media industries Flashcards
what was newspapers not prepared for?
used to be hugely profitable but the industry was not prepared for the arrival of the internet in the 1900s
what was given away for free?
premium news
what did publishers not control?
what was the result of this?
didn’t take control of:
advertising
opening up a gap for google
facebook to fill
the modern business of news is in relentless decline
relentless
continuing in a severe or extreme way
why is google and facebook hoovered up?
the bulk of advertising income is now hoovered up by google and facebook
due to the bulk of advertising, what did newspapers do?
have had to make significant cuts to their costs including staff
what had media groups did over the past decades?
have tried various strategies to boost their revenue, from subscription (The Times) and membership (The Guardian) models, to relying on advertising and diversification (The Sun)
why are newspapers self-regulated?
editors are expected to follow the editors’ code of practice
what happens if readers find any content in breach of the code?
may complain to the independent press standard organisation (IPSO)
what does a newspaper production consist of?
a series of stages, each overseen by the newspaper’s editor
pre-press: what is the news gathering?
the editor sets the agenda for the paper, ideas are generated by journalists, stories are written, photographs are taken, and the editor signs off on stories
pre-press: what is advertising?
the sales team sells space in the newspaper and on the website to brands looking to promote themselves
pre-press: what is design?
the newspaper is laid out by a page designer, arranging stories and advertising according to guidelines set by the editor and advertising teams
press: what is publishing?
after editorial sign-off, the paper is
published on paper or online
press: what is the distribution?
the finished print paper is sent to newsagents and supermarkets. The digital paper is distributed on The Sun app, meanwhile digital stories are pushed-out to Apple News and social media platforms.
owner: why does the owner of a newspaper have a significant impact on the newspaper’s editorial stance and production process?
set the budget and investment strategy for the newspaper, which affects the resources available to hire staff and produce content
owner: what does the owner have a final say on?
as the final say on major decisions such as editorial direction and management changes
editor: what is the editor responsible for?
the overall editorial content and direction of the newspaper
editor: what does the editor do to ensure that the newspaper meets its target audience?
manage the team of writers, photographers, and designers, oversee the selection and editing of articles