Medical Complications of Pregnancy Flashcards
This type of hypertension is diagnosed prior to 20 weeks gestation and is treated with Methyldopa?
Chronic HTN
What is preeclampsia in addition to a preexisting Hypertensive condition?
Superimposed preeclampsia
This hypertension begins after 20 weeks gestation, and resolves 12 weeks post partum
Gestational HTN
What is the treatment for gestational HTN?
Hydralazine or Labetalol
What is HTN, proteinuria, and seizures after 20 weeks gestation?
Eclampsia
What is the treatment for eclampsia?
Give Magnesium sulfate and deliver the fetus as soon as possible
What is preeclampsia with convulsions?
eclampsia
This condition is defined as HTN with proteinuria after 20 weeks gestation?
Preeclampsia
If a pregnant patient has proteinuria, hypertension before 20 weeks gestation, what 2 specific conditions should be on our differential diagnosis?
-Multiple gestation
-Molar pregnancy
Obesity (has strongest relationship), age, current dx of HTN, asthma, still birth, and nulliparity are risk factors for what?
Preeclampsia
What is the diagnostic criteria for mild preeclampsia?
BP 140/90
Proteinuria >300 mg - or- 1+ on dipstick
What is the treatment for mild preeclampsia?
Give steroids to help fetus develop faster; Deliver at 37 weeks
What is the diagnostic criteria for severe preeclampsia?
BP 160/110
Proteinuria >5g -or- +3 on dipstick
Treatment for severe preeclampsia?
If 35-34 weeks, deliver fetus
If <34 give magnesium sulfate and corticosteroids and monitor the baby
How can you prevent preeclampsia?
Give low dose aspirin beginning at 12-16 weeks gestation
Severe headache, persistent occipital lobe pain, blurred vision, photophobia, and AMS are symptoms of what condition?
Preeclampsia
What is severe preeclampsia with low platelets, elevated liver enzymes, and hemolysis within 7 days of delivery?
HELLP Syndrome
What are the 4 components in the treatment of HELLP syndrome?
intravenous magnesium sulfate
intravenous dexamethasone
control of blood pressure
deliver fetus asap;
Presentation: epigastric or URQ PX; N/V; edema with secondary weight gain; fatigue; dyspnea; jaundice, headache, vision changes; HTN & Proteinuria in 80%; BRISK tendon reflex
HELLP syndrome
What is glucose intolerance only present in pregnancy?
Gestational diabetes
What four hormones contribute to gestational diabetes?
Progesterone
Corticotropin releasing hormone
Human Placental Lactogen hormone
Growth hormone
What is the pathophysiology of gestational diabetes?
Beta cell dysfunction in the pancreases & increased insulin resistance
When is the 1H glucose test done in low risk patients?
24-28 weeks
What value is considered positive for a 1H glucose test?
> 140
If fasting glucose is > 105 what step should be considered?
Adding insulin
Does insulin cross the placenta?
no
Having this condition puts a pregnant person at risk for spontaneous abortion, preeclampsia; T2D, and risk for needing c-section?
gestational diabetes
shoulder dystocia; macrosomia (big baby); hyperbilirubinemia; polycythemia; neonatal hypoglycemia; perinatal mortality are all fetal complications of what diagnosis in the pregnant person?
gestational diabetes
FHX DM; HTN Chronic; PCOS; BMI >30; infant >4kg at birth, and obesity are risk factors for getting what disorder?
GD
