Medical terminology Flashcards
1
Q
_____is very common in women, caused by an overproduction of thyroid hormones
A
Hyperthyroidism
2
Q
Psoriasis is the condition of
A
itch
3
Q
______disease is the most common cause of dementia, causing generalized atrophy of brain with plaques and neurofi brillary tangles.
A
Alzheimers
4
Q
____is air in pleural cavity
A
Pneumothorax
5
Q
Laparotomy
A
= abdomen incision
6
Q
What is Myalgia
A
muscle pain
7
Q
heart inflmmation
A
carditis
8
Q
_____ = kidney enlargement
A
Nephotropathy
9
Q
= breast pain
A
Mastalgia
9
Q
_____ = painful swallowing
A
odynophagia
10
Q
_____= pinpoint, round spots that appear on the skin as a result of bleeding
A
Petechiae
11
Q
______ is an increase in size and function of a cell
A
hypertrophy
12
Q
______ is an increase in the number of cells in an organ or tissue.
A
hyperplasia
13
Q
______ is transformation of the cell into a different cell type
A
Metaplasia
14
Q
______ is a change in the size, shape, and organization of cell.
A
dysplasia
15
Q
_____ is an increase in size and function of a cell,
A
hypertrophy
16
Q
______ is decrease in size and function of a cell
A
Atrophy
17
Q
A blood clot inside the lumen of a blood vessel and fi xed to the blood vessel wall is termed
A
thrombus
18
Q
An _____is a blood clot not fixed to blood vessel wall, but is rather passing through the blood vessel with the ability to obstruct the lumen of the vessel.
A
embolism
19
Q
An ______can occur in any blood vessel causing ischemic necrosis in nearby tissue and is caused by blood clot obstructing the blood vessel
A
infarction
20
Q
____ describes a decreased number of formed elements (RBCs, WBCs, platelets) in the blood
A
pancytopenia
21
Q
_____is a decreased number of platelets.
A
thrombocytopenia
22
Q
_____hematoma occur between skull and dura mater, and must be treated quickly and aggressively to prevent coma and death.
A
epidural
23
Q
______hematomas are between arachnoid and dura mater, and are often a result of a blow to the head affecting venous blood flow which stops quickly and requires little to no treatment
A
Subdural
24
A ____ hematoma occurs between arachnoid and brain surface, often due to a ruptured congenital aneurysm or trauma.
subarachnoid
25
_____hematoma results from trauma which ruptures the intracerebral vessels causing bleeding into the brain. It can be caused by high blood pressure, leading to a stroke or by blood disorders which clot the blood.
intracerebral
26
_____ is a progressive demyelinization of neurons, with plaque formation around the nerves. There is a higher incidence in colder climates and in women, involving a series of fl are-ups and remissions with progressive loss of motor and sensory function
multiple sclerosis
27
_____ is inflammation of the brain and spinal cord often caused by viral or bacterial infections, resulting in pus in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
meningitis
28
____is increased pressure within the eye damaging the optic nerve, causing blindness
glaucoma
29
_____ results in central impairment of the vision fi eld, while peripheral vision remains normal
macula degeneration
30
______, or pink eye, is inflammation of the conjunctiva due to virus, bacteria, or allergens.
conjunctivitis
31
_____describes age- related hearing loss
presbycusis
32
_____refers to a middle-ear infection due to bacteria or a virus resulting in pain and pressure
otitis media
33
_____is very common in women, caused by thyroid hormone deficiency
hypothyroidism
34
____ are a cystic dilatation of terminal ducts in the breasts, resulting in an increase in fi brous tissue, which can be painful
Fibrocystic breast
35
____is the most common benign breast tumor, characterized by a round, movable, rubbery feeling mass.
Fibroadenoma
36
_____describes a lung collapse due to obstruction or compression
Atelectasis
37
____is inflammation and consolidation of pulmonary parenchyma
pneumonia
38
_____is another common lung disorder, resulting in chronic airway obstruction due to chronic bronchitis and/or emphysema
COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease)
39
______is where the alveolar walls are damaged, resulting in poor gas exchange, over-inflated lungs, and a barrel chest
emphysema
40
_____ is a disorder in which the stomach contents back up into esophagus through lower esophageal sphincter (LES). This causes pain, burning and discomfort
GERD
41
_____ can be caused by chronic GERD, in which the squamous epithelium is replaced by columnar epithelium
Barretts esophagus
42
_______ are created when there are breaks in the gastric mucosa from gastric secretions.
Peptic ulcer disease, or gastric ulcers
43
______ is inflammation of all five layers of bowel wall, causing edema and fibrosis of the bowel.
Crohns disease
43
______ is caused by autoantibodies, mostly in childhood and adolescence, causing the pancreas to produce little to no insulin
type 1 diabetes
44
____is caused by insulin resistance and insulin deficiency, and is most common in obese adults
type 2 diabetes
45
____ is an adrenal insufficiency due to destructive atrophy of the adrenal glands caused by long term use or sudden withdrawal of oral steroids
Addison disease
46
_____ can be caused by a pituitary tumor (Cushing’s disease), small cell lung cancer secretion of ACTH, or steroids
Cushings syndrome
47
Hepatitis ______is spread via oral-fecal route by improper hand-washing or contaminated food and water
A
47
Hepatitis ___ are spread via bodily fluids.
B and C
48
__is caused by high levels of circulating bilirubin, a by-product of breakdown of RBCs, resulting in yellowed skin and sclera. While common in newborns, jaundice may also be caused by liver disease, metastatic cancer in the liver, or obstruction of bile flow
jaundice
49
______, or kidney stones, are calcium stones in the kidney due to high levels of circulating calcium
Nephrolithiasis
50
A kidney infection is termed
pyelonephritis
51
a bladder infection is termed
cystitis
52
an infection in the urethra is termed
urethritis
53
____, or undescended testicle, present at birth and may resolve itself in first year of life or need surgery to bring down
Cryptorchidism
54
____, or inability to retract foreskin of penis, may be congenital or due to infection or inflammation
phimosis
55
____ is enlargement of prostate causing obstruction of urinary flow, causing nocturia, polyuria, and decreased pressure of urinary stream, hesitancy, and dribbling. Treatment for BPH is medication or surgery.
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
56
_____ are benign tumors of the myometrium, which are often asymptomatic
Uterine fibroids
57
____are enlarged ovaries with multiple cysts
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)
58
____is a reduction in bone density over time, causing fragile bones and fractures
Osteoporosis
59
____ , or wear and tear arthritis, is the most common joint disease.
Osteoarthritis
60
____ is a chronic systemic, autoimmune disease involving synovial joints, causing extreme deformities of the knuckles, wrists, elbows, and ankles
Rheumatoid arthritis
61
____, or hives, is an allergic reaction due to a histamine release.
Urticaria
62
_____, or inflammation of the skin, results in red, swollen and itchy skin
Dermatitis
63
____results in increased rates of skin sloughing and growth causing thickening of the dermis and epidermis
psoriasis
64
_____is a collection of collagen deposits in the skin causing inflammation, fibrosis, and decreased capillary networks
Scleroderma
65
is a gland tumor
adenoma
66
_____= water cyst tumor
Hydrocele
67
____= between ribs
intercostal
68
_____= same environment
Homeostasis
69
____= loss of eyelashes or eyebrows
Marosis
70
_____= muscle swelling
Myoedema
71
____= vertebrae inflammation
Spondylitis
72
What is cutitis
Skin inflammation
73
_____ = scalelike
Squamous
74
_____= gallbladder excision
Cholecystectomy
75
____= large intestine inflammation
Colitis
76
____= vomiting
Emesis
77
____= liver inflammation
Hepatitis
78
_____= mouth inflammation
Stomatitis
79
____= larynx inflammation
laryngitis
80
_____= inflammation of exterior lung lining
Pleurisy
81
_____= bloody sputum
Hemoptysis
82
____= kidney removal
Nephrectomy
83
____= urethra inflammation
Urethritis
84
_____= area between anus and genitalia
perineum
85
____= testicle dropping
Orchidoptosis
86
___= lack of sperm
Spermacrasia
87
____= Meninges inflammation
Meningtis
88
____= ear inflammation
Otitis
89
____= against bacteria
Antibacterial
90
_____= slow heartbeat
Bradycardia
91
____= abnormal blood
Dysemia
92
____= stomach inflammation
Gastritis
93
_____= bone breakdown
Osteolysis
94
___= abnormal pain
paraplegia
95
_____= around the heart
pericardium
96
____= highly severe
Superacute
97
_____= rapid heart rate
Tachycardia
98
____= green look condition brought about by lack of red blood cells
Chlorosis
99
____= condition of blue skin
Cyanosis
100
____ = Before meals
A.C.
101
___ = nothing by mouth
NPO
102
_____ = everyday
Q.D.
103
every 2 hours
Q2H
104
_____ = four times a day
QID
105
____ = every other day
QOD
106
______ = three times a day
TID
107
___ = hematocrit ( looks at the volume of blood in relation to the volume of cells.)
HCT
108
_____= front side
Anterior
109
______ = farthest point away from
distal
110
____ = backside
dorsal
111
below =
inferior
112
_____ = on the edge of or outside of
peripheral
113
____ = rear or back end
posterior
114
______ = above
superior
115
____ = across
transverse
116
What is Osteoarthropathy
Bone joint disease
117
_____= hardening of skin
Scleroderma
118
_____ = stomach and colon inflammation
Gastrocolitis
119
_______ = stomach esophagus inflammation
Gastroesophagitis
120
____ = breast inflamtion
mastitis
121
_____ = ovary bleeding
oophorrhagia
122
____ = difficulty swallowing
dysphagia
123
_____= double vision
Diplopia
124
____ = abnormal tissue development
dysplasia
125
______= difficulty breathing
dyspnea
126
__= vomitting
Hematemesis
127
____ = painful/difficult urination
dysuria
127
_____= fluid in abdomen
Ascites
128
___ = itching
pruritus
129
____ = thickening and scarring of connective tissue
Fibrosis
130
____= narrowing
Stenosis
131
_____ = inflammation of the small intestine
enteritis
132
_____ = small, widened blood vessels on the skin
telangectasia
133
_____= bleeding from nose
epitaxial
134
____ is loss of consciousness
syncope
135
______ is inflammation of the vein
phlebitis
