medical surgical 05/04/2022 Flashcards
Normal calcium level
9-10.5
what does hypercalcemia indicate?
bone cancer
PSA
prostate specific antigen
elevated- prostate cancer
Nadir
white blood cell count is low
7-14 days
leukopenia
wbc low neutropenia Interventions: isolation mask discourage large groups no well water no unpasteurized milk
super vena cava syndrome s/s
Lung CA pt.s
presents as edema, distended neck veins, amd red flushing face
super vena cava syndrome interventions
oxygen
high fowlers
no blood pressure on thata rm
super vena cava syndrome interventions
oxygen
high fowlers
no blood pressure on thata rm
carcioembryonic antigen (CEA)
indicates colon cancer
doxorubin –>what is closely monitored?
slows and stops the growth of cancer
The heart
interventions for fatigue
rest periods and priority care
skeletal traction and bucks traction abnormality
notify physician and/or RN
upper extremity and lower amputation considerations
upper extremity requires fine motor skills
consideration for residual limb
must lay in prone position multiple times a day.
prevent flexion
Is a shrinker sock for comfort
no, it is to reduce inflammation
assess for skin breakdown
Total joint replacement (TJR) Monitor for what?
swelling, infection, and pain
will not monitor for joint alignment
fat embolism
tachycardia
respiratory—>confusion
petechia
what causes a fat embolism
broken bones(long bones)
Tamoxifen education
no antacids 2 hours before taking it
thrombocytopenia interventions
electric razor
soft toothbrush
no floss
no contact sports
thrombocytopenia
low platelets
Radiation skin care
leave markers alone
soap and water
loose clothing
White blood cell count
5-10
expected albumin level
3.5 to .5.5
Cytoxan
monitor kidney and bladder
pair with mesna (protects the bladder)
oral chemo medications
wear gloves
must stay whole (do not break or crush)
store on its own
fluid that causes blisters if infiltrated
vesicant
Iv chemo meds
are all vesicants
Ca diet prevention
sugar smoked meats charred/broiled alcohol processed food
Gout
What does opurinol do?
blocks the formation of uric acid
Hip arthroplasty care plan(
abductor pillow
chair/toilet seat raised high
autologous blood donation
isometric exercises
osteoarthritis
confines and localized to joints
weight bearing joints
rheumatoid arthritis
systemic
affects all areas that have connective tissue
s/s of rheumatoid arthritis
autoimmune
stiffness in the morning
low grade fever
Home care education of dressing a wound. What technique?
done with aseptic technique
keeps pets and children away
proper hand hygiene
What serum lab is elevated with CA
ALP
Osteoporosis
porous bone weak prone to fracture low calcium postmenopausal women
osteoarthritis exam
feel for crepitation
inspect
acute compartment syndrome
trauma causes swelling in the compartment destroying the muscles swells becomes taut and shiny fasciotomy is performed myoglobin elevated CK elevated potassium treatment: fluids and electrolytes
RHABDO care
fluids
do ligaments affect movement?
no, it attaches bone to bone
nuclear scan:
galllium
thallium
gallium
thalium—>Cancer
provide support
arthrocentesis: sticks a needle into a joint
removes fluid
examine the fluid
inject (replace synovial fluid)
arthroscopic sx home care?
report uncontrolled pain
hematomas
high fever
myelography instructions
head must be held down
contrast dye
arthrogram interventions
injects air
apply ice
takes 12 to 24 hours to use arm
elevate
why has osteoporosis cases in the community risen?
women live longer
