Medical Terminology (D-O) Flashcards
1
Q
D1 or D2
A
diagonal branch of the LAD artery
2
Q
D5W
A
Dextrose 5% in water
3
Q
DBP
A
Diastolic Blood Pressure
4
Q
D/C
A
Discontinue/ Discharge
5
Q
Defib
A
Defibrillate
6
Q
DHCA
A
deep hypothermic circulatory arrest
7
Q
Dialysis
A
the process of separating crystalloids and in solution by difference in rates of their diffusion through a semipermeable membrane, used to remove metabolites and toxins from body fluids
8
Q
Diastole
A
referring to the period of time during relaxation of the ventricle(s)
9
Q
DILV
A
Double inlet left ventricle
10
Q
DIC
A
Disseminated Intrvascular Coagulapathy an abnormal process that occurs when clot formation and clot lysis occurs simutaneously in the microcirculation
11
Q
Diffusion
A
the spontaneous mixing of the molecules of two or more substances from an area of high concentration to low, resulting from random thermal motion: it;s rate is proportional to the concentrations of the substances and increases with the temperature
12
Q
DKS
A
Darmus-Kay-Stansel
13
Q
DM
A
Diabetes Mellitus
14
Q
DORV
A
Double Outlet Right Ventricle
15
Q
DOLV
A
Double Outlet Left Ventricle
16
Q
DVT
A
Deep Vein Thrombosis
17
Q
dx
A
diagnosis
18
Q
dyspnea
A
shortness of breath, difficulty breathing
19
Q
EAST
A
Emory Angioplasty Study Trial
20
Q
ECA
A
External Carotid Artery
21
Q
ECC
A
Extra-Corporeal circulation (or circuit); the propulsion of the blood outside the body to perform an artificial organ function
22
Q
ECCO2R
A
Extra-Corporeal Carbon Dioxide Removal; the agressive remocal of carbon dioxide freom a portion of the venous blood before it enteres the right atrium to provide support to patient in respiratory failure
23
Q
ECD
A
Endocardial Cushion Defect
24
Q
ECG
A
Electrocardiogram
25
ECHO
Echocardiogram
26
Echocardiography
the process of reflecting ultrasound doppler signals off the heart and surrounding anatomical structures to visualize cardiac activity and structure, and acilitate diagnosis
27
ECMO
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, the process of propelling blood outside the body (often in neonates, or newborns) to perform artificial ventilation of the blood with a blood oxygenator that allows for diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide across a continuous membrane material separating gas and blood
28
ECT
Extracorporeal Circulation Technology the study of maintaining blood flow outside the body to perform artificial organs(s) fuction
29
-ectomy
to surgically excise
30
EEG
electroencephalogram
31
EF
Ejection Fraction the percent of the left ventricular volume that is ejected in one cardiac contraction; stroke volume divided by ventricular end-diastolic volume
32
EKG
electrocardiogram
33
embolus
a small solid particle or gas bubble that is carried in the blood flow stream; (plural is emboli)
34
EMT
1. Emergency Medical Transport 2. Emergency Medical Technician 3. YOU :)
35
endothelium
the monocellular lining of blood vessels, hear and lymphatic system
36
erythrocyte
a mature red blood cell that contains molecular hemoglobin
37
erythropoesis
the process by which bone marrow produces red blood cells and other cellular elements
38
ET
endotrachial tube
39
exercise tolerance testing
AKA: Stress Test a diagnostic test in which the patient exercises on a treadmill, bicycle or other equipment while heart activity is monitored by ECG
40
Extracorporeal
outside the body
41
extravascular
outside the vascular system, or fluid that is contained in the interstitial space
42
FFP
Fresh Frozen Plasma the non-cellular component of donor blood that is removed and frozen for later transfusion to treat hypocoagulable
43
FTT
Failure To Thrive
44
Fibirin
the insoluble protien formed in the blood to produce clot by the action of thrombin on fibrinogen
45
Fibrinogen
the protien produced in the liver, present in the blood that is the precursor to fibrin in the clotting process
46
fistula
a duct or other passage formed surgically or by the imperfect closing of a wound or abscess and leading either to the body surface or to another hollow organ AV fistula- a fistula connecting an artery and vein bypassing the capillary bed, often surgically placed in patients undegoing renal dialysis
47
FiO2
farction of inspired oxygen the percent concentration of oxygen in the gas entering the lungs, ventilator or a blood oxygenator
48
GEA
gastroepiploic artery
49
GI
gastrointestinal
50
GME
gaseous microemboli; a small embolus of gas that is carried in the blood flow stream
51
great vessels
the large arteries and veins arising from the heart and pericardium
52
GTT
glucose tolerance test
53
H+
Hydrogen ion, also known as proton
54
haldane effect
the influence of oxygen on the affinity of hemoglobin to bind with carbon dioxide, increasing the oxygen level decreases the affinity of hemoglobin for carbon dioxide
55
[HCO2-]
bicarbonate ion concentration in mEq/L The bicarbonate ion is the most important base in the body. The amount of HCO2- in the blood is expressed in mEq/L and is regulated by the kidneys. The kidneys regulate [HCO2-] by increasing or decreasing the resorption of HCO2- in the renal tubule. The HCO2- is the metabolic component of the acid-base balance, The normal [HCO2-] is maintained between 22-26mEq/L with a mean of 24 mEq/L.
56
hct
hematocrit
57
HCTZ
hydrochlorothiazide, (type of diueretic)
58
hematocrit
the percent of the blood which is cellular, normally 35-43%
59
hemo-
referring to blood
60
hemoconcentration
the process of removing fluid and electrolytes from the blood to increase the concentration of hemoglobin and red blood cells
61
hemodialysis
the seperation of waste products from the blood by osmosis across a semi-permeable membrane
62
hemodilution
the decrease in the concentration of hemoglobin and red blood cells
63
hemodynamic instability
instability of the blood pressure
64
hemoglobin
the red pigmented complex protein found in the red blood cells that functions to cary oxygen and carbon dioxide
65
hemolysis
the freezing of hemoglobin from the inside of the red blood cell by normal breakdown or mechanical destruction
66
hemostasis
the cessation of bleeding through normal coagulation or by surgical procedure
67
homeothermic
warm blooded; animals whose body temperature are maintained with a narrow range by its metabolic processes
68
homograft
see allograft
69
homologous
referring to the same species, or tissue coming from the same species
70
HR
Heart Rate
71
HTN
Hypertension
72
Hx
History
73
Hydrogen Ions (H+)
ion produced when hydrogen loses an electron, a proton, the ions released when an acid is places in solution such as in water or plasma
74
hyper
above normal
75
hypercapnea
a measurement of an abnormally high CO2 level in the blood, pCO2\>45mmHg
76
hypercholesterilemia
excessive cholesterol in the blood
77
hyperlipidemia
excessive quanity of fat (cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood
78
hyperthermia
temperature above normal
79
hypertrophiccardiomyopathy
disease of the myocardium produced by the enlargement of the cells of the myocardium; the result of increased oxygen demand in ischemic heart disease
80
hypertrophy
enlargement or overgrowth of and organ or part due to increase in size of its constituent cells
81
hypervolemia
blood volume increase above normal
82
hypo
below
83
hypoperfusion
decreased blood flow to an organ or tissue as in shock
84
hypotension
decrease of systoloc and diastolic pressure below normal
85
hypothermia
temperature below normal
86
hypovolemia
decreased blood volume below normal
87
hypoxemia
reduction of oxygen level in the blood below normal
88
hypoxia
reduction of oxygen level in tissues below normal
89
IABP
Intra-aortic balloon pump
90
ICA
internal carotid artery
91
ICS
intercostal space
92
ICU
intensive care unit
93
IDDM
insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
94
immune system
the system of blood cells and chemicals that protects the body from invasion by foreign organisms; the system that produces antibodies in response to antigens
95
in situ
in place; but isolated in a living organism
96
intima
the inner most structure (see tunica intima)
97
in vitrro
in the laboratory or in the test tube outside a living organism
98
interstitial
between cells; the space in the tissues between cells outside the vascular system
99
intra-aortic ballon pump
use of a balloon attached to a catheter inserted through the femoral artery into the descending thoracic aorta for producing alternating inflation and deflation during diastole and systole, respectively
100
I&O (I/O)
intake and output
101
ischemia
the need for oxygen exceeds the supply of oxygen leading to tissue cellular damage and possible death or necrosis
102
ischemic hear disease
a form of hear disease whose primary manifestations result from myocardial ischeima due to atherosclerotic CAD
103
isthmus
a narrow connection between two larger bodies or parts
104
IV
intravenous
105
IVC
inferior vena cava
106
IVCD
interventricular conduction defect
107
JVD
jugular vein distention
108
Konno
Surgical procedure to treat patients with congenital aortic stenosis
109
KVO
Keep Vein Open
110
LA LA
Left Atrium
111
LAD
Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery
112
LBBB
Left Bundle Branch Block
113
LDH
lactate dehydrogenase
114
Left Ventircular Function
function of the main pumping chamber of the heart (left ventricle) that receives blood from the left atrium and pumps it out into the general circulation through the aortic valve
115
Left Main (LM) Disease
stenosis of the left main (LM) coronary artery
116
LIMA
ledt internal mammary artery
117
LLL
Left Lower Lobe
118
LM
Left main coronary artery
119
LV
left ventricle
120
LVH
left ventricular hypertrophy
121
lysis
destruction or decomposition, as of a cell or other substance
122
MAP
mean arterial pressure
123
MB
cardiac muscle
124
mec
meconium
125
media
middle (see tunica media)
126
mediastinum
the mass of tissues and organs separating the sternum in front and the vertebral column behind, containing the heart and its large vessels, trachea, esophagus, thymus, lymph nodes and other structures and tissues
127
metabolic
refers to the process of the chemical reactions at the tissue level
128
metablolic acidosis
abnormal physiological process characterized by the primary gain of strong acid or primary loss of bicarbonate from extracelluar fluid. Reflected by a low [HCO3-] and a low pH. (HCO3- less than 22 mEq/L) Treat by increasing perfusion of tissues and give NaHCO3
129
MI
1. mitral insufficiency; back flow or regulation of flow through the mitral valve during ventricular systole 2. Myocardial Infarction
130
MICU
Medical Intensive Care Unit
131
millequivalent
one thousandths of an equivalent. An equivalent is the amount of a substance (mg or mM) that can enter into a reaction with one mole of hydrogen ions, or replaced one mole of H= in the reaction (gram molecular weight/valence)
132
mitral
referring to the bicuspid valve separating the left atrium and ventricle to prevent back flow into the atrium during ventricular systole
133
mitral regurgitation
abnormal systolic back flow of blood from the left ventricle into the left atrium, resulting from imperfect closure of the mitral valve
134
mitral stenosis
mitral valvular stenosis; narrowing of the normal area of the mitral valve causing a pressure drop across the valve during left ventricular filling
135
modified ultrafiltration
hemoconcentration of patiens blood, post bypass prior to decannulation, using the extracorporeal circuit for blood access
136
mole
the gram molecular weight of any substance, which always contains 6.023 x 1023 molecules of that substance. The number of molecules in one gram molecular weight of the substance. one mole of hydrogen ions, or replace H= in the reaction (gram molecular weight/ valence)
137
MR
mitral regurgitation
138
MS
1. Mitral Stenosis 2. Multiple Sclerosis
139
MUF
Modified Ultrapurification
140
MUGA
multiple gated aquisiton test; a radionuclide test of myocardial performance
141
multivessel disease
disease in two or more of the coronary arteries
142
MV
mitral valve
143
MVR
mitral valve repair or replacement; open heart surgery to repair or replace a diseased mitral valve witha prosthesis or artificial heart valve
144
Myocardial Ischemia
condition in which oxygen delivery to and wate removal from the myocardium falls below normal levels with oxygen demand exceeding supply
145
Myocardial Infarction (MI)
damage to the heart caused by occlusion of one or more of the coronary arteries
146
Myocardium
the muscular wall of the heart located between the inner endocardial layer and the outer epicardial layer
147
necrosis
death of individual cells or groups of cells, or of localized areas of tissue
148
NHLBI
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute
149
NIDDM
Non-insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus
150
Nitrate
a drug whos metabolites produce a relaxation of vascular smooth muscle, causing dilation of the veins reducing preload and myocardial Oxygen Demand (MVO2)
151
Nitrogen
chemical element at no. 7, symbol N, molecular N2. It forms about 78% of the atmosphere and 78% of dissolved gas in the blood
152
N/G
Naso Gastric
153
NICU
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
154
NKA
no known allergies
155
NKDA
no known drug allergies
156
non-Q-wave myocardial infarction
myocardial infarction that is not associated with the evolution of new Q waves on the ECG
157
npo
nothing by mouth
158
NSR
Normal Sinus Rhythm
159
NTGNTG
nitroglycerin
160
OHDC
oxyhemoblobin dissssociation curve
161
obtuse marginal
branches of the circumflex coronary artery
162
OM1 OM2
obtuse marginal
163
osmosis
the passage of pure solvent from a solution of lesser to one of greater solute concentration, when the two solutions are separated by a membrane which is selectively prevents the passage of solute molecules, but is permeable to the solvent
164
osmotic pressure
the negative pressure created by a dissolved non-diffusable substance across a membrane permeable to solvent but not to the solute
165
ostia
opening
166
-otomy
to make a surgical opening into
167
oxygen
chemical element at no. 8, symbol O, molecular O2; an odorless gas that is essential to all plants and animals for respiration
168
oxygenator
an artificial device that functions like a lung to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide with the blood
169
Henderson-Hasselbach Equation
pH=pK + log [HCO3-]/[CO2d][H2CO3] pH=pK + log [HCO3-]/(0.03\*pCO2) (The carbon dioxide solubility coefficient 0.03 converts to pCO2 in mmHg to mm/L, the pK is 6.10 at 37 degrees C. Relates the ratio of the metabolic component to the respiratory component.
170
heparin
a negatively charged polysaccharide normally found in lung or gut mucosa that naturally prolongs the time it takes blood to clot by catalyzing anti=thrombin III
171
hepatic
pertaining to the liver
172
hepatitits
inflammation of the liver usually caused by a virus transmitted by contact or blood transfusion
173
hepatomegaly
enlargement of the liver
174
heterograft
see xenograph
175
heterologous
referring to a different species, or tissue coming from a different species
176
heterothermic
cold blooded; poikilothermic, animals whose body temperature changes with the environment
177
Hgb
hemoglobin
178
hirudin
coagulation inhibitor isolated from leeches, inhibits thrombin without requiring ATIII
179
HIV
human immunodeficiency virus; a retrovirus that converts RNA to DNA and inserts it in the host cell and is responsible for the fatal disease AIDS
180
HLHS
hyperplastic left heart syndrome; congenital defect characterized by atretic underdeveloped or absent left ventricle
181
HMD
hyaline membrane disease
182
H/O
history of
183
homeostasis
the maintenance of a normal state of balance in a physiological system
184
diagonal branch of the LAD artery
D1 or D2
185
Dextrose 5% in water
D5W
186
Diastolic Blood Pressure
DBP
187
Discontinue/ Discharge
D/C
188
Defibrillate
Defib
189
deep hypothermic circulatory arrest
DHCA
190
the process of separating crystalloids and in solution by difference in rates of their diffusion through a semipermeable membrane, used to remove metabolites and toxins from body fluids
Dialysis
191
referring to the period of time during relaxation of the ventricle(s)
Diastole
192
Double inlet left ventricle
DILV
193
Disseminated Intrvascular Coagulapathy an abnormal process that occurs when clot formation and clot lysis occurs simutaneously in the microcirculation
DIC
194
the spontaneous mixing of the molecules of two or more substances from an area of high concentration to low, resulting from random thermal motion: it;s rate is proportional to the concentrations of the substances and increases with the temperature
Diffusion
195
Darmus-Kay-Stansel
DKS
196
Diabetes Mellitus
DM
197
Double Outlet Right Ventricle
DORV
198
Double Outlet Left Ventricle
DOLV
199
Deep Vein Thrombosis
DVT
200
diagnosis
dx
201
shortness of breath, difficulty breathing
dyspnea
202
Emory Angioplasty Study Trial
EAST
203
External Carotid Artery
ECA
204
Extra-Corporeal circulation (or circuit); the propulsion of the blood outside the body to perform an artificial organ function
ECC
205
Extra-Corporeal Carbon Dioxide Removal; the agressive remocal of carbon dioxide freom a portion of the venous blood before it enteres the right atrium to provide support to patient in respiratory failure
ECCO2R
206
Endocardial Cushion Defect
ECD
207
Electrocardiogram
ECG
208
Echocardiogram
ECHO
209
the process of reflecting ultrasound doppler signals off the heart and surrounding anatomical structures to visualize cardiac activity and structure, and acilitate diagnosis
Echocardiography
210
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, the process of propelling blood outside the body (often in neonates, or newborns) to perform artificial ventilation of the blood with a blood oxygenator that allows for diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide across a continuous membrane material separating gas and blood
ECMO
211
Extracorporeal Circulation Technology the study of maintaining blood flow outside the body to perform artificial organs(s) fuction
ECT
212
to surgically excise
-ectomy
213
electroencephalogram
EEG
214
Ejection Fraction the percent of the left ventricular volume that is ejected in one cardiac contraction; stroke volume divided by ventricular end-diastolic volume
EF
215
electrocardiogram
EKG
216
a small solid particle or gas bubble that is carried in the blood flow stream; (plural is emboli)
embolus
217
1. Emergency Medical Transport 2. Emergency Medical Technician 3. YOU :)
EMT
218
the monocellular lining of blood vessels, hear and lymphatic system
endothelium
219
a mature red blood cell that contains molecular hemoglobin
erythrocyte
220
the process by which bone marrow produces red blood cells and other cellular elements
erythropoesis
221
endotrachial tube
ET
222
AKA: Stress Test a diagnostic test in which the patient exercises on a treadmill, bicycle or other equipment while heart activity is monitored by ECG
exercise tolerance testing
223
outside the body
Extracorporeal
224
outside the vascular system, or fluid that is contained in the interstitial space
extravascular
225
Fresh Frozen Plasma the non-cellular component of donor blood that is removed and frozen for later transfusion to treat hypocoagulable
FFP
226
Failure To Thrive
FTT
227
the insoluble protien formed in the blood to produce clot by the action of thrombin on fibrinogen
Fibirin
228
the protien produced in the liver, present in the blood that is the precursor to fibrin in the clotting process
Fibrinogen
229
a duct or other passage formed surgically or by the imperfect closing of a wound or abscess and leading either to the body surface or to another hollow organ AV fistula- a fistula connecting an artery and vein bypassing the capillary bed, often surgically placed in patients undegoing renal dialysis
fistula
230
farction of inspired oxygen the percent concentration of oxygen in the gas entering the lungs, ventilator or a blood oxygenator
FiO2
231
gastroepiploic artery
GEA
232
gastrointestinal
GI
233
gaseous microemboli; a small embolus of gas that is carried in the blood flow stream
GME
234
the large arteries and veins arising from the heart and pericardium
great vessels
235
glucose tolerance test
GTT
236
Hydrogen ion, also known as proton
H+
237
the influence of oxygen on the affinity of hemoglobin to bind with carbon dioxide, increasing the oxygen level decreases the affinity of hemoglobin for carbon dioxide
haldane effect
238
bicarbonate ion concentration in mEq/L The bicarbonate ion is the most important base in the body. The amount of HCO2- in the blood is expressed in mEq/L and is regulated by the kidneys. The kidneys regulate [HCO2-] by increasing or decreasing the resorption of HCO2- in the renal tubule. The HCO2- is the metabolic component of the acid-base balance, The normal [HCO2-] is maintained between 22-26mEq/L with a mean of 24 mEq/L.
[HCO2-]
239
hematocrit
hct
240
hydrochlorothiazide, (type of diueretic)
HCTZ
241
the percent of the blood which is cellular, normally 35-43%
hematocrit
242
referring to blood
hemo-
243
the process of removing fluid and electrolytes from the blood to increase the concentration of hemoglobin and red blood cells
hemoconcentration
244
the seperation of waste products from the blood by osmosis across a semi-permeable membrane
hemodialysis
245
the decrease in the concentration of hemoglobin and red blood cells
hemodilution
246
instability of the blood pressure
hemodynamic instability
247
the red pigmented complex protein found in the red blood cells that functions to cary oxygen and carbon dioxide
hemoglobin
248
the freezing of hemoglobin from the inside of the red blood cell by normal breakdown or mechanical destruction
hemolysis
249
the cessation of bleeding through normal coagulation or by surgical procedure
hemostasis
250
warm blooded; animals whose body temperature are maintained with a narrow range by its metabolic processes
homeothermic
251
see allograft
homograft
252
referring to the same species, or tissue coming from the same species
homologous
253
Heart Rate
HR
254
Hypertension
HTN
255
History
Hx
256
ion produced when hydrogen loses an electron, a proton, the ions released when an acid is places in solution such as in water or plasma
Hydrogen Ions (H+)
257
above normal
hyper
258
a measurement of an abnormally high CO2 level in the blood, pCO2\>45mmHg
hypercapnea
259
excessive cholesterol in the blood
hypercholesterilemia
260
excessive quanity of fat (cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood
hyperlipidemia
261
temperature above normal
hyperthermia
262
disease of the myocardium produced by the enlargement of the cells of the myocardium; the result of increased oxygen demand in ischemic heart disease
hypertrophiccardiomyopathy
263
enlargement or overgrowth of and organ or part due to increase in size of its constituent cells
hypertrophy
264
blood volume increase above normal
hypervolemia
265
below
hypo
266
decreased blood flow to an organ or tissue as in shock
hypoperfusion
267
decrease of systoloc and diastolic pressure below normal
hypotension
268
temperature below normal
hypothermia
269
decreased blood volume below normal
hypovolemia
270
reduction of oxygen level in the blood below normal
hypoxemia
271
reduction of oxygen level in tissues below normal
hypoxia
272
Intra-aortic balloon pump
IABP
273
internal carotid artery
ICA
274
intercostal space
ICS
275
intensive care unit
ICU
276
insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
IDDM
277
the system of blood cells and chemicals that protects the body from invasion by foreign organisms; the system that produces antibodies in response to antigens
immune system
278
in place; but isolated in a living organism
in situ
279
the inner most structure (see tunica intima)
intima
280
in the laboratory or in the test tube outside a living organism
in vitrro
281
between cells; the space in the tissues between cells outside the vascular system
interstitial
282
use of a balloon attached to a catheter inserted through the femoral artery into the descending thoracic aorta for producing alternating inflation and deflation during diastole and systole, respectively
intra-aortic ballon pump
283
intake and output
I&O (I/O)
284
the need for oxygen exceeds the supply of oxygen leading to tissue cellular damage and possible death or necrosis
ischemia
285
a form of hear disease whose primary manifestations result from myocardial ischeima due to atherosclerotic CAD
ischemic hear disease
286
a narrow connection between two larger bodies or parts
isthmus
287
intravenous
IV
288
inferior vena cava
IVC
289
interventricular conduction defect
IVCD
290
jugular vein distention
JVD
291
Surgical procedure to treat patients with congenital aortic stenosis
Konno
292
Keep Vein Open
KVO
293
Left Atrium
LA LA
294
Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery
LAD
295
Left Bundle Branch Block
LBBB
296
lactate dehydrogenase
LDH
297
function of the main pumping chamber of the heart (left ventricle) that receives blood from the left atrium and pumps it out into the general circulation through the aortic valve
Left Ventircular Function
298
stenosis of the left main (LM) coronary artery
Left Main (LM) Disease
299
ledt internal mammary artery
LIMA
300
Left Lower Lobe
LLL
301
Left main coronary artery
LM
302
left ventricle
LV
303
left ventricular hypertrophy
LVH
304
destruction or decomposition, as of a cell or other substance
lysis
305
mean arterial pressure
MAP
306
cardiac muscle
MB
307
meconium
mec
308
middle (see tunica media)
media
309
the mass of tissues and organs separating the sternum in front and the vertebral column behind, containing the heart and its large vessels, trachea, esophagus, thymus, lymph nodes and other structures and tissues
mediastinum
310
refers to the process of the chemical reactions at the tissue level
metabolic
311
abnormal physiological process characterized by the primary gain of strong acid or primary loss of bicarbonate from extracelluar fluid. Reflected by a low [HCO3-] and a low pH. (HCO3- less than 22 mEq/L) Treat by increasing perfusion of tissues and give NaHCO3
metablolic acidosis
312
1. mitral insufficiency; back flow or regulation of flow through the mitral valve during ventricular systole 2. Myocardial Infarction
MI
313
Medical Intensive Care Unit
MICU
314
one thousandths of an equivalent. An equivalent is the amount of a substance (mg or mM) that can enter into a reaction with one mole of hydrogen ions, or replaced one mole of H= in the reaction (gram molecular weight/valence)
millequivalent
315
referring to the bicuspid valve separating the left atrium and ventricle to prevent back flow into the atrium during ventricular systole
mitral
316
abnormal systolic back flow of blood from the left ventricle into the left atrium, resulting from imperfect closure of the mitral valve
mitral regurgitation
317
mitral valvular stenosis; narrowing of the normal area of the mitral valve causing a pressure drop across the valve during left ventricular filling
mitral stenosis
318
hemoconcentration of patiens blood, post bypass prior to decannulation, using the extracorporeal circuit for blood access
modified ultrafiltration
319
the gram molecular weight of any substance, which always contains 6.023 x 1023 molecules of that substance. The number of molecules in one gram molecular weight of the substance. one mole of hydrogen ions, or replace H= in the reaction (gram molecular weight/ valence)
mole
320
mitral regurgitation
MR
321
1. Mitral Stenosis 2. Multiple Sclerosis
MS
322
Modified Ultrapurification
MUF
323
multiple gated aquisiton test; a radionuclide test of myocardial performance
MUGA
324
disease in two or more of the coronary arteries
multivessel disease
325
mitral valve
MV
326
mitral valve repair or replacement; open heart surgery to repair or replace a diseased mitral valve witha prosthesis or artificial heart valve
MVR
327
condition in which oxygen delivery to and wate removal from the myocardium falls below normal levels with oxygen demand exceeding supply
Myocardial Ischemia
328
damage to the heart caused by occlusion of one or more of the coronary arteries
Myocardial Infarction (MI)
329
the muscular wall of the heart located between the inner endocardial layer and the outer epicardial layer
Myocardium
330
death of individual cells or groups of cells, or of localized areas of tissue
necrosis
331
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute
NHLBI
332
Non-insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus
NIDDM
333
a drug whos metabolites produce a relaxation of vascular smooth muscle, causing dilation of the veins reducing preload and myocardial Oxygen Demand (MVO2)
Nitrate
334
chemical element at no. 7, symbol N, molecular N2. It forms about 78% of the atmosphere and 78% of dissolved gas in the blood
Nitrogen
335
Naso Gastric
N/G
336
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
NICU
337
no known allergies
NKA
338
no known drug allergies
NKDA
339
myocardial infarction that is not associated with the evolution of new Q waves on the ECG
non-Q-wave myocardial infarction
340
nothing by mouth
npo
341
Normal Sinus Rhythm
NSR
342
nitroglycerin
NTGNTG
343
oxyhemoblobin dissssociation curve
OHDC
344
branches of the circumflex coronary artery
obtuse marginal
345
obtuse marginal
OM1 OM2
346
the passage of pure solvent from a solution of lesser to one of greater solute concentration, when the two solutions are separated by a membrane which is selectively prevents the passage of solute molecules, but is permeable to the solvent
osmosis
347
the negative pressure created by a dissolved non-diffusable substance across a membrane permeable to solvent but not to the solute
osmotic pressure
348
opening
ostia
349
to make a surgical opening into
-otomy
350
chemical element at no. 8, symbol O, molecular O2; an odorless gas that is essential to all plants and animals for respiration
oxygen
351
an artificial device that functions like a lung to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide with the blood
oxygenator
352
pH=pK + log [HCO3-]/[CO2d][H2CO3] pH=pK + log [HCO3-]/(0.03\*pCO2) (The carbon dioxide solubility coefficient 0.03 converts to pCO2 in mmHg to mm/L, the pK is 6.10 at 37 degrees C. Relates the ratio of the metabolic component to the respiratory component.
Henderson-Hasselbach Equation
353
a negatively charged polysaccharide normally found in lung or gut mucosa that naturally prolongs the time it takes blood to clot by catalyzing anti=thrombin III
heparin
354
pertaining to the liver
hepatic
355
inflammation of the liver usually caused by a virus transmitted by contact or blood transfusion
hepatitits
356
enlargement of the liver
hepatomegaly
357
see xenograph
heterograft
358
referring to a different species, or tissue coming from a different species
heterologous
359
cold blooded; poikilothermic, animals whose body temperature changes with the environment
heterothermic
360
hemoglobin
Hgb
361
coagulation inhibitor isolated from leeches, inhibits thrombin without requiring ATIII
hirudin
362
human immunodeficiency virus; a retrovirus that converts RNA to DNA and inserts it in the host cell and is responsible for the fatal disease AIDS
HIV
363
hyperplastic left heart syndrome; congenital defect characterized by atretic underdeveloped or absent left ventricle
HLHS
364
hyaline membrane disease
HMD
365
history of
H/O
366
the maintenance of a normal state of balance in a physiological system
homeostasis
