Medical Terminology Unit 8 Flashcards
1
Q
Neutrophil
A
60-70% of all WBC’s in blood. Powerful phagocytes, increased in bacterial infections and inflammation.
2
Q
Lymphocyte
A
20-25% of all WBC’s in blood. Increased in viral infections.
3
Q
Monocyte
A
3-8% of all WBC’s in blood. Differentiate into macrophages (phagocytes) present in chronic inflammation.
4
Q
Eosinophil
A
2-4% of all WBC’s in blood. Allergic reactions, parasitic infections.
5
Q
Basophil
A
0.5-1% of all WBC’s in blood. Function is poorly understood, increased in chronic inflammation.
6
Q
ana-
A
up, towards, or against
7
Q
angi/o
A
blood vessel
8
Q
vascul/o
A
blood vessel
9
Q
vas/o
A
blood vessel
10
Q
apher/o
A
withdrawal
11
Q
aort/o
A
aorta
12
Q
arteri/o
A
artery
13
Q
ather/o
A
plaque, fatty substance, narrowing
14
Q
atri/o
A
atrium, upper chamber of the heart
15
Q
brady-
A
slow
16
Q
cardi/o
A
heart
17
Q
coron/o
A
heart
18
Q
-cardia
A
heart condition
19
Q
cerebr/o
A
cerebrum
20
Q
coagul/o
A
coagulation, clotting
21
Q
cyan/o
A
blue
22
Q
cyt/o
A
cells, increase in cells
23
Q
-ectasis
A
a dilation or expansion
24
Q
embol/o
A
blockage, obstruction, plug, embolus
25
emia
blood condition
26
erythr/o
red
27
-globin
protein
28
hemat/o
blood
29
hem/o
blood
30
immun/o
immunity, immune
31
isch/o
hold back, block
32
leuk/o
white
33
lymph/o
lymphatic system/tissue
34
-lysis
separation, destruction, loosening
35
-megaly
enlargement
36
myel/o
muscle
37
my/o
muscle
38
-ole
small, minute
39
-ule
small, minute
40
-oma
tumor
41
path/o
disease
42
-pathy
disease
43
pector/o
chest
44
-penia
deficiency
45
perfus/o
blood flow
46
-phagia
swallowing, eating
47
-phil
love, affinity for
48
-phylaxis
protection
49
phleb/o
vein
50
ven/o
vein
51
-poiesis
blood formation
52
pulmon/o
lungs
53
-rrhage
excessive flow
54
-rraphy
suture
55
rrhythm/o
rhythm
56
scler/o
hardening
57
-scopy
process of looking
58
sept/o
septum
59
septic/o
infected, decay
60
-spasm
involuntary contraction
61
splen/o
spleen
62
-static
lack of movement
63
tachy-
fast
64
thromb/o
clot; thrombus - blood clot
65
thym/o
thymus
66
tonsil/o
tonsil
67
valvul/o
valve
68
varic/o
dilated vein
69
vas/o
vessel
70
ventricul/o
ventricle, lower chamber of the heart
71
vol/o
volume
72
AIDS
a disease in which there is a severe loss of the body's cellular immunity, greatly lowering the resistance to infection and malignancy
73
anaphylaxis
life threatening immune response to foreign substance that causes rapid inflammation, vasodilation, and bronchospasms
74
aneurysm
widening and ballooning of the blood vessel, weaking the blood vessel wall
75
angina pectoris
chest pain
76
anemia
pathological reduction of RBC characterized by patient weakness and fatigue
77
aplastic anemia
RBC's not being formed in sufficient quantities
78
hemolytic anemia
destruction of RBC
79
iron deficiency anemia
inadequate iron intake
80
pernicious anemia
vitamin B deficiency affecting RBC production
81
Sickle cell Anemia
misshaped RBC's causing obstructions
82
Antibody
substance produced by body due to presence of an antigen
83
antigen
substance that causes the body to produce antibodies
84
aortic regurgitation
backflow of blood from the aorta into the heart; caused by weak heart valve
85
atrial fibrilliation
quivering or spontaneous contraction of the atrium.
86
atrial septatl defect
flaw in the atrial septum
87
autoimmune disease
disease caused by the immune system attacking healthy tissue.
88
cardiac arrest
cessation of circulation
89
congestive cardiomyopathy
heart cavity unable to pump all blood out of it, heart wall becomes stretched causing weak/slow pumping of blood.
90
coronary artery bypass graft
borrowed piece of blood vessel to bypass narrowed or blocked coronary artery and improve blood supply to the heart
91
coronary artery disease
an abnormal condition that may affect the heart's coronary arteries and circulation which can cause damage to the tissue.
92
Deep vein thrombosis
formation of blood clot located in the deeper veins of the body, usually the lower extremity
93
ecchymosis
discoloration of the skin caused by bruising
94
embolus
any form of matter that begins to form in circulation (air bubble, blood clot, and/or plaques)
95
Epstein-Barr virus
virus that causes mononucleosis
96
hemophilia
inability for the blood to clot due to a hereditary lack of blodd clotting factors.
97
hemorrhage
blood loss from a ruptured blood vessel.
98
Hodgkin lymphoma
a type of cancer affecting the lymphatic system involving uncontrolled growth of lymphocytes.
99
hypertension
abnormally high blood pressure
100
Holter monitor
a small portable device worn by a patient during normal activity to obtain a record of cardiac arrhythmia.
101
human immunodeficiency virus
a virus that attacks the immune system and suppresses the immune response which then progresses into AIDS
102
immunocompromised
having an impaired immune system that does not respond normally or completely to a pathogen or disease.
103
ischemia
reduced blood flow
104
leukemia
cancer of the blood or bone marrow, characterized by abnormal increase of white blood cells.
105
lymphedema
swelling caused by accumulation of lymph, usually in the extremities.
106
malaise
vague feeling of bodily discomfort which may be first indication of infection or disease.
107
measles
a viral infection causing a red, blotchy rash; can be fatal in small children.
108
mononucleosis
a disease caused by the Epstein-Barr virus, transmitted through saliva and characterized by fatigue, rash, and swollen glands.
109
mumps
a viral infection that affects the salivary glands
110
murmur
abnormal heart sound due to inability of heart valves to close completely during contractions.
111
myocardial infarction
heart attack, death of heart muscle tissue
112
occlusion
closing or blockage of a package
113
palpitation
an abnormal rapid or irregular beating of the heart
114
pancytopenia
deficiency of all cellular components of the blood
115
pericardial effusion
extra fluid collecting between the heart and pericardium causing pressure on the heart
116
petechiae
small bruising of the skin
117
polycythemia
abnormal increase of red blood cells which risk clots
118
pulmonary circulation
circulation of blood from heart to lungs
119
rubella
a viral infection causing a distinctive red rash and fever
120
rheumatic heart disease
a streptococcal infection that causes damage to the valves and heart muscles
121
systemic circulation
circulation of blood from heart to entire body
122
ventricular septal defect
flaw in the septum between the ventricles
123
anastomosis
surgical procedure that connects multiple blood vessels
124
angioplasty
surgical repair or unblocking of a blood vessel, especially with the coronary artery.
125
antianginal
medication used to relive chest pain, treats angina pectoris symptoms
126
blood pressure
force exerted by blood on the wall of blood vessels
127
bruit
a soft-blowing sound caused by turbulent blood flow
128
cardiac catheterization
procedure that temporary circulates or oxygenates a patient's blood during open heart surgery.
129
cardiotonic
medication that increases the strength of the heart contractions.
130
cardiopulmonary resuscitation
basic life support CPR
131
cardioversion
returning the heart to normal cardiac rhythm by delivering a brief electrical discharge across the chest.
132
coronary circulation
circulation of blood from the heart to itself via the coronary arteries
133
diastolic pressure
pressure exerted on blood vessels when the heart is relaxed (filling with blood.)
134
stress electrocardiogram
image of the heart produced by soundwaves while a patient increases physical stress during exercise
135
hematocrit
test to separate blood to determine the ration of red blood cells to blood plasma.
136
hematopoiesis
production of blood cells within bone marrow
137
hemoglobin
iron and protein structure found within red blood cells that bind to oxygen molecules and give the cell a red pigment.
138
percutaneous coronary intervention
alternative treatment for coronary artery that passes instruments up a patient's blood vessel into the heart, also known as an angioplasty.
139
sclerotherapy
chemical injection into varicose vein that cause inflammation and forms a fibrous tissue which closes the vein
140
sphygmomanometer
equipment used to measure blood pressure
141
systolic pressure
pressure exerted on blood vessels when the heart is contracted
142
transfusion
infusion of blood from another source into a patient.
143
troponin 1 test
a blood test that measures a protein that is released into the blood by damaged heart muscle.
144
vasoconstrictor
drug that narrows the diameter of a blood vessel; increases blood pressure
145
vasopressor
drug that narrows the diameter of a blood vessel; increases blood pressure
146
vasodilator
drug that causes an expansion of a blood vessel; decreases blood pressure.
147
AA
abdominal aortic aneurysm
148
A-Fib
atrial fibrillation
149
AV
atrioventricular
150
AIDS
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
151
AED
automatic external defibrillator
152
ALL
acute lymphobastic leukemia
153
AML
acute myeloid leukemia
154
ASD
atrial septal defect
155
BMT
bone marrow transplant
156
CA
cardiac arrest
157
CABG
coronary artery bypass graft
158
CAD
coronary artery disease
159
CC
cardiac catheterization
160
CHF
congestive heart failure
161
CML
chronic myeloid leukemia
162
CO
cardia output
163
DVT
deep vein thrombosis
164
ECHO
echocardiogram
165
EKG
electrocardiogram
166
Hct
hematocit
167
Hgb
hemoglobin
168
HIV
human immunodeficiency virus
169
HR
heart rate
170
IVIG
intravenous immunoglobin
171
IVC
inferior vena cava
172
IVS
interventricular septum
173
LA
left atrium
174
LV
left ventricle
175
MI
myocaridal infarction
176
MVP
mitral valve prolapse
177
NSR
normal sinus rhythm
178
PCI
percutaneous coronary intervention
179
PLT
platelet count
180
RA
right atrium
181
RBC
red blood cell
182
RV
right ventricle
183
SA
sinoatrial
184
SV
stroke volume
185
SVC
superior vena cava
186
TEE
transesophageal echocardiogram
187
VSD
ventricular septal defect
188
WBC
white blood cell
