

Intravenous (IV) = how many degrees?

A

25

54
Q

Intradermal (ID) = how many degrees?

A

10-15

55
Q

Injection of medication into the correct location can prevent-

A

Risk of injury to the tissues, nerves, blood vessels, and nodes

56
Q

Parenteral =

A

Given via injection

57
Q

What muscle is easily accessible, but not well developed in many adults?

A

The deltoid muscle

58
Q

How many mls can the deltoid muscle take?

A

2 mLs or less

59
Q

Injecting the deltoid muscle has potential for injury due to-

A

Axillary, brachial, radial, and ulnar nerves

60
Q

The deltoid is used for-

A

Small volumes of medication + Routine immunization in adults

61
Q

In order to find the deltoid muscle, you must first-

A

Find the acromion process (at the top bony joint of the shoulder), the injection site should be about 2 inches below it

62
Q

What muscle is thick and well developed in adults?

A

The Vastus Lateralis Muscle

63
Q

What muscle extends from a handbreadth above the knee to a handbreadth below the greater trochanter of the femur?

A

The Vastus Lateralis Muscle

64
Q

What part of the Vastus Lateralis Muscle used for IM injections?

A

The Middle Third Part

65
Q

What muscle provides the greatest thickness of the gluteal muscle?

A

The Ventrogluteal Muscle

66
Q

The Ventrogluteal Muscle is free of-

A

Penetrating nerves + blood vessels

67
Q

The Ventrogluteal Muscle has a-

A

Narrower layer of fat

68
Q

What is the preferred and safest site for all adults, children, and infants for larger volumes of meds + meds that are more viscous and irritating?

A

The Ventrogluteal Muscle

69
Q

To locate the Ventrogluteal site, the heel of the hand is placed over-

A

The Greater Trochanter of the PT’s hip

70
Q

When finding the Ventrogluteal Muscle, what 3 things are supposed to form a V-shaped triangle shape?

A

The index finger, the middle finger, and the iliac crest

71
Q

What keeps meds from leaking out of the injection site?

A

The Z-Track Method

72
Q

Creates a zigzag like path through tissues =

A

The Z-Track Method

73
Q

Should the Z-Track Method be held until all medication has been administered?

A

Yeah

74
Q

For SC injections, what should be done to lower the risk of hypertrophy?

A

The injection sites should be rotated

75
Q

What are the best sites for SC injections?

A

The upper arms, anterior aspects of the thighs, and abdomen

76
Q

Should a SC injection be at a 90 degree angle or 45 degree angle?

A

Depends on amount of fatty tissue of injection site

77
Q

Bevel up or down?

A

Up

78
Q

Recap a used needle?

A

Never

79
Q

A TB skin test = what kind of injection?

A

Intradermal Injection

80
Q

The recommended site for TB testing for all ages =

A

The Forearm

81
Q

ID = total amount of injectable fluid?

A

0.1 mL

82
Q

SC = total amount of injectable fluid?

A

Up to 1 mL

Up to 0.5 mL (infants + small children)

83
Q

IM = total amount of injectable fluid?

A

2-5 mL (Adults)

0.5-1 mL (Children/ infants)

84
Q

Allergy testing may be performed-

A

Between the scapulae

85
Q

When administering an Intradermal injection, older adults have decreased skin elasticity, so the skin should be-

A

Held taut to ensure the med is administered correctly

86
Q

ID = Needle Gauge + Length?

A

25-27 G
3/8” to 5/8”

87
Q

ID Locations?

A

Upper third of the forearm
Outer aspects upper arms
Between scapula

88
Q

SC = Needle Gauge + Length?

A

25-31 G
1/2” to 5/8”

89
Q

SC Locations?

A

Outer Upper Arms, Anterior Thighs, Upper Outer Gluteal Area, Upper Back, Abdomen

90
Q

What area should be used for PTs with less SC tissue?

A

The Upper Abdomen

91
Q

IM = Needle Gauge + Length?

A

18-25 G
1/2” to 1 1/2”
(Based on age/size of PT + Site used)

92
Q

IM Locations?

A

Ventrogluteal, Vastus Lateralis, Deltoid

93
Q

Preferred site for infants because it’s the most developed muscle =

A

Vastus Lateralis

94
Q

What site is recommended adults for IM injections?

A

The Ventrogluteal Site

95
Q

What site is recommended for vaccinations in adults?

A

The Deltoid Muscle

96
Q

Should you ever pull back the plunger of a syringe (for 5–10 seconds) after inserting the needle, prior to injecting the medicine (Aspirate)?

A

Nope

Final Exam Prep (18 decks)

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