Front of Thigh Flashcards
Nerves, vessels and stuff
State the cutaneous nerves of the front of the thigh and their root values.
Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh (L2,L3)
Intermediate cutaneous nerve of thigh (L2,L3)
Medial cutaneous nerve of thigh (L2,L3)
Femoral branch of genitofemoral nerve (L1,L2)
Patellar plexus of nerves.
State the structures the deep fascia of the thigh is attached to superiorly.
Inguinal ligament.
Iliac crest.
Back of the sacrum.
Back of the coccyx.
Sacrotuberous ligament.
Ischial tuberosity.
Pubic arch.
Inferiorly, the fascia is attached to all the bony prominences around the knee. These include:
Medial condyle of the femur.
Lateral condyle of the femur.
Medial condyle of the tibia.
Lateral condyle of the tibia.
Patella.
Head of the fibula.
Structures passing deep to the inguinal ligament.
Laterally: iliacus.
Medially: psoas major.
Femoral nerve in the groove b2n the iliacus and psoas major.
Femoral sheath with its 3 cpts and contents.
Lateral cutaneous n of thigh close to the ASIS.
Lymphatic vessels ascending from the deep inguinal to external iliac lymph nodes.
Which are the 3 superficial inguinal veins that drain into the great saphenous vein?
Superficial epigastric vein.
Superficial external pudendal vein.
Superficial circumflex iliac vein.
Which are the most important of the numerous perforating veins connecting the GSV with the deep veins in the leg?
3 perforating veins slightly above the medial malleolus, connecting the GSV with the deep veins in the posterior cpt of the leg.
A perforating vein at the level of the tibial tuberosity, connecting the GSV with the veins of the calf.
A perforating vein b2n the GSV and popliteal vein at the level of the knee joint.
A perforating vein at the junction of the middle and lower 1/3s of the thigh connecting the GSV with the femoral vein in the middle of the adductor canal.
The superficial inguinal lymph nodes receive afferent lymphatics from:
Greater part of the lower limb.
Superficial parts of the gluteal region.
Superficial part of the anterior abdominal wall below the level of the umbilicus.
Superficial structures in the perineum including the external genital organs and lower part of the anal canal.
Describe the superficial inguinal arteries.
Superficial epigastric artery – ascends upwards and medially in the superficial fascia of the lower part of the anterior abdominal wall towards the umbilicus.
Superficial external pudendal artery – passes medially across the front of the spermatic cord or round ligament of the uterus to supply the external genitalia.
Superficial circumflex iliac artery – runs upwards and laterally along the lower border of the inguinal ligament and outer lip of the iliac crest.
State the boundaries of the femoral triangle.
Base: inguinal ligament.
Medially: medial border of the adductor longus.
Laterally: medial border of sartorius.
Roof: skin, superficial fascia and deep fascia.
Floor: (medial to lateral) adductor longus, pectineus, psoas major and iliacus.
State the contents of the femoral triangle.
Femoral sheath.
Femoral artery and its branches.
Femoral vein and its tributaries.
Femoral nerve and its branches.
Deep inguinal lymph nodes.
Describe the walls of the femoral sheath.
Anterior wall: downward continuation of fascia transversalis of the anterior abdominal wall.
Posterior wall: downward continuation of the fascia iliaca of the posterior abdominal wall.
State the dimensions of the femoral sheath.
Length: 1 1/2 “
medial length: 1/2 “
Describe the compartments of the femoral sheath and its contents.
Lateral cpt:
Femoral artery.
Femoral branch of genitofemoral nerve.
Intermediate cpt:
Femoral vein.
Medial cpt: (femoral canal)
Loose areolar fatty tissue.
A small lymph node.
Some lymph vessels.
Describe the femoral canal.
It is the medial cpt of the femoral sheath.
It is closed inferiorly by fusion of its walls.
Superiorly it has an abdominal opening, femoral ring.
It is 1/2 “ long
Describe the femoral ring
It is the abdominal opening of the femoral canal/medial cpt of the femoral sheath.
It is 1/2 “ wide.
It is closed by condensation of extraperitoneal fat, femoral septum.
State the boundaries of the femoral ring.
Anteriorly: inguinal ligament.
Posteriorly: pectineal line and pectineal ligament.
Laterally: femoral vein.
Medially: the sharp crescentic base of the lacunar ligament.
