Medical and Surgical Asepsis - ATI Chapter 10 COPY Flashcards
____ is the absence of illness-producing micro-organisms.
Asepsis
_____ is the primary behavior of asepsis.
hand hygiene
_____ refers to the use of precise practices to reduce the number, growth, and speed of micro-organisms (“clean technique”).
Medical asepsis
Medical asepsis applies to administering oral meds, managing ng tubes, ______, and performing many other common nursing tasks.
providing personal hygiene
______ refers to the use of precise practices to eliminate all micro-organisms from an object or area and prevent contamination (“sterile technique”)
Surgical asepsis
Surgical asepsis applies to parenteral medication administration, ______ surgical procedures, sterile dressing changes, and many other common nursing procedures.
insertion of urinary catheters
Before beginning any task or procedure that requires aseptic technique, health care team members must check for _____.
latex allergies
If the client or any member of the team has a latex allergy, the team must use latex-free gloves, _____, and supplies.
equipment
____ with an antimicrobial or plan soap and water; using alcohol-based products such as gels, foams, and rinses; or performing a surgical scrub are all considered hand hygiene.
handwashing
The three essential components of handwashing are soap, running water, and ___.
friction
All health care personnel must perform hand hygiene, either with an alcohol-based product or with soap and water, _____ every client contact and after removing gloves.
before and after
All health care personnel must perform hand hygiene, when hands are visibly soiled, after contact with body fluids, before eating, and after using the _____, wash them with a nonantimicrobial or antimicrobial soap and water.
restroom
It is also important for clients and _____ to practice hand hygiene.
visitors
Perform hand hygiene using recommended _____ when caring for clients who are immunocompromised or have infections with multidrug-resistant or extremely virulent micro-organisms.
antiseptic
Perform hand hygiene after contact with anything in clients’ rooms and after touching any contaminated items, whether or not ____ were worn, and before putting gloves on and after taking them off.
gloves
Performing hand hygiene might be necessary between tasks and procedures on the same client to prevent _______ of different body sites.
cross-contamination
Wash hands with soap and warm water. Rub hands together vigorously, and rinse under running water. Wash for at least _____ to remove transient flora and up to ___ when hands are more soiled. If the sink does not have foot or knee pedals for turning off the water, use a clean, dry paper towel to turn off the faucet.
15 seconds
2 minutes
For hand hygiene with an alcohol-based product, dispense the manufacturer’s recommended amount (usually 3 to 5 mL) in the palm of the hand. Rub the hands together vigorously, remembering to cover all surfaces of both hands and fingers. Continue to rub until both hands are _____.
completely dry
Emphasize the importance of covering the mouth and nose when _____ or _____, using and disposing of facial tissues, and performing hand hygiene to prevent spraying and spreading droplet infections.
coughing and sneezing
Encourage clients and visitors to practice ______ hygiene/cough etiquette.
respiratory
Ensure spatial separation of ___ from those with a cough, or have them wear a mask.
3 ft
Wash ____ frequently and keep it short or pulled back to prevent contamination of the care area or the clients.
hair
Keep natural nails short and _____ and free of nail gels and acrylic nails. The area around and under the nails can harbor micro-organisms.
clean
Remove _____ from hands and wrists to facilitate hand disinfection.
jewelry
Use masks, gloves, gowns, and protective eyewear to help control the contact and ____ of micro-organisms to staff and clients.
spread
Other practices that reduce the growth and spread of micr-organisms are changing linens daily, cleaning floors and _____ stands, and separating clean from contaminated materials.
bedside
Do not place items on the ____ (even soiled laundry) The floor is grossly contaminated.
floor
Do not ____ linens because doing so can spread micro-organisms in the air. Keep soiled items from touching clothing.
shake
Clean the least soiled areas first to prevent moving more ______ into the cleaner areas.
contaminants
Use __________ for moist, soiled items, following facility protocol for bag selection, to prevent further contamination of items or of individuals handling the soiled items.
plastic bags
Put all soiled items directly into the appropriate receptacle to avoid _____ soiled items more than once.
handling
Place all laboratory specimens in _____ containers or bags for transport or disposal.
biohazard
Pour any liquids used for client care directly into the drain and avoid splattering to prevent spreading droplets. Empty body fluids at water level of ______ to avoid splashing.
toilet
Prolonged exposure to airborne micro-organisms can make sterile items _____.
nonsterile
Avoid coughing, sneezing, and _____ directly over a sterile field.
talking
Advise clients to avoid sudden movements, refrain from touching supplies, drapes, or the _____ and gown, and avoid coughing, sneezing or taking over a sterile field.
nurse’s gloves
Only sterile items may be in a _____.
sterile field
The outer wrappings and 1 inch edges of packaging that contains sterile items are not sterile. The inner surface of the sterile drape or kit, except for that 1 inch border around the edges, is the ______ to which other sterile items may be added.
sterile field
To position the field on the table surface, rasp the 1 inch border before donning ____.
sterile gloves
Consider any object held below the _____ or above the chest contaminated.
waist
Sterile materials may touch other sterile surfaces or materials; however, contact with nonsterile materials at any time contaminates a sterile area, no matter how ____ the contact.
short
Microbes can move by gravity from a nonsterile item to a _____.
sterile item
Do not reach ______ or above a sterile field.
across
Do not turn your _____ on a sterile field.
back
Hold items to add to a sterile field at a minimum of _____ above the field.
6 inches
Any sterile, non-waterproof wrapper that comes in contact with ____ becomes nonsterile by a wicking action that allows microbes to travel rapidly from a nonsterile surface to the sterile surface.
water
In a a sterile environment keep all surfaces ____.
dry
Discard any sterile packages that are torn, _____, or wet.
punctured
Select a clean area above _______ in the client’s environment ( a bedside stand) to set up the sterile field.
waist level
Check that all sterile packages (additional dressings, sterile bowl, sterile gloves, and solution) are dry and ____ and have a future expiration date. Any chemical tape must show the appropriate ______.
intact
color change
Make sure an appropriate _____ is nearby.
waste receptacle
Review the steps of setting up a sterile field
Open the covering of the package per the manufacturer’s directions, slipping the package onto the center of the workspace with the top flap of the wrapper opening away from the body.
Grasp the tip of the top flap of the package, and with arm positioned away from the sterile field, unfold the top flap away from body.
Next, open the side flaps, using the right hand for the right flap and the left hand for the left flap.
Grasp the last flap and turn it down toward the body
