Medical Emergencies Flashcards
What are the eight drugs used for medical emergencies in dentistry
Adrenaline
Aspirin
Glucagon
GTN
Midazolam
Oral glucose
Oxygen cylinder
Salbutamol inhaler
What are signs of anaphylaxis
Upper airway oedema and bronchospasm
Tachycardia
What are symptoms of anaphylaxis
Mild allergy
Vomiting, abdominal pain
Flushing
What is the treatment for anaphylaxis
100% oxygen at 15L/min
0.5ml 1:1000 intramuscular adrenaline
When can you give adrenaline again if the first dose is not producing the desired effects
5 mins
What are signs of life threatening asthma
Cyanosis or low respiratory rate
Bradycardia
Exhaustion and confusion
What are signs of acute asthma
Inability to complete sentences
High respiratory rate
Tachycardia
What is the treatment for an asthma event in the dental practice
Administer 100% oxygen 15L/ min
Administer 4 puffs of salbutamol inhaler
How many micrograms are in an actuation of a salbutamol inhaler
100
What are signs of angina/ MI
Progressive onset of Severe crushing pain to the chest may radiate to left arm or to the jaw
What are symptoms of angina/ MI
SOB
Increased respiration
Skin becomes pale
Nausea and vomiting
What is the management for angina/ MI
100% oxygen 15L/ min
GTN spray sublingually
300 mg of aspirin chewed
What is the concentration of GTN per metres dose
400 micrograms
Why should children not be given aspirin
Can cause Reye’s syndrome
What is the treatment for epilepsy
100% oxygen 15L/ min
10 mg midazolam
What are the formulations of midazolam you can use
2ml oromucosal solution
5mg/ml topically into buccal cavity
What is the treatment for a patient who has fainted
100% oxygen 15L/ min
What are the signs of hypoglycaemia
Aggression and confusion
Sweating
Tachycardia
What are symptoms of hypoglycaemia
Shaking
Headache
Slurred speech
Fitting
What is the treatment for hypoglycaemic attack if patient is conscious and cooperative
100% oxygen 15L/ min
Oral glucose (10-20g)
What is the treatment for hypoglycaemic attack if patient is unconscious and uncooperative
100% oxygen 15L/min
1mg intramuscular glucagon injection
Oral glucose when patient regains consciousness
