Medial Compartment of the Thigh Flashcards
Muscles
Describe the adductor muscles.
They are 3, arranged into strata: the adductor longus forms an anterior stratum, the adductor brevis forms a middle stratum while the adductor magnus forms a posterior stratum.
The gracilis muscles runs a relatively superficial course on the medial side of the 3 adductors just beneath the deep fascia of the thigh.
State the nerve supply of the adductor longus.
Anterior branch of obturator nerve.
State the actions of the adductor longus.
Adduction of the thigh.
It helps in flexion and lateral rotation of the thigh.
State the relations of the adductor longus.
Forms parts of the floor of the femoral triangle and adductor canal.
The femoral vessels descend anterior to the muscle while the profunda femoris vessels descend posterior to the muscle.
State the origin and insertion of the adductor brevis.
Origin:
Body of pubis.
Inferior pubic ramus.
Insertion:
Back of the femur along the lower part of a line between the lesser trochanter and linea aspera (pectineal line), extending to the upper part of the linea aspera.
State the nerve supply of the adductor brevis.
Anterior branch of the obturator nerve.
Describe the actions of the adductor brevis.
Adduction of the thigh.
It helps in flexion and lateral rotation of the thigh.
Describe the relations of the adductor brevis.
Anteriorly, it is covered by the pectineus and adductor longus with the anterior branch of the obturator nerve intervening.
Posteriorly, it is related to the adductor magnus with the posterior branch of obturator nerve intervening.
Describe the dual origin of adductor magnus.
Pubic part: conjoined pubic and ischial rami lateral to the adductor brevis and gracilis.
Ischial part: lateral part of the lower area of the ischial tuberosity.
Describe the dual insertion of the adductor magnus.
Pubic part: spreads to gain a linear insertion into the medial margin of the gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera and upper part of the medial supracondylar line.
Ischial part: forms a tendon which descends vertically to be inserted into the adductor tubercle of the femur.
The insertion of the pubic part is interrupted by tendinous arches over the perforating branches of the profunda femoris artery and a large tendinous arch which bounds the adductor opening.
State the nerve supply of the adductor magnus.
Pubic part: posterior branch of the obturator nerve.
Ischial part: sciatic nerve.
Describe the actions of the adductor magnus.
Pubic part: adducts the thigh and helps in its flexion and lateral rotation.
Ischial part: extensor of the hip joint (like the hamstrings).
Describe the relations of the adductor magnus.
Anteriorly:
It is related to the adductor longus and brevis and obturator nerve.
The profunda femoris vessels descend b2n it and the adductor longus.
It forms part of the floor of the adductor canal where it is related to the femoral vessels.
Posteriorly:
Sciatic nerve
Hamstrings.
State the origin and insertion of the gracilis.
Origin: medial margin of the pubic arch (conjoined rami).
Insertion: upper part of the medial surface of the shaft of the tibia behind the sartorius.
A bursa separates the insertions of both muscles.
State the nerve supply of the gracilis.
Anterior branch of the obturator nerve.
State the actions of the gracilis.
Adduction of the thigh.
Flexor of the knee joint.
State the relations of gracilis.
It is covered medially by skin, superficial fascia and deep fascia.
Its deep surface is related to the 3 adductor muscles.
