Media Flashcards
Describe two ways in which the director of a televised sports event could influence how sport will be seen by viewers. (4)
Award up to two marks for describing each way in which the director of a televised sports event could influence how sport will be seen by viewers (2×2).
The director:
- Selects highlights to be shown / to make the game seem more exciting.
- Selects sports to be shown / from a range of options as in a multi-sport event like the Olympic Games.
- Can be a very positive influence as all of the action can be shown / from fair and unbiased angles.
- Can also influence the commentators or summarisers, to be fair in their commentary / which shows a balanced content of the game.
- Can decide not to show disruptive aspects such as streakers on the pitch / so that this sort of behaviour is not encouraged.
- Can have a negative influence as they may choose to show certain parts of the action or edit shows or programmes / which can give a false impression of the actual events.
- Can choose to focus on poor attitudes or even poor behaviour by fans / to sensationalise certain aspects and give a sport or an individual a bad name.
- Can have a positive influence by using effects such as action replays or different camera angles or microphones by the pitch or ref link / which shows good play or decision making.
- Decides who to interview / to get further insight into the game, or event, or competition.
Explain how the media may have influenced Sarah’s participation in sport. (8)
3 detailed explanations = 8 marks
2 detailed explanations = 5 marks
A list with no explanation = 1 mark
Must use SEE
State the purpose (inform, educate, entertain, promote)
Explain the effect
Example - link back to Sarah’s participation
- Increased coverage on all forms of media encourages interest
- Media informs of opportunities and possibilities
- Media educates about the need for healthy lifestyle / and shows the consequences of a sedentary lifestyle
- Informs how and where to participate
- Media can entertain and therefore attract participation
- Media can promote role models who you can then aspire to be like and achieve what they have.
Sports quiz programmes are often on television.
State two other types of television programme that promote or cover sport and give an example of each. (4)
Award one mark for each type of programme and one further mark for the example, up to a maximum of four marks (2 x 2 marks).
- Live sports coverage / eg Ford Super Sunday
- Highlights programmes / eg Match of the Day
- Documentaries / eg Inside Sport
- News bulletins / eg Sky Sports News
- Educational programmes / eg Peak Performance
- Entertainment / eg Soccer AM
Identify one type of media and describe two ways in which it can have a positive effect on sport. (5)
Award one mark for correctly identifying a type of media.
- Television
- Radio
- Newspapers or magazines or books
- Internet
- CD-ROMs
Award a further two marks for describing each way the media can have a positive effect, up to a maximum of four marks.
- They demonstrate good performance or give exemplars for athletes to copy/ to improve the standards within the sport.
- They help officials make decisions/ which improves the reputation of the sport.
- They can promote the health benefits/ which can increase participation or popularity of activities.
- Through payment for broadcasting rights or indirectly through sponsorship/ increases revenue coming into the sport.
- They increase the accessibility of a sport/ which increases its popularity or publicity.
- They can make a sport look more interesting or appealing/ and therefore more people want to take part or watch an event.
Television promotes and covers sport in many ways, such as in quiz programmes.
State two other ways in which television covers sport and give an example of each. (4)
Award up to two marks for each correct response. 2 × 2 marks in total
Examples include:
- Live sporting programmes/ such as Ford Super Sunday or other Sky coverage
- Highlights programmes/ such as Match of the Day
- Documentaries/ accept any examples, which are likely to be quite recent
- News bulletins/ either specific sports news channels or bulletins within main news programmes
- Information services/ such as Ceefax, Teletext etc
- Sporting magazine programmes/ such as Grandstand
- Educational, schools, skills programmes/ such as BBC Bitesize, Peak Performance etc
- Dedicated channels/ such as Chelsea, Manchester United etc.
Explain, using an example, how television may have contributed to supporters being more informed about a sport. (2)
Award up to two marks for a correct answer. Award one mark for an
example and one further mark for describing the example which must
relate to spectators being better educated.
Examples include:
• Video replays of action / showing rule infringements and showing which aspect of the rule was broken / such as the offside rules in
soccer
• Rules explanations / in breaks in action in events such as cricket/
the ‘stumpy’ snippets which explained laws of the game in detail
Explain, using an example, how the televising of sport may affect the levels of attendance at matches, competitions or events (2)
Award up to three marks for a correct answer.
Award one mark for the correct example of the televising of sport affecting attendance and up
to two further marks for the description relating to the level of attendance.
Note that the response can refer to attendance going up or down.
Examples include:
• if a soccer match, or event, is televised live / people are less likely to go along to watch / attendance levels will therefore go down as
spectators can watch it from the comfort of their own homes
• high profile events such as the Olympic Games / can give images of high level sport / which encourage people to go along to sample the atmosphere which is generated by the live event
Describe, using an example, how media coverage may have a positive effect on attendance at a sporting event (2)
Award up two marks for describing a positive effect that media coverage may have on attendance at a sporting event. (One mark for example and
one for how.)
• Increased media coverage may increase interest or attendance as people wish to see their role models/ e.g. increased attendance at Premiership rugby to see World Cup winners.
• Increased media coverage may increase participation in the sport so people can emulate role models/ e.g. higher membership numbers
at rugby clubs.
Describe, using an example, how media coverage may have a negative effect on attendance at a sporting event (2)
Award up two marks for describing a negative effect that media coverage
may have on attendance at a sporting event.
• Media coverage can decrease the number of people attending because they can watch it in comfort at home/ e.g. large number of live football
matches on TV on Sunday and Mondays or more televised rugby union.
• Media coverage can over-sensationalise or promote events leading to problems accommodating all of those who wish to attend/ e.g. difficult
to get tickets for FA Cup Final or Wimbledon finals.
Describe a positive effect which the media can have. Give an example in your answer (4)
Award up to four marks. Award up to two marks for describing the positive effect and up to two marks for the actual example given.
Examples:
• The media can give a better understanding of performance / which enables people to either enjoy watching the activity more or even to improve their actual performance. / This can be achieved by slow motion replays of an activity (such as gymnastics) / which allows all of the movement to be shown in
detail and appreciated fully
• The media will apportion a large amount of coverage to certain events. / This will raise their profile and make people more aware of them. / An example of this is the coverage of gymnastics within the Olympic Games / which triggers off an increase in
participation and membership in gymnastics clubs throughout the world.
Describe a negative effect which the media can have. Give an example in your answer (4)
Award up to four marks. Award up to two marks for describing the negative effect and up to two marks for the actual example given.
Examples:
• The media may have excess coverage of certain activities. / This can discourage people from going along to see the event. / As there is much
coverage of Premiership soccer on the television viewers will watch these matches / instead of watching lower level games and the revenue these lesser clubs receive is therefore reduced significantly
• The media can interfere with the timings of events. / This is done to cater for the largest viewing audiences they can have. / An example
is cricket / where there are not only day/night matches but also games arranged out of normal playing seasons to make sure there are sufficient
matches.
How can television increase the enjoyment of sport and physical activity? (5)
By offering or presenting:
- Pre-views / build up / follow up
- Different angles / close-ups
- A better overall view
- Action replays
- Action commentary
- Action explanations / analysis
- Interviews
- Access to the event (no ticket needed, no travel, no expenses, no effort)
- Programmes at convenient times
- Access to witnessing high standards / high profile events
- Live and recorded events (including highlights) / repeats
- Documentaries / behind the scenes
- A (24/7) reporting / information service
- Light entertainment eg quizzes
- Show new sports / favourite sports
How can television promote sport and physical activity? (5)
offering dedicated sports channels
- selecting a particular sport to broadcast, including minor/unusual sports
- determining how much air-time a sport will be allocated in a programme
• determining how much air-time a sport/an individual will be allocated in the
overall sport schedule
- determining the day the sport will be shown
- determining the time the sport will be shown
- determining how long a programme will last
- incorporating trailers
- including follow-up (analysis/chat)
- making reference to other publicity information e.g. on a web-site
- making reference to other support materials eg. books
- showing repeats
- showing a variety of programmes linked to the sport .
- e.g. previews/reviews
- e.g. news
- e.g. live match coverage
- e.g. recorded highlights
- e.g. quizzes
- e.g. teaching programmes
- e.g. documentaries
- e.g. dramas.
- inviting ‘stars’ as guests on other programmes
- advertising products and services connected with a sport
- offering competitions/prizes
- funding to sport via broadcasting rights
- featuring star performers/as role models + example.
