MEDIA Flashcards
THE MEDIA HAVE A NUMBER OF CHARACTERISTICS THAT SET IT APART FROM OTHER TYPES OF COMMUNICATION
DUTTON ET AL
CONCENTRATION OF OWNERSHIP
HOW THE MEDIA ARE INCREASINGLY OWNED BY A RELATIVELY SMALL NUMBER OF LARGE CORPORATION AND POWERFUL INDIVIDUALS
CONGLOMERATE IN
OLD MEDIA
NEW MEDIA
FININVEST
AMAZON
THERE IS AN APPEARANCE OF CHOICE IN THE MEDIA, ALTHOUGH SATELITTE AND CABLE OFFER SEVERAL DIFFERENT CHANNELS THE CONTENT IS LARGELY THE SAME, CHEAPLY MADE AND REPETITIVE
McCHESNEY
CONGLOMERATION
THE SAME COMPANY DEVELOPING INTERESTS ACROSS DIFFERENT MEDIA THROUGH A PROCESS OF DIVERSIFICATION
TECHNOCRATIC MANAGERIAL ELITE
GALBRAITH
NEW ECONOMIC SHIFT
DAVIS AND McADAM
BRITISH DAILY MAIL
HAS FALLING NUMBER OF READERS OF THE PRINT EDITION IN THE UK
BUT IS THE MOST VISITED NEWSPAPER SITE IN THE WORLD (50MILL VISITORS EA MONTH)
TELEVISION A HUGELY POPULAR LEISURE ACTIVITY
AROUND 85% OF ADULTS WATCHING IN THEIR FREE TIME
THE EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FOR DIRECT MEDIA EFFECT IS WEAK PARTLY BCS MOST RESEARCH TAKES PLACE UNDER ARTIFICIAL CONDITIONS
GAUNTLETT
WEINBERGER
FOR EVERY FACT ON THE INTERNET THERE IS AN EQUAL AND OPPOSITE FACT
SUCH DIRECT MODELS OF MEDIA EFFECT HAVE A BASIC FLAW THEY SEE AUDIENCES AS UNCRITICAL INDIVIDUALS EASILY INFLUENCED BY WHATEVER THEY READ, SEE OR HEAR
GAUNTLETT
BOBO DOLL EXPERIMENT
BANDURA ET AL
PROLONGED EXPOSURE TO MEDIA VIOLENCE PRODUCES VIOLENT BEHAVIOUR IN YOUNG MALES
BELSON
THERE IS A GENERAL LACK OF INTEREST IN TELEVISION AMONG YOUNG OFFENDERS
HAGELL AND NEWBURN
YOUNG CHILDREN MAY BE MEDIA LITERATE THEY HAVE AN UNDERSTANDING ABOUT THE MEDIA AND HOW IT WORKS
GAUNTLETT
KARTZ AND LAZARFIELD
TWO-STEP FLOW MODEL
REINFORCEMENT THEORY
A MODEL WHICH FOCUSES ON THE SOCIAL CONTEXT OF MEDIA USE. HOW THE MEDIA AFFECTS PEOPLE DEPENDS ON THE SOCIAL GROUPS TO WHICH THEY BELONG
PEOPLES BELIEFS ARE RELATED TO THE SOCIAL GROUPS THEIR IN
KLAPPER
McQUAIL ET AL FOR PRIMARY U&G
- DIVERSION/ENTERTAINMENT
- SOCIAL SOLIDARITY
- IDENTITY
- SURVEILLANCE
THE MEDIA INDUCES A GENERAL MINDSET AROUND PARTICULAR AREAS OF SOCIAL LIFE TAKING ON A HEGEMONIC ROLE WHERE SOME BELIEFS ARE ENCOURAGED AND OTHERS DISCOURAGED
CHANDLER
THE CONTINUAL REPETITION OF PATTERNS SERVE TO DEFINE THE WORLD AND LEGITIMIZE SOCIAL ORDER
GERBNER ET AL
_ SUGGESTS 3 WAYS A MEDIA MESSAGE IS READ BY AN AUDIENCE
- HEGEMONIC CODES
- NEGOTIATED CODES
- OPPOSITIONAL CODES
HALL
AUDIENCE RECEPTION THEORY
MEDIA MESSAGES ALWAYS HAVE A RANG OF POSSIBLE MEANINGS AND INTERPRETATIONS
MEDIA HAVE GROWN MORE POWERFUL AND PERVASIVE IN GLOBAL SOCIETIES
GERBNER
AUDIENCES ARE INCREASINGLY PERVERSE SPECTATORS THEY USE MEDIA IN THEIR OWN WAY AND FOR THEIR OWN MEANS THROUGH ACTIVATED MEANINGS CREATED BY HOW THEY INTERACT WITH MEDIA
STAIGER
ANY IMPACT IS CHANGED EACH TIME IT IS IDENTIFIED
STAIGER
CREATES MEDIA HOMOGENISATIONBY DEVELOPING A CONSUMERIST CULTURE
LECHNER
POPULAR TEEN MAGAZINES LINK APPEARANCE AND CONSUMERISM
KRAEPLIN
ADORNO AND HORKHEIMER
THE MEDIA BECOME A SOURCE OF MASS CULTURE THROUGH THE AGENCY OF CULTURE INDUSTRY
CRIMINAL CASE OF ERIC HARRIS AND DYLAN KLEBOLD
VIOLENT VIDEO GAME DOOM
BOYS WHO HAD SEEN A LOT OF TELEVISION HAD COMMITTED 49% MORE ACTS OF VIOLENCE THAN THOSE WITH LOW EXPOSURE
BELSON
(criticised for failing to distinguish adequately btw high exposure to television in general and high exposure to violent television programmes)
MEDIA COVERAGE LED TO DEMANDS FOR GREATER GUN CONTROL IN THE USA
PARKLAND, FLORIDA SCHOOL SHOOTING ON 14TH FEB 2018
BELSONS STUDY
1,565 TEEN BOYS IN LDN ARE A GOOD EXAMPLE OF METHODOLOGICAL DIFFICULTIES IN STUDYING THE INFLUENCE OF MEDIA AND DIFFICULTY IN MAKING DIRECT LINK BTW TV VIOLENCE AND BEHAVIOUR
MORAL PANICS REINFORCE ESTABLISHED MORAL VALUES IN 2 WAYS
- SETTING MORAL BOUNDARIES
- CREATING A SENSE OF SOCIAL AND MORAL SOLIDARITY IN TIMES OF UNCERTAINTY AND CHANGE
COHEN
MORAL PANIC
STANLEY COHEN
DEVIANCE AMPLIFICATION
WILKINS
COHENS CASE STUDY
THE MORAL PANIC WAS FOCUSED ON TWO TEEN GROUPS WHO BECAME FOLK DEVILS STANDING FOR EVERYTHING SUPPOSEDLY WRONG IN THE UK IN THE 60s
OPPORTUNITIES FOR MORAL PANICS OCCUR AT TIMES OF POLITICAL, ECONOMICAL AND IDEOLOGICAL CRISES IN CAPITALIST SOCIETIES
HALL ET AL
ARAB SPRING 2011
EVENTS SURROUNDING IT WERE EXTENSIVELY REPORTED THROUGH TWITTER
