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CV Perfusion Tech I > Medical Terminology (P-Z) > Flashcards

Medical Terminology (P-Z) Flashcards

1
Q

P50

A

hemoglobin P50, the partial pressure of oxygen where hemoglobin is 50% saturated with oxygen, normally about 27mmHg

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2
Q

PA

A

pulmonary artery

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3
Q

PAC

A

premature atrial contraction

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4
Q

PaO2

A

the partial pressure exerted by O2 dissolved in arterial (a) plasma and RBC water, (in the venous blood- PvO2)

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5
Q

PFO

A

patent foramen ovale

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6
Q

PaCO2

A

the partial pressure exerted by CO2 dissolved in arterial (a) plasma and RBC water, (in venous blood- PvCO2)

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7
Q

palliative

A

to relieve the symptoms of without fixing or repairing the underlying condition

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8
Q

partial pressure

A

the pressure exerted by a gas dissolved in plasma and RBC water, for example PO2 is the partial pressure exerted by dissolved oxygen

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9
Q

pCO2

A

The partial pressure (tension) exerted by CO2 in mmHg. The respiratory component. CO2 is produced by metabolism and carried by the blood to the lungs where it diffuses into the alveoli and is eliminated by exhaled breath. The amount of CO2 dissolved in the blood is measured by the partial pressure it exerts and is reported in mmHg. When CO2 dissolves in H20 it combines to form H2CO2 the most important acid in the body. The [H2CO2] is directly proportional to the CO2 dissolved in the blood (paCO2) and the paCO@ is component of the acid-base balance. As w. pH, the body maintains the pCO2 within strict limits. THe normal pCO2 is 35-45 mmHg with a mean of 40 mmHg

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10
Q

PCWP

A

pulmonary capillary wedge pressure

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11
Q

PDA

A
  1. patent ductus arteriosus

2. posterior descending artery

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12
Q

PE

A
  1. pulmonary embolus
  2. pulmonary edema
  3. peripheral edema
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13
Q

PTCA

A

percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty; compression of an athromatous lesion by inflating an intracoronary balloon catheter to dilate the vessel

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14
Q

PERLA

A

pupils equal and reactive to light and accomodation

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15
Q

perfusion

A
  1. flowing over or through
  2. blood flow through the organs and tissue of the body
  3. the profession of the study and implementation of blood flow through an extracorporeal circuit for life support
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16
Q

perfusion scan

A

a test to determine the status of blood flow to an organ

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17
Q

perfusion balloon angioplasty

A

a variation of PTCA in which a catheter is inserted in the artery that permits blood flow during balloon inflation

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18
Q

perfusionist

A

see perfusion technologist

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19
Q

perfusion technologist

A

perfusionist; the health professional educated to operate the heart lung machine and other life support devices

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20
Q

peri-

A

surrounding, around

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21
Q

pericardium

A

the tough non-elastic membrane surrounding the heart that attached to the great vessels and other anatomical structures in the mediastinum

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22
Q

pericarditis

A

inflammation of the pericardium

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23
Q

pH

A

the inverse log of the hydrogen ion activity; a measure of hte alkalinity or acidity of hte blood or solution on a 14 point scale with 1 being acidic and 14 being alkaline. The body normally maintains the [H+] and therefore the pH within very strict limits. Normal pH is 7.35-7.45 with a mean of 7.40

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24
Q

pH2O

A

water vapor pressure, the partial pressure exerted by the presence of water vapor

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25
Q

phagocyte

A

a while blood cell that engulfs and destroys foreign organisms and debris in the blood

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26
Q

pharmacologic stress test

A

a test of heart function during intentional drug-induced stress

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27
Q

pH stat

A

ventilation scheme where the total CO2 increases as the temperature falls and the temperature corrected ABG appears normal. So called because the temperature-corrected, actual blood pH equals 7.40 during all temperatures of CPB.

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28
Q

PI

A

pulmonary insufficiency

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29
Q

PICU

A

pediatric intensive care unit

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30
Q

PJC

A

premature junctional contractions

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31
Q

pK

A

a constant that describes the rate or degree to which a chemical reaction goes to completion, depending on temperature and pH

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32
Q

plasma free hemoglobin

A

hemoglobin released from dying or damaged RBCs

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33
Q

plasma

A

the acellular, colorless liquid portion of the blood

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34
Q

plasmin

A

the substance found in the blood that digests fibrin resulting in a clot dissolution

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35
Q

plasminogen

A

the precursor to plasmin that is activated by tissue plasminogen activator (TPA)

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36
Q

platelet

A

thrombocyte

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37
Q

PND

A

paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

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38
Q

pO2

A

partial pressure of oxygen; oxygen is used by the body as a metabolic substrate to produce energy. A constant supply of oxygen is needed to maintain living tissue. 21% of the air we breath is oxygen and at sea level it exerts a pO2 of ~159mmHg. The air is taken into lungs with each inhalation and moved into the alveoli where the pO2 is ~100mmHg. The O2 diffuses into the blood and dissolves in teh plasma where it exerts a pO2 of ~95mmHg. In normal arterial blood with a pO2 of ~95mmHg the blood is ~98% saturated with oxygen. THe oxygen is carried to the tissue by the blood and by the time the venous blood returns to the lungs it has a pO2 of ~40 mmHG and is ~75% saturated. The paO2 is assessed on the ABG to provide a measure of the arterial oxygenation.

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39
Q

poikilothermic

A

cold blooded; heterothermic; animals whose body temperature changes with the environment.

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40
Q

polycythemia

A

a serious condition characterized by too many RBCs in the circulation

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41
Q

pooled platelets

A

platelets collected from multiple donors and mixed together for use in transfusion

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42
Q

post-MI angina

A

angina occurring from 1 to 60 days after an acute MI

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43
Q

PR interval

A

ECG PR segment, interval of time between the P wave and the R wave on the ECG

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44
Q

prime (pump)

A
  1. to fill the extracorporeal circuit with fluid
  2. the fluid that is required to initially fill and debubble the extracorporeal circuit before connection to the patient’s vascular system
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45
Q

prinzmetal’s angina

A

variant angina, a clinical syndrome of rest pain and resersible ST-segment elevation without subsequent enzyme evidence of acute MI. In some patients the cause of this syndrome appears to be coronary vasospasm alone of ten at the site of an insignificant coronary plaque, btu a majority of patients with variant angina have angiographically significant CAD

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46
Q

PS

A

pulmonary valvular stenosis

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47
Q

PT

A

prothrombin time, protime

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48
Q

PTCA

A

percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty

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49
Q

PTT

A

partial thromboplastin time

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50
Q

pulmonary

A

referring to the lung or the bicuspid valve separating the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery to prevent back flow into the ventricular during diastole

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51
Q

pulmonary edema

A

condition, usually acute, but sometime chronic, where fluid builds up in the lungs. This often occurs as a response to left ventricular failure in ischemic heart disease, hypertension, or aortic valve disease

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52
Q

pulmonary atresia

A

small or underdeveloped pulmonary valve

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53
Q

pulmonary insufficiency

A

pulmonary valvular incompetence; back flow or regurgitation of flow through the pulmonary valve during ventricular diastole

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54
Q

pulmonary stenosis

A

pulmonary valvular stenosis; narrowing of the normal area of the pulmonary valve causing a pressure drop across the valve during left ventricular systole

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55
Q

pump

A
  1. the blood propulsion device included in the extracorporeal circuit to replace the left ventricular function
  2. slang for the heart
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56
Q

pumptech

A
  1. slang for the technologist that is a perfusionist
  2. a technician that is responsible for operating heart lung machine during surgery
  3. a member of the “pump team”
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57
Q

PV

A

pulmonary valve

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58
Q

PVC

A

premature ventricular contraction

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59
Q

PVD

A

peripheral vascular diease

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60
Q

PVR

A
  1. pulmonary vascular resistance
  2. peripheral vascular resistance
  3. pulmonary valve repair
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61
Q

Pulmonary vascular resistance

A

resistance to the flow of blood through the pulmonary vascular beds

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62
Q

Peripheral vascular resistance

A

resistance to the flow of blood through the peripheral vascular beds

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63
Q

Pulmonary valve repair (or replacement)

A

open heart surgery to repair or replace a diseased pulmonary valve with a prosthesis or artificial heart valve

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64
Q

QIP

A

quality improvement process

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65
Q

RA

A

right atrium

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66
Q

radionuclide test

A

a diagnostic test in which a radioactive substance is injected into the bloodstream and the emitted radioactivity is detected by a scanner; used to visualize the heart and vessels

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67
Q

RBBB

A

right bundle branch block

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68
Q

RBC

A

red blood cell; erythrocyte

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69
Q

RCA

A

right coronary artery

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70
Q

renal

A

referring to the kidney(s)

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71
Q

renal failure

A

failure of the kidney to cleanse the blood causing the build up of waste products in the blood

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72
Q

respiration

A

the chemical processes that occur at the tissue cellular level converting oxygen and water to heat, ATP and carbon dioxide

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73
Q

respiratory acidosis

A

an abnormal physiology process in which there is a primary reduction in alveolar ventilation relative to the rate of CO2 production. Reflected by a high pCO2 and low pH. (pCO2 greater than 45 mmHg) Treat by increasing ventilation

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74
Q

respiratory alkalosis

A

an abnormal physiological process in which there is a primary increase in the rate of alveolar ventilation relative to the rate of CO2 production. reflected by the low pco2 and high pH. (pco2 less than 35 mmHg) treat by decreasing ventilation

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75
Q

re-stenosis

A

the recurrence of a stenosis

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76
Q

retrograte

A

against the normal direction of flow

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77
Q

revascularization

A

restoration, to the extent possible, of normal blood flow to the myocardium by surgical or percutaneous means or with removal or reduction of an obstruction as occurs when CABG or PTCA is performed

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78
Q

RH

A

relative humidity

79
Q

Rh

A

rhesus monkey factor

80
Q

RHD

A

rheumatic heart disease

81
Q

RIMA

A

right internal mammary artery

82
Q

RISC

A

research group on instability in coronary artery disease

83
Q

Risk

A

high, intermediate, and low risk in this guideline refer to the probability of future adverse cardiac events, particularly death or MI

84
Q

RITA

A

randomized intervention treatment of angina

85
Q

RM

A

right main coronary artery

86
Q

RRR

A

regular rate and rhythm

87
Q

RV

A

right ventricle

88
Q

RVH

A

right ventricular hyperthrophy

89
Q

Rx

A

therapy or treatment

90
Q

SA node

A

sinoatrial node

91
Q

SBP

A

systolic blood pressure

92
Q

SCOPA

A

south carolina organ procurement agency

93
Q

sed. rate

A

erythrocyte sedimentation rate

94
Q

SEM

A

systolic ejection murmur

95
Q

SGOT

A

serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (AST)

96
Q

SGPT

A

serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase

97
Q

shock

A

acute peripheral circulatory failure due to derangement of circulatory control or loss of circulating fluid, marked by hypotension, coldness of skin, usually tachycardia, and often anxiety; decreased cardiac output

98
Q

sinus node

A

bundle of excitatory tissue found in the right atrium that functions as the pacemaker of the heart

99
Q

Sinus of Valsalva

A

the portion of the aortic root just distal to the aortic valve containing the coronary ostia

100
Q

sO2

A

percent saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen, in the arterial blood- SaO2, in the venous blood- SvO2

101
Q

solubility

A

the ability of a gas to dissolve into plasma and RBC water

102
Q

S tach

A

sinus tachycardia

103
Q

stenosis

A

a narrowing or blockage of a coronary artery

104
Q

STICU

A

surgical trauma intensive care unit

105
Q

sublingual

A

beneath the tongue

106
Q

supraventricular arrythmia

A

an irregular heart beat that originates in the atria or AV node

107
Q

SV

A

a device placed in an vessel to keep it open, coronary stent

108
Q

SV

A

stroke volume

109
Q

SVC SVC

A

superior vena cava

110
Q

SVG

A

saphenous vein graft

111
Q

SvO2

A

mixed venous oxygen saturation

112
Q

SVR

A

systemic vascular resistance MAP-CVP/CO

113
Q

SV tach

A

supraventricular tachycardia

114
Q

systole

A

referring to the period of time during contraction of the ventricles

115
Q

TAPVR

A

total anomalous pulmonary venous return

116
Q

TEE

A

transesophageal echocardiography, a doppler echcardiographic transducer is inserted in the esophagus to visualize the lungs, heart and great vessels

117
Q

technician

A

a person high skilled in a certain field or process

118
Q

technologist

A

a person who applies scientific knowledge in a specialized field or process

119
Q

temperature correction

A

the mathematical process to correct for the physicial changes the pH, pO2, pCO2 go through when a blood sample is warmed or cooled in vitro during analysis.

120
Q

tetrology of fallot (TOF)

A

congential heart condition characterized by: 1. over riding aorta 2. VSD 3. RV outflow tract obstruction and 3. PDA, if asd is present the condition is called a “pentology of fallot”

121
Q

TGA

A

transposition of the great arteries

122
Q

thebesian veins

A

the small veins termination into the right sided chambers of the heart draining the right coronary circulation of the heart

123
Q

thrombocytopenia

A

abnormal decrease in number of the blood platelets

124
Q

thrombocyte

A

platelet; the small, disc shaped enucleated body found in the blood that initiates the coagulation process

125
Q

thrombolytic therapy

A

pharmacologic treatment with a class of drugs that can break up fibrin blood clots

126
Q

thrombus

A

blood clot, blood that has gone from a liquid state to a gel to stop bleeding

127
Q

tricuspid atresia

A

small or underdeveloped tricuspid valve

128
Q

TI

A

tricuspid insufficiency

129
Q

TM

A

thrombolysis in myocardial infarction

130
Q

TIA

A

transient ischemic attack

131
Q

TOF

A

tetrology of fallot

132
Q

total CO2 content

A

consists of hco3-, h2co3 and dissolved co2 (pco2). since co2 and h2co3 are interchangable total co2= dissolved co2 gas +hco3- or total co2 = hco3- + (0.03 *pco2). (The co2 solubility coefficient, 0.03, converts pco2 in mm/L to meq/L) in normal plasma, more than 95% of the total co2 is contributed by hco3-, the other 5% by dissolved co2 and h2co3

133
Q

TPA

A

tissue plasminogen activator; a substance that converts plasminogen to plasmin to dissolve clot

134
Q

TR

A

tricuspid regurgitation

135
Q

trans-

A

across or through

136
Q

transcutaneous

A

through the skin

137
Q

transfusion

A

the injection of whole blood of blood products into the blood stream

138
Q

transvenous pacemaker

A

cardiac pacemaker using a pacing electrode or wire passed through a vein into the chambers of the heart that stimulates and maintains a normal heart rate; may be permanent or temporary

139
Q

triage

A

screening and classification of sick, wounded, or injured persons to determine priority of need and proper place of treatment

140
Q

tricuspid valve

A

the valve between the right atrium and the right ventricle

141
Q

TS

A

tricuspid stenosis; stenosis of the tricuspid valve

142
Q

tunica

A

in anatomy, a general term for a membrane or other structure covering or lining a body part or organ

t. adventitia the outer coat of various tubular structures including blood vessels
t. initima- the innermost coat of a blood vessel
t. media the middle coat of a blood vessel

143
Q

TV

A

tricuspid valve

144
Q

UAC

A

umbilical artery catheter

145
Q

UO

A

urine output

146
Q

ultrafiltration

A

the separation of fluid and electrolytes from the blood be seiving across a porous membrane

147
Q

unstable angina

A

angina or chest pain that occurs at rest, new onset of pain with exertion, or pain that has accelerated (more frequent, longer in duration, or lower inthreshold)

148
Q

VA

A

veterans administration

149
Q

VAD

A

ventricular assist device; a blood propulsion devices or ECCS to assist the failing right or left ventricles

150
Q

valvuloplasty

A

surgical repair of a cardiac valve

151
Q

valvulotomy

A

to make an incision into a diseased and stenosed cardiac valve to increase the valve area

152
Q

variant angina

A

prinzmetal’s angina, a clinical syndrome of rest pain and reversible St-segment elevation without subsequent enzyme evidence of acute MI. In some patients, the cause of this syndrome appears to be coronary vasospasm alone often at the site of an insignificant coronary plaque, but a majority of patients with variant angina have angiographically significant CAD

153
Q

vaso vasorum

A

the small blood vessels providing nutrient blood flow to large arteries and veins

154
Q

vascular

A

pertaining to blood vessels or indicative of a copious blood supply

155
Q

vasoconstrict

A

the arterioles decrease in diameter restricting blood flow to an organ or portion of the body

156
Q

vasodilate

A

the arterioles increase in diameter allowing more blood flow

157
Q

vein

A

a blood vessel that carries blood toward the heart; veins usually carry deoxygenated blood

158
Q

vena cava(e)

A

the large vein(s) collecting the venous return from the head, neck and shoulders (superior vena cava) and the legs and gut (IVC) draining into the right atrium of the heart

159
Q

ventilation

A

the movement of gas in and out of the lungs to facilitate blood oxygenation and co2 removal

160
Q

ventricle

A

small cavity or chamber, as in the brain or heart right v. the lower chamber of the right side of the heart, which pumps venous blood through the pulmonary trunk and arteries to the capillaries of the lung

161
Q

ventriculography

A

a procedure for visualization of ventricles of the heart by x-ray after injection of a radio opaque contrast dye

162
Q

V-fib

A

ventricular fibrillation

163
Q

von willebrand disease

A

coagulation disorder caused by lack of or non functional von willebrand factor

164
Q

VSD

A

ventricular septal defect

165
Q

v tach

A

ventricular tachycardia

166
Q

VWF

A

von willbrand factor

167
Q

WBC

A

white blood cell(s), leukocyte(s); neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes

168
Q

WNL

A

within normal limits

169
Q

XC

A

cross clamp

170
Q

xenograft

A

tissue taken from another species, treated and implanted

171
Q

Y connector

A

bifurcation junction resembling alphabet “Y” used for dividing or merging the flow through two pieces of tubing

172
Q

cenesis

A

puncture of aspirate

173
Q

desis

A

fusion

174
Q

ectomy

A

surgical excision of (removal)

175
Q

lysis

A

freeing of

176
Q

orrhaphy

A

repair of

177
Q

oscopy

A

examination of an organ by viewing

178
Q

otomy

A

cutting into an organ by viewing

179
Q

otomy

A

cutting into an organ or tissue

180
Q

pexy

A

to fix or suture in place

181
Q

plasty

A

restoration of a lost part or piece of tissue

182
Q

ante

A

before

183
Q

anti

A

against

184
Q

auto

A

self

185
Q

hyper

A

above

186
Q

hypo

A

below

187
Q

hetero

A

other

188
Q

homo

A

same

189
Q

inter

A

between, among

190
Q

intra

A

within, inside

191
Q

post

A

after

192
Q

pre

A

before

193
Q

retro

A

behind

CV Perfusion Tech I (5 decks)

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