disorders of the neuro system Flashcards
viral Meningitis signs and symptoms
more common
rarely serious
flu-like symptoms
1-2 weeks
Encephalitis
contracted from vectors (mosquitos)
ask pt. if they traveled recently
Parkinson’s signs and symptoms
gradual and subtle, early symptoms masked by aging or fatigue, muscular rigidity, bradykinesia or akinesia, tremors, changes in posture, shuffling gait, pill rolling,
parkinsons safety
with ambulation
Romberg sign
pt. is able to stand with feet together and eyes open, but sways or falls with eyes closed
positive Romberg sign in older adults safety precautions
assist with ambulation
positive Babinski sign
when the bottom of the feet are stimulated and the toes fan out indicating a neurological issue
decerebrate posture
the arms and legs being held straight out, the toes being pointed downward, and the head and neck being arched backward.
myelogram
for severe symptoms
CT scan education
done FIRST, easier and detects skull fractures better
What should you monitor with CT scans?
unstable vital signs
Should you medicate before a CT scan?
yes
What kind of hereditary disease is Huntington’s?
autosomal dominant
viral meningitis
very common
flu like symptoms for 1-2 weeks
bacterial meningitis
isolation
antibiotics
droplet precautions
bacterial meningitis signs and symptoms
stiff neck
photophobia
headache
positive Brudzinski sign indicates what?
meningitis
flexion of neck causes hips and knees to flex
sympathetic response
fight or flight
heart rate goes up
peristalsis goes down
bronchioles dilate
partial seizure
does not lose consciousness
Paresthesia of opposite side of body, involuntary arm/hand movement of opposite side , visual disturbances
generalized seizure
Tonic- 30-60secs, rigidity, pupils fixed and dilated, hands/jaw clenched
Clonic- muscles jerking in a rhythmic manner, incontinent, biting lips
seizure triggers
stress
flashing lights
caffeine
fatigue
four tool
no evaluation of verbal response is necessary
Alzheimer’s stage 1
Early Stage, lasts 2-4 years Increasing forgetfulness Coping mechanisms- lists Diminished interests Termination from job
Autonomic dysreflexia
most common cause is bladder distension
aggravating stimuli below injury
ADL’s and the upper body
upper body
ocupational therapy
pain in the upper body
Migraine treatment
quit amatrex
dark rooms
rest
promoting nutrition for neurological dysfunction
small frequent meals
high calorie and dense foods
ex. protein shakes
Diacephalon
hypothalamus
thalamus
bromocriptine education
may cause dizziness
brain herniation outcome
death
prepare for organ donation and end of life care
brain tumor pt. safety
similar to seizure precautions
padded side rails
bed low
suction near by
how do you move pt.s with spinal cord injuries?
log roll them
LEP signs and symptoms
fixed dilated pupils LOC dteriorates temp goes up headache systolic bp goes up
LEP treatment
manitol
4 points
patient is trying to get out of bed
Alzheimer’s stage 2
Longest stage, 2-12 years Become more irritable- especially with tasks- break down into simple steps Depression Aphasia (receptive and expressive) Normal sleep-wake cycle disrupted- wandering Personal hygiene deteriorates Inappropriate social behavior Hoarding
Alzheimer’s stage 3
Progression to complete dependency Incontinence B/B Loss of ability to converse Emotional control lost Inability to recognize loved ones Unable to move, swallow, or express needs Death from complication of immobility
what is a drug holiday?
pt. stops all medications for 24 hours to enjoy drinking and other activities
paresis
tingling snesation
