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NMF: Psychiatry > Medication > Flashcards

Medication Flashcards

1
Q

How do antipsychotics work?

A

dopamine receptor antagonist

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2
Q

What are the two classes of antipsychotic?

A

first and second generation

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3
Q

How do first generation antipsychotics work?

A

D2 receptor antagonists primarily

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4
Q

What are the side-effects of first generation antipsychotics ?

A

extra-pyramidal se

elevated prolactin

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5
Q

What are extra-pyramidal side effects?

A

dystonia
parkinsonism
akathisia
tardive dyskinesia

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6
Q

What is dystonia?

A

involuntary muscle contraction

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7
Q

What is akathisia?

A

inner restlessness

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8
Q

What is tardive dyskinesia?

A

stiff jerky movements of the face eg blinking, sticking out tongue

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9
Q

Are first or second generation antipsychotics better for negative symptoms?

A

second

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10
Q

How do second generation anti-psychotics work?

A

Lower D2 receptor affinity.

High serotonin/dopamine binding ratio.

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11
Q

What side-effects do second generation antipsychotics have?

A

inc risk of metabolic abnormality eg. obesity, inc cholesterol, inc bp, diabetes

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12
Q

SE os antipsychotics

A 
extrapyramidal
neurleptic malignant syndrome
prolonged QT
hyperprolactin
metabolic syndrome
anticholinergic
hyponatraemia
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13
Q

What risk does clozapine have?

A

agranulocytosis

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14
Q

Which types of drugs diffuse effectively over the blood brain barrier?

A

lipophilic

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15
Q

What is a monoamine?

A

neurotransmitter inc dopamine, serotonin and noradrenaline

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16
Q

How do antidepressants work?

A

inhibit a specific monoamine reuptake

17
Q

What is serotonin responsible for?

A

mood
sleep
feeding
pain

18
Q

What is dopamine responsible for?

A

arousal and emotion

19
Q

How do tricyclic antidepressants work?

A

block the reuptake of serotonin and noradrenaline in the presynaptic cleft

20
Q

What are the side-effects of TCA?

A

Anticholinergic: dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, urinary retention

weight gain
postural hypotension
arrythmia

21
Q

How do SSRIs work?

A

selectively inhibit reuptake of 5ht from the presynaptic cleft

22
Q

What are the side-effects of SSRI?

A 
nausea
transient inc in self harm/suicidal ideation
sweating
hyponatraemia
sexual dysfunction
23
Q

How does mirtazapine work?

A

blocks 5HT2 5HT3 and A2

24
Q

What are important side effects of mirtazapine?

A

weight gain and sedation

25
Q

What are the side-effects of lithium?

A 
strange taste in mouth
polydipsia and polyuria
weight gain
tremor
hypothyroid
dec renal function
26
Q

What are the signs of lithium toxicity?

A 
vomiting, diarrhoea
ataxia
course tremor
drowsiness
convulsions

NMF: Psychiatry (10 decks)

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