Medical emergencies Flashcards
How many hours of medical emergency CPD do you need as a dentists?
10 hours every 5 years
Who would you not give oxygen to?
100% oxygen don’t give to stroke pts
Pulse oximeter?
Measure oxygen saturation
Hypoxia?
Less than 94% blood oxygen saturation
ABCDE?
Airways
Breathing
Circulation
Disability
Exposure
2 most common reasons pts collapse?
Hypoxia
Hypertension?
MDEWS?
Modified dental early warning score
MDEWS score 1?
MDEWS score 1-4
MDEWS score 5, 6 or score of 3 in any single 1?
SBARD?
Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation, Decision
MDEWS over or equal to 7?
2 eyes 2 fingers 2minutes?
Look and Fingers on pulse and assess
Can see what help is needed
ACVPU
Alert
Acutely confused
Only response to verbal
Only respond to pain
Unresponsive
Strider vs wheeze?
Strider expiratory = upper respiratory
Wheeze inspirations - lower respiratory = wheeze
Vital signs to check?
Respiratory rate, PpO2, pulse, BP, ACPVU, blood-glucose, temp
What do you need to do when using an oxygen mask?
Pulse oximeter
What drugs for acute coronary syndrome in the box?
Nitrates and aspirin
Blood glucose level to give sugar?
Less than 4
What person to you lay on left side your side?
Left side pregnant
Tachyapneoa?
Increased breathing rate
Asthma attack - what to do ?
2 puffs salbutamol into spacing device
Breath normally for 1 min
Then on oxygen
N improvement?
2 more puffs… more oxygen
5 cycles (10 puffs)
If still not better ambulance
Symptoms of hypervelation?
Why put feet in air?
Increase preload
Blood flow back to heart
What has the same signs and symptoms of vaso-vagal?
Atrial fibrillation
How to differentiate vaso-vagal and AF?
AF = irregular pulse
Vaso-vagal = very slow pulse
Medications in the box for angina and acute mi?
Side effects of GTN
Sit them down - GTN will drop headache
Flushing feeling as the blood vessels vasodilate
Big headache
Tastes bad
Dose of aspirin for angina or acute mi?
300mg
Place in water or chew for 5 mins
When to not give aspirin?
Allergy
Or on warfarin
What do you want to know about an angina pt?
The pt oral rest and recovery
If longer the pt could be moving from stale to unstable or even MI
How to relive angina?
2 puffs of GTN or after resting for 5-10 mins
Symptoms of anaphylaxis?
Medications in the box for anaphylaxis?
How to inject adrenaline for anaphylaxis?
Inject 1 ml for 5 seconds
Adrenaline in bag has more than the epi pen
Symptoms of hypoglycaemia?
Medications in box for hypoglycaemia?
If blood glucose below 4 = give more
4 jelly babies or 7 dextrose tablets
If unconscious give glucagon injection. Give in arm
If pt as CGM what arm do you give glucagon?
Opposite arm
Symptoms of hyperglycaemia?
When is it classed hyperglycaemia?
Over 12mmol-1
Equipment in box for hyperglycaemia?
Adrenal insufficiency?
Addisons crisis
What in the pt history would indicate adrenal insufficiency?
Long term use of steroids
Symptoms of adrenal insufficiency?
Cold /clammy
Extreme fatigue.
Weight loss and loss of appetite.
Areas of darkened skin.
Low blood pressure, even fainting.
Salt craving.
Low blood sugar, also called hypoglycemia.
Nausea, diarrhea or vomiting.
Abdominal pain.
Symptoms of seizures?
Medications in box for seizures?
Acronym for stroke symptoms?
FAST
F: puff out cheeks
A: lift up arms/ legs
S: speech repeating, nonsensical …
Why not give stroke pt aspirin at scene?
Pt can be thrombolysis of haemorrhagic
What to do if pt is having a stroke?
Make area safe and call ambulance
When to give medazola for seizure?
Under 18
Aftercare for seizure pt?
999/112
GP surgery
Home alone or with family/friend
Accurate record keeping
