Medical and Surgical Asepsis - ATI Chapter 10

Question 1

____ is the absence of illness-producing micro-organisms.

Answer 1

Asepsis

Question 2

_____ is the primary behavior of asepsis.

Answer 2

hand hygiene

Question 3

_____ refers to the use of precise practices to reduce the number, growth, and speed of micro-organisms (“clean technique”).

Answer 3

Medical asepsis

Question 4

Medical asepsis applies to administering oral meds, managing ng tubes, ______, and performing many other common nursing tasks.

Answer 4

providing personal hygiene

Question 5

______ refers to the use of precise practices to eliminate all micro-organisms from an object or area and prevent contamination (“sterile technique”)

Answer 5

Surgical asepsis

Question 6

Surgical asepsis applies to parenteral medication administration, ______ surgical procedures, sterile dressing changes, and many other common nursing procedures.

Answer 6

insertion of urinary catheters

Question 7

Before beginning any task or procedure that requires aseptic technique, health care team members must check for _____.

Answer 7

latex allergies

Question 8

If the client or any member of the team has a latex allergy, the team must use latex-free gloves, _____, and supplies.

Answer 8

equipment

Question 9

____ with an antimicrobial or plan soap and water; using alcohol-based products such as gels, foams, and rinses; or performing a surgical scrub are all considered hand hygiene.

Answer 9

handwashing

Question 10

The three essential components of handwashing are soap, running water, and ___.

Answer 10

friction

Question 11

All health care personnel must perform hand hygiene, either with an alcohol-based product or with soap and water, _____ every client contact and after removing gloves.

Answer 11

before and after

Question 12

All health care personnel must perform hand hygiene, when hands are visibly soiled, after contact with body fluids, before eating, and after using the _____, wash them with a nonantimicrobial or antimicrobial soap and water.

Answer 12

restroom

Question 13

It is also important for clients and _____ to practice hand hygiene.

Answer 13

visitors

Question 14

Perform hand hygiene using recommended _____ when caring for clients who are immunocompromised or have infections with multidrug-resistant or extremely virulent micro-organisms.

Answer 14

antiseptic

Question 15

Perform hand hygiene after contact with anything in clients’ rooms and after touching any contaminated items, whether or not ____ were worn, and before putting gloves on and after taking them off.

Answer 15

gloves

Question 16

Performing hand hygiene might be necessary between tasks and procedures on the same client to prevent _______ of different body sites.

Answer 16

cross-contamination

Question 17

Wash hands with soap and warm water. Rub hands together vigorously, and rinse under running water. Wash for at least _____ to remove transient flora and up to ___ when hands are more soiled. If the sink does not have foot or knee pedals for turning off the water, use a clean, dry paper towel to turn off the faucet.

Answer 17

15 seconds

2 minutes

Question 18

For hand hygiene with an alcohol-based product, dispense the manufacturer’s recommended amount (usually 3 to 5 mL) in the palm of the hand. Rub the hands together vigorously, remembering to cover all surfaces of both hands and fingers. Continue to rub until both hands are _____.

Answer 18

completely dry

Question 19

Emphasize the importance of covering the mouth and nose when _____ or _____, using and disposing of facial tissues, and performing hand hygiene to prevent spraying and spreading droplet infections.

Answer 19

coughing and sneezing

Question 20

Encourage clients and visitors to practice ______ hygiene/cough etiquette.

Answer 20

respiratory

Question 21

Ensure spatial separation of ___ from those with a cough, or have them wear a mask.

Answer 21

3 ft

Question 22

Wash ____ frequently and keep it short or pulled back to prevent contamination of the care area or the clients.

Answer 22

hair

Question 23

Keep natural nails short and _____ and free of nail gels and acrylic nails. The area around and under the nails can harbor micro-organisms.

Answer 23

clean

Question 24

Remove _____ from hands and wrists to facilitate hand disinfection.

Answer 24

jewelry

Question 25

Use masks, gloves, gowns, and protective eyewear to help control the contact and ____ of micro-organisms to staff and clients.

Answer 25

spread

Question 26

Other practices that reduce the growth and spread of micr-organisms are changing linens daily, cleaning floors and _____ stands, and separating clean from contaminated materials.

Answer 26

bedside

Question 27

Do not place items on the ____ (even soiled laundry) The floor is grossly contaminated.

Answer 27

floor

Question 28

Do not ____ linens because doing so can spread micro-organisms in the air. Keep soiled items from touching clothing.

Answer 28

shake

Question 29

Clean the least soiled areas first to prevent moving more ______ into the cleaner areas.

Answer 29

contaminants

Question 30

Use __________ for moist, soiled items, following facility protocol for bag selection, to prevent further contamination of items or of individuals handling the soiled items.

Answer 30

plastic bags

Question 31

Put all soiled items directly into the appropriate receptacle to avoid _____ soiled items more than once.

Answer 31

handling

Question 32

Place all laboratory specimens in _____ containers or bags for transport or disposal.

Answer 32

biohazard

Question 33

Pour any liquids used for client care directly into the drain and avoid splattering to prevent spreading droplets. Empty body fluids at water level of ______ to avoid splashing.

Answer 33

toilet

Question 34

Prolonged exposure to airborne micro-organisms can make sterile items _____.

Answer 34

nonsterile

Question 35

Avoid coughing, sneezing, and _____ directly over a sterile field.

Answer 35

talking

Question 36

Advise clients to avoid sudden movements, refrain from touching supplies, drapes, or the _____ and gown, and avoid coughing, sneezing or taking over a sterile field.

Answer 36

nurse’s gloves

Question 37

Only sterile items may be in a _____.

Answer 37

sterile field

Question 38

The outer wrappings and 1 inch edges of packaging that contains sterile items are not sterile. The inner surface of the sterile drape or kit, except for that 1 inch border around the edges, is the ______ to which other sterile items may be added.

Answer 38

sterile field

Question 39

To position the field on the table surface, rasp the 1 inch border before donning ____.

Answer 39

sterile gloves

Question 40

Consider any object held below the _____ or above the chest contaminated.

Answer 40

waist

Question 41

Sterile materials may touch other sterile surfaces or materials; however, contact with nonsterile materials at any time contaminates a sterile area, no matter how ____ the contact.

Answer 41

short

Question 42

Microbes can move by gravity from a nonsterile item to a _____.

Answer 42

sterile item

Question 43

Do not reach ______ or above a sterile field.

Answer 43

across

Question 44

Do not turn your _____ on a sterile field.

Answer 44

back

Question 45

Hold items to add to a sterile field at a minimum of _____ above the field.

Answer 45

6 inches

Question 46

Any sterile, non-waterproof wrapper that comes in contact with ____ becomes nonsterile by a wicking action that allows microbes to travel rapidly from a nonsterile surface to the sterile surface.

Answer 46

water

Question 47

In a a sterile environment keep all surfaces ____.

Answer 47

dry

Question 48

Discard any sterile packages that are torn, _____, or wet.

Answer 48

punctured

Question 49

Select a clean area above _______ in the client’s environment ( a bedside stand) to set up the sterile field.

Answer 49

waist level

Question 50

Check that all sterile packages (additional dressings, sterile bowl, sterile gloves, and solution) are dry and ____ and have a future expiration date. Any chemical tape must show the appropriate ______.

Answer 50

intact

color change

Question 51

Make sure an appropriate _____ is nearby.

Answer 51

waste receptacle

Question 52

Review the steps of setting up a sterile field

Answer 52

Open the covering of the package per the manufacturer’s directions, slipping the package onto the center of the workspace with the top flap of the wrapper opening away from the body.

Grasp the tip of the top flap of the package, and with arm positioned away from the sterile field, unfold the top flap away from body.

Next, open the side flaps, using the right hand for the right flap and the left hand for the left flap.

Grasp the last flap and turn it down toward the body