MEDIA AND TECHNIQUES Flashcards
Art as a tool for communication
Media
This acts as a tool for communication
Art
This is the expression of art
Medium
What type of art did the artist used to express their creativity?
Medium
This refers to both the materials and material support used by the artist
Media
Oil on canvas, acrylic on ceramics
Media
Media that are commonly used in art making
Traditional Media
Types of media (4)
Traditional Media
Digital Media
Unconventional Media
Body
Are there more specific types of media?
(Yes or No) (Reason?)
Yes
Depending on the art form
Are there more specific types of media?
(Yes or No) (Reason?)
Yes
Depending on the art form
[TYPE OF MEDIA] Oil paint and canvas for painting
Traditional Media
[TYPE OF MEDIA] Wood and chisel for sculpture
Traditional Media
[TYPE OF MEDIA] Film camera for film and photography
Traditional Media
[TYPE OF MEDIA] Instruments for Music
Traditional Media
[TYPE OF MEDIA] Pen and paper for Literature
Traditional Media
The use of digital technology as part of the creation process or the manner of presentation of the works
Digital Media
They make use of electronic media to create their works.
Digital Media
[TYPE OF MEDIA] Computers, digital camera, painting applications
Digital Media
Materials that are not commonly used in creating art
Unconventional Media
[TYPE OF MEDIA] Common with assemblage, installation, found object art
Unconventional Media
This media is common in performance art
Body
Performance Art using body
Singing and playing
instruments
acting
dancing
Some visual artists also use body as their medium (type of art) such as in:
tattoo
body painting
cosmetics
7 characteristics of arts according to media
Practical
Environmental
Pictorial
Auditory
Narrative
Dramatic
Musical
Works that are primarily meant to be functional in everyday life
Practical
Functionality of this kind of arts in a media is considered
Practical
Widely describe a range of works or practices that involve the use of space, or are analyzed in the way that they interact with their surroundings.
Environmental
A classification of artwork that is predominantly visual and spatial.
pictorial
Creative works that engage with the sense of hearing, while not necessarily being musical in nature.
Auditory
Monuments, architectures, occupies large spaces
Environmental
Spoken poetry, radio spiel
Auditory
Creative works that follow a
sequential/story structure, such
as events unfolding across time,
foremost applied in the literary
sense, but also encompasses
other media that follows this
sequential logic.
Narrative
A term tied up with theater and is used to describe works done by or for a performance-based representation, such as by actors.
Dramatic
Creative works that harness a logical arrangement of sound - one of the most common is rhythm - and is observable in music, poetry, and dance with musical accompaniment.
musical
Technique is ______ and _______.
tool and skill-based
IF THE MEDIUM IS THE BASE MATERIAL, THE USE OF ___________ IS THE MANNER THAT IT ACHIEVES FORM, WHICH IN TURN IS THE PERCEPTIBLE SHAPE, STRUCTURE, OR DIMENSIONALITY.
technique
TECHNIQUE IS THE MEANS TO ACHIEVE A _______
style
Coherent look or pattern
Style
The manner in which artist use and manipulate materials to achieve the desired formal effect, and communicate the desired concept, or meaning, according to his or her personal style
( modern, Neoclassic, etc. )
technique
In technique, artist manipulates material to achieve:
(2)
1) Desired formal effect
2) Communicate the desired concept/meaning according to personal style
Does each artform have its own techniques? (Y/N)
Yes
What are the most common art technique? (2)
Drawing and Shading
Media of drawing and shading
Pen and Ink
Pencils
(printmaking)
Media of drawing and shading
Pen and Ink
Pencils
(printmaking)
Media of drawing and shading
Pen and Ink
Pencils
(printmaking)
Media of drawing and shading
Pen and Ink
Pencils
(printmaking)
Types of shading techniques in drawing (6)
Pointillism
Stippling
Hatching
Cross-hatching
Scribbling
Blending/Mass shading
Media in Painting (6)
Acrylic
Oil
Water-color
Gouache
Lacquer
Mixed
Painting Techniques (6)
Action
Chiaroscuro
Foreshortening
Impasto
Sand - dry painting
Spray
Smooth and light
Highly versatile
Quick drying
When dry has a “plastic” finish
Acrylic
Long lasting
Super blendable
Dries very slowly
Oil
Translucent
Fluid
Dries fairly quickly
Watercolor
Opaque
Chalky
Dries darker
Can be reactivated with water
Gouache
transparent pigments, non-controllable, dries slowly
watercolor
Opaque from white or chalk pigment for illustrations – solid colors/matte finish
Gouache
VERY durable
Relatively quick drying
Waterproof
Used in home-improvement
Lacquer
Combination of 2 or more paint media
Mixed Media
[Painting techniques]
Energetically splashed, split or dribbled onto a canvas, usually placed face-up on the floor.
Action
spray painting, action painting, drip painting
Action
spray painting, action painting, drip painting
Action
_____ should be mixed with water not with oil.
Acrylic
_____ mixed with oil.
Oil
Agent: water
Watercolor
Reactivated with water but not with oil
Gouache
Paint thinner is oil
Lacquer
An Italian word for “mixture,” used to describe a painting technique wherein paint is thickly laid on a surface, so that brushstrokes or palette knife marks are visible.
Impasto
You can use these types of paint if you’ll do impasto technique.
Acrylic
Oil
Embossed and thick
Impasto
Adding texture for your painting
Impasto
fine shading that creates softs transitions between colors and tones
Watercolor, Acrylic, Oil paint with binder (linseed oil, thinner)
sfumato
Media for sculpture (6)
Wood
Stone
Metal
Clay
Wax
Found Objects
3 sculpture techniques
Addition
Subtraction
Reformation from same volume
adding more media materials to the artwork
addition
-taking out media materials from the artwork
Subtraction
spreading or concentrating the same amount of media
material
Reformation from same volume
[Sculpture]
Clay
Assemblages
Installation
Wood joinery
Metal works
Addition
gathering and joining DIFFERENT materials to create a sculpture
assembling
Clay
Wood
Stone
Metal engraving
subtracting
cutting or shipping away a shape from a mass of stone, wood, or other hard material
Carving
A mold is made of the sculpture. The mold is then filled with a material that is melted down (usually metal). It then cools and hardens.
casting
created when a soft or malleable material (such as clay) is built up (sometimes over an armature) and shaped to create a form.
modeling
created when a soft or malleable material (such as clay) is built up (sometimes over an armature) and shaped to create a form.
modeling
Theatre crafts (4)
- Playwright’s craft – origin
- Director’s craft – creative composition
- Actors’ craft - interpretation
- Stage Management’s craft - performance run
Types of stages (6)
- Proscenium
- Traverse
- Thrust / Semi-Arena
- Arena / Theater in the Round
- Blackbox
- Site-Specific / Found Places
Acting Techniques (7)
Stanislavski
Lee Strasberg
Adler
Chekov
Meisner
Spolin
Epic/Brechtian
Actors draw upon their own feelings and experiences to convey the “truth”
Stanislavski’s system
Actors imagine themselves with the thought and emotions of their characters to develop lifelike performances.
Method acting - Lee Strasberg
Going beyond one’s memory
Substitution technique
Substitution technique is under this kind of acting
Method acting – Lee Strasberg
The use of imagination was more effective than relying solely on personal experiences and emotional memory
Adler’s Technique
Psycho-physical Approach – Transformation, working with impulse, imagination and inner and outer gesture are central
Psycho-physical approach
Chekhov’s system
Greater focus on the other actor as oppose to one’s internal thoughts or feelings associated with the character
Meisner’s technique
Acting exercises or “games” that unleashed creativity, adapting focused “play” to unlock the individual’s capacity for creative self expression
Spolin’s technique/improvisation
Emphasizes the audience reaction to the piece. Engaging with the audience by directly addressing them out of character (breaking the 4th wall)
Epic/Brechtian theater
4 Media in Cinema
Film
Projector
Screen
Electronic Audio-video (analog, digital)
5 Techniques in Cinema
Camera Angles
Camera Shots
Editing
Set
Sound and Visual effects
3 Camera Angles
Low
Mid
High
6 Camera Shots
Close-up
Mid-shot
Wide-shot
Long shot
Top shot
Ant-eye
2 Editing
Linear
non-linear
2 Set
Interior
Exterior
2 Sound or Visual effects
Live
Post dubbed
The position of the camera in relation to the subjects can affect the way the viewer perceives the scene. A scene may be shot simultaneously from multiple camera angles to amplify the cinematic effect and the emotions.
Camera angles
A position of the camera in relation to the subjects can affect the way the viewer _________ ___ _______.
Perceives the scene
A scene may be shot ____________ from ________ camera angles to amplify the ___________ effect.
simultaneously
multiple
cinematic
Camera angle
Eye level
Low angle
High angle
Dutch angle
Overhead
Shoulder
Camera framing
Single shot
Two shot
Three shot
OTS / Over the shoulder
Over the hip
Point of view
Camera Focus
deep focus
shallow focus
soft focus
rack focus
split diopter
tilt shift
also known as production design, it is the artificial decoration of an environment that is used as the setting for a performance
set design
unique sound effect technique that involves creating and “performing” everyday sounds for movies and television shows
foley
4 Media in Music
Vocals
Instruments
Venue
Electronics
6 Techniques in Music
Composition
Arrangement
Interpretation/Performance
Lighting and Stage
Sound Engineering
Sound Recording
________ in music refers to the effect of the different layers of sound in a piece of music, and the relationship between them.
Texture
single line of melody without any harmony or any other form of accompaniment.
Monophonic
One voice/part plays/sings the melody, whilst the others act as a harmonic accompaniment.
homophonic
several parts or voices are combined together
polyphonic
In music refers to the human voice; in songs there can be more than one person providing this
vocals
is a rapid, slight variation in the pitch you’re singing, marked by a rapid wavering in the intensity and timbre of the note being sung.
vibrato
means to play the notes as smoothly connected as possible
legato
play the notes as short and crisp and detached as possible
staccato
a jazz vocal style of using emotive and nonsense syllables instead of words in solo improvisations on a melody
scat singing
both refer to a series of notes sung quickly over a single word or vowel sound. This a common technique heard in some contemporary songs like rnb and soul.
vocal riffs and runs
Devices created or adapted to make musical sounds
instruments
instruments that create sound through vibrating themselves.
idiophones
instruments that produce sound by vibrating a membrane.
membranophones
instruments that produce sound by vibrating strings
chordophones
instruments that create noise by pushing vibrating columns of air through them
aerophones
any musical instrument in which sound is produced mainly by means of electricity
electrophones
[type of instrument] harp
chordophones
[type of instrument] harp
chordophones
[type of instrument] guitar
chordophone
[type of instrument] violin
chordophone
[type of instrument] maracas
idiophone
[type of instrument] cymbals
idiophone
[type of instrument] mixer
electrohphones
[type of instrument] organ
electrophones
[type of instrument] electric guitar
electrophones
[type of instrument] drums
membranophones
[type of instrument] saxophone
aerophone
[type of instrument] flute
aerophone
any location used for a concert or musical performance.
Typically, different types of this host different genres of music
music venue
Opera singers traditionally do _________ for their performance
not use mic
Venue with acoustics that would allow the singer’s voice to travel far back of the audience
ampitheatre
Parts of a Greek Theater
Skene, Orchestra, Parodos, Theatron
Any electronic device involved in the production, execution, or performance of musical pieces.
electronics
4 Media of Dance
Body
Music
Stage
Electronic
5 Techniques of Dance
Choreography
Movement and interpretation
Musical composition, arrangement and reversions
Stage design and arrangement
Sound-engineering
Dance’s main media
Body
2 types of media in advertising
- Tri-media : print, radio, TV
- Below the Line: flyers, posters,
brochures, billboards, comics,
social media….
Advertising techniques
Celebrity endorsements
Witnesses
Drama
Comedies
Jingle
Comparative showdown
Sustained awareness
Infomercials
Has bigger reach and frequency
Includes: TV, Radio, Print, and Outdoor advertising
Above the line
Smaller reach but more targeted; niche market
Includes: Sampling, promotion, events, flyers, social media, etc.
Below the line
using a famous person to promote a brand or product;
celebrity endorsement
forming of a relationship between a brand and an influential individual who “fits” with the brand
celebrity endorsement
a testimony is a statement given by a supporter approving a particular product or service; it gives the customer confidence in the product and gives the product legitimacy
witness testimonials
Allows brand to express message vividly; allows for broad emotional appeal
drama advertising
short song or tune used in advertising and for other commercial uses
jingles
The use of humor or irony in advertisements and commercials
comedy advertising
for light hearted and not so serious brands
comedy advertising
memorable and likely to go viral
comedy advertising
a company’s product or service is presented as superior when compared to a competitor’s; may involve a side-by-side comparison of the features of a company’s products next to those of its competitor
comparative showdown
sustaining awareness of a brand, product or service over a long period of time
sustained awareness
a form of television commercial that resembles regular TV programming yet is intended to promote or sell a product, service or idea
infomercials
