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phlebotomy > Medical Terminology > Flashcards

Medical Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

hepatitis

A

inflammation of liver

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2
Q

hepatocyte

A

liver cell

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3
Q

arthritis

A

inflammation of bone and joint

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4
Q

ab-

A

away from

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5
Q

ad-

A

toward

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6
Q

ana-

A

up

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7
Q

ante-

A

up

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8
Q

cata-

A

down

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9
Q

circum, peri-

A

around

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10
Q

endo-

A

within, innermost

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11
Q

epi-

A

upon, above

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12
Q

ex-

A

out, away from

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13
Q

hyper

A

above, excessive

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14
Q

hypo-

A

above, excessive

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15
Q

infra-

A

below

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16
Q

inter-

A

between

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17
Q

intra-

A

within

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18
Q

meso-

A

middle

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19
Q

para-

A

beside

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20
Q

retro-

A

backward

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21
Q

sub-

A

below,under

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22
Q

supra-

A

above,beyond

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23
Q

trans-

A

across, through

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24
Q

anterior

A

front of the body

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25
Q

posterior

A

back of body

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26
Q

medial

A

toward the midline

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27
Q

lateral

A

toward the side of the body

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28
Q

distal

A

away from the center point of attachment

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29
Q

proximal

A

near the center or point of attachment

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30
Q

external or superficial

A

far from the surface of the body

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31
Q

internal or deep

A

far from the surface of the body

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32
Q

normal anatomic position

A

erect standing position with arms at rest

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33
Q

supine position

A

lying or reclining face up

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34
Q

prone position

A

lying face up

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35
Q

lateral recumbent position

A

lying on left or right side

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36
Q

homeostasis

A

to remain the same

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37
Q

cario

A

relates to the heart

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38
Q

vascular

A

relates to veins, arteries, and capillaries

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39
Q

cardiovascular system

A

system transports nutrients, electrolytes, hormones, enzymes, antibodies, cells and gases all to maintain homeostasis

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40
Q

heart

A

muscular organ, contracts to push blood throughout the body, beats 80 minutes

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41
Q

aorta

A

largest artery; exits heart from the left ventricle

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42
Q

Vena Cava

A

largest vein

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43
Q

pulmonary arteries/veins

A

right ventricle of the heart pumps blood into the pulmonary arterial branches

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44
Q

Arteries

A

transport O2 blood throughout

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45
Q

Veins

A

Transports deoxygenated blood throughout the body

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46
Q

Capillaries

A

Carry blood that is a mixture of venous and atrial blood

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47
Q

Circulating blood

A

regulates the body

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48
Q

most common site for venipuncture

A

antecubital area (bend of elbow)

49
Q

median cubital

A

vein is located in the middle of the antecubital area

50
Q

biggest of the three veins is the

A

median cubital

51
Q

cephalic vein

A

located on the outer thumb side of the antecubital

52
Q

cephalic vein is more

A

prominent in obese patients

53
Q

cephalic veins size

A

smallest of three main veins but it is still accessible

54
Q

Basilic vein

A

the vein is located on pinky side of the arm

55
Q

3rd choice vein

A

basilic vein

56
Q

where is the basilic vein located

A

lies on top of or close to an artery

57
Q

Blood components

A
  • blood is living tissue
  • carries nourishment
  • vitamins
  • electrolytes
  • hormones
  • antibodies
  • warmth
  • o2
58
Q

What system are blood groups are organized by

A

ABO system

59
Q

Type A

A

a antigen, has b antibodies

60
Q

Type B

A

B antigen, a antibodies

61
Q

Type AB

A

both antigens, no antibodies

62
Q

O

A

neither antigen, both antibodies

63
Q

who can receive O blood

A

anyone

64
Q

AB individuals

A

can receive anything

65
Q

Blood from most common to least

A

O, A , B, AB

66
Q

What is Blood Banking

A

The process of collecting , storing and separating blood

67
Q

how many liters of blood does the average adult have

A

4-6 liters

68
Q

What does whole blood consist of

A

water, dissolved substances, and blood cells

69
Q

Types of Red Blood Cells

A

RBCs/erythrocytes, Leukocytes/WBCs, Platelets/thrombocytes, Plasma,

70
Q

most common blood cell

A

RBCs/erythrocytes

71
Q

what do RBCs transport

A

transport O2 and CO2

72
Q

What is the lifespan of RBCs?

A

120 days

73
Q

RBCs death

A

fragmentation and removal in spleen, liver and bone marrow

74
Q

what kind of WBCs are the most abundent

A

neutrophils (40 to 75%) in humans

75
Q

Eosinophil

A

White Blood Cells and Immune system components

76
Q

what increases eosinophil #

A

allergic reactions

77
Q

Basophils

A

least common granulocytes. About .01% to .03% of wbcs

78
Q

What do Basophils store

A

store histamine, secreted when sneezing

79
Q

Monocytes

A

replenishes macrophages

80
Q

what are macrophages

A

wbcs that engulf bacteria

81
Q

Monocytes move quickly

A

to site of infection

82
Q

Lymphocytes

A

include natural killer cells, t cells, and b cells

83
Q

job of lymphocytes

A

defence

84
Q

life span of lymphocytes

A

1 day to 1 year

85
Q

where are lymphocytes removed

A

spleen, liver and bone marrow

86
Q

Platelets/thrombocytes

A

colorless blood cells that help clot blood. clump and form plug

87
Q

fibrinogen

A

a plasma protien that converts fibrin to form a clot during bleeding.

88
Q

fibrinogen lifespan

A

9-12 days

89
Q

Plasma

A

liquid portion of blood, 90% water/10% dissolved substances in cells

90
Q

when u add anticoagulant to specimen and centrifuge it-

A

will create plasma, cells will settle at bottom of tube

91
Q

color of plasma

A

clear and yellow

92
Q

serum

A

plasma with no fibrin

93
Q

how long does it take blood to clot

A

30 minutes

94
Q

what color is serum

A

straw like

95
Q

fibrin is the body’s

A

natural coagulant

96
Q

tubes

A

sst tubes/ serum separator tubes

97
Q

turbid

A

cloudy or milky

98
Q

lipemic plasma or serum

A

turbid because of high lipids fats, or bacterial contamination

99
Q

what to do if specimen doesn’t look normal

A

note it

100
Q

Hemostasis

A

prevents blood loss when blood vessel is injured or punctured

101
Q

when does hemostasis occur

A

occurs after venipuncture

102
Q

Body repairs vein in 5 phases

A

(1) Vascular phase, (2) Platelet phase, (3) Coagulation phase, (4) Clot retraction, (5) Fibrinolysis

103
Q

Vascular Phase

A

vessel is constricted to decrease blood flow to the area

104
Q

Platelet Phase

A

platelets clump together to form a plug

105
Q

Coagulation Phase

A

a fibrinogen mesh is formed over the platelets

106
Q

Clot retraction

A

after bleeding stops ,the clot retracts to heal the torn edges of the vessel

107
Q

Fibrinolysis

A

final repair is made. injured vessel heals and clot begins to dissolve or break up

108
Q

what stop bleeding

A

slight pressure on puncture sights

109
Q

blood thinners cause

A

prolonged bleeding time

110
Q

Common Blood Thinners

A

Warfarin (Coumadin), Clopidogrel (Plavix), Aspirin, Heparin

111
Q

Arterial Blood color

A

Bright red

112
Q

How does arterial blood come ot

A

spurts out

113
Q

How long should u apply pressure to arterial blood

A

3-5 minutes

114
Q

Venous Blood Color

A

darker in color

115
Q

How does venous blood come out

A

in a steady flow

116
Q

Capillary blood

A

color is in between, occurs slowly, easily controlled

117
Q

what are lab specimens used for

A

diagnosis, monitoring, therapy, and screening

118
Q

most common specimens to collect

A

blood and urine

phlebotomy (13 decks)

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