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Higher Computing Science Unit 2 > Media Types > Flashcards

Media Types Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a standard file format?

A

A standard file format is a way of saving a file so that it can be opened up in different programs, without loss of quality

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2
Q

What are the standard text file formats?

A

txt and rtf

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3
Q

What are the standard video file formats?

A

mpeg and avi

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4
Q

What are the standard graphics file formats?

A

gif, jpeg, png and bmp

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5
Q

What are the standard sound file formats?

A

wav and mp3

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6
Q

What is compression?

A

Compression is when the overall size of a file is reduced

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7
Q

What are the two types of compression?

A

Lossy and lossless

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8
Q

Explain the difference in the two types of compression?

A

Lossy compression reduces file size be removing information, where as lossless reduces file size but information is not lost.

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9
Q

What are the three compression techniques?

A

Run Length Encoding (RLE)
Lempel-Ziv-Welch Compression (LZW)
Free Lossless Audio codec

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10
Q

Explain Run Length Encoding?

A

Simplest type of lossless compression
The RLE algorithm looks for runs of data in which the same sequence is repeated.
And stores an instance of the sequence

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11
Q

Explain Lempel-Ziv-Welch Compression?

A

More complex type of lossless compression
Looks for recurring sequences
reads data in 8 bits
the compressed file consists of codes from the table created.

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12
Q

Explain Free Lossless Audio codec?

A

lossless compression designed for music

creates mathematical description of a block of data

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13
Q

What factors can affect the size of a sound file?

A

The length of the recording
The sampling depth
the sampling frequency

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14
Q

What is sampling depth?

A

The sampling depth is the number of bits used to store a sound file.

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15
Q

What is sampling frequency?

A

The sampling frequency is how many times per second that a sound is sampled

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16
Q

How would you reduce the size of a sound file?

A

Cropping the recording to remove parts of the sound

Reducing sampling depth or sampling frequency

17
Q

What factors can affect the size of a graphics file and explain?

A

Size
Colour depth- how many colours are present
Resolution- how many pixels have been used

18
Q

What factors affect the size of a video file?

A

The resolution
Length of film
Frame rate
frame size

19
Q

What is meant by frame rate?

A

The frame rate of a video is the number of frames that are displayed per second.

20
Q

What are the two Video Compression techniques?

A

Intra-frame and inter-frame

21
Q

How is intra-frame and inter-frame used?

A

intra-frame compresses each frame

inter-frame compresses a series of frames

Higher Computing Science Unit 2 (8 decks)

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