Medical Technology - Bionics: History Flashcards
What is significant about pacemakers in 1957?
Pacemakers developed to be externally worn and battery-operated.
What is significant about pacemakers in 1959?
Implantable pacemakers with lithium batteries (internally worn and longer battery life).
What is significant about pacemakers in 1975?
Pacemakers developed to be adjusted with radio frequency signals, no longer needing surgery to be adjusted.
What is significant about pacemakers in 2000?
Both left and right ventricles are able to be paced, allowing the heart to be resynchronised when it is not beating in synchrony.
Who was behind the development of implantable pacemakers with lithium batteries?
Dr. William Chardack, Dr. Andrew Gage, William Greatbatch.
What is significant about artificial valves in 1952?
Dr. Charles Hufnagel designed and implants the first mechanical heart valve.
What is significant about artificial valves in 1960?
Starr-Edwards silastic ball valve was introduced.
What is significant about artificial valves in the late 1960s?
Tilting disc valve was introduced.
What is significant about artificial valves in 1979?
Bileaflet valves were introduced.
What is significant about cochlear implants in 1800?
Alessandro Volta discovers electrical current can be used to stimulate the inner ear.
What is significant about cochlear implants in 1972?
Speech processor was developed.
What is significant about cochlear implants in 1855?
Duchenne stimulates the ear using an altering current.
What is significant about cochlear implants in 1961?
First shot-term trial for cochlear implants.
What is significant about cochlear implants in 1939?
Linear and non-linear transducer developed in pacemakers.
