MEDgems

Question 1

TB medication

Answer 1

R : orange secretions, cytochrome p450
I: hepatotoxic, peripheral neuropathy
P: hyperuricaemia
E: optic neuritis

Question 2

kernig’s sign

Answer 2

pain on passive extension of knees

Question 3

passive flexion of neck causes flexion of hip and knee

Answer 3

brudzinski

Question 4

do aminoglycosides give gram positive cover?

Answer 4

no

Question 5

malaria mosquito vector

Answer 5

female anophele

Question 6

coronovirus belongs to

Answer 6

sars-cov-2
coronavirididae

Question 7

what subtype of herpes simplex virus is implicated in encephalitis?

Answer 7

HSV type 1

Question 8

primary infective lesion in lungs by mycobacterium?

Answer 8

Ghon’s focus
lower zones towards periphery of lung - calcifies

Question 9

scoring system - sore throat

Answer 9

CENTOR

Question 10

vancomycin is what kind of antibiotic?

Answer 10

glycopeptide

Question 11

oseltamivir inhibits what enzyme?

Answer 11

neuramindase

Question 12

gold standard for diagnosing fungal infection?

Answer 12

culture
but takes long

chemical reaction / micrscopy

Question 13

how to investigate allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis ?

Answer 13

methenamine silver stain

Question 14

what does india ink stain for ?

Answer 14

cryptococcus

Question 15

pneumocystis is investigated with what stain?

Answer 15

periodic acid-schiff

Question 16

what growth medium to differentiate streptococci?

Answer 16

blood agar
alpha haemolytic: GREEn

beta haemolytic: goes clear

Question 17

cat scratch disease?

Answer 17

Bartonella henselae

Question 18

fungal antigen in invasive aspergillosis?

Answer 18

galactomannan

Question 19

severe malaria in children is what % of RBC

Answer 19

2%

Question 20

severe malarial infection management?

Answer 20

IV artesunate

Question 21

pork tapeworm

Answer 21

taenia solium

Question 22

how is Q fever diagnosed?

Answer 22

serology

Question 23

visceral leishmanias mx?

Answer 23

liposomal amphotericin B

Question 24

scarambled egg ; profuse diarrhoea?

Question 25

beta haemolytic strep

Answer 25

Group A - Streptococcus pyogenes (skin infections, nec fasc) Group B - Streptococcus agalactiae (neonatal infection) Group D - Enterococci

Question 26

alpha haemolytic strep

Answer 26

Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus viridans.

Question 27

malarial species 72 hour fever pattern

Answer 27

plasmodium malariae

Question 28

atypical lymphocytes are a hallmark of?

Answer 28

epstein barr virus

Question 29

painless penile ulcer inguinal lymphadenopthy?

Answer 29

primary syphilis

Question 30

q fever

Answer 30

coxiella burnetii

Question 31

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a slow-growing bacterium that requires a specialized growth medium like then how do you see bacteria?

Answer 31

Löwenstein-Jensen 1st grow then use ziehl-neelson stain

Question 32

class of organisms host of coxiella burnetii

Answer 32

mammal - cows, sheep,goats

Question 33

what organism causes listeriosis?

Answer 33

listeria monocytogenes > meningitis, encephalitis, sepsis gram + rod amoxicillin

Question 34

1st line abx for limited impetigo?

Answer 34

fusidic acid

Question 35

ulcerative, plaque or verruca like affecting readily exposed skin, such as forearms or shins

Answer 35

Leishmaniasis is a protozoan disease spread by sandflies

Question 36

aspergillus stain

Answer 36

methenamine silver stain

Question 37

leptospirosis - what animal urine transmits spirochaete

Answer 37

rat

Question 38

athelete's foot is caused by?

Answer 38

trichophyton rubrum

Question 39

HRCT scan shows large bullae and large left lobe rounded mass surrounded by crescent of air HIV + pt with haemoptysis

Answer 39

aspergilloma

Question 40

how to diagnose malaria?

Answer 40

thick blood film

Question 41

bacterial vaginosis mx

Answer 41

metronidazole

Question 42

types of leishmaniasis

Answer 42

cutaneous mucocutaneous - amphotericin black fever/ visceral - amphotericin B

Question 43

how to differ between chlamydia and gonorrhoea

Answer 43

NAAT test nucleic acid amplification test

Question 44

typical presentation of listeriosis in immunocompetent

Answer 44

gastroenteritis

Question 45

A 16 year old athlete is seen by a pharmacist for an itchy white rash between his toes.

Answer 45

clotrimazole

Question 46

dengue belongs to what family of virus?

Answer 46

flavivirus 3-14 days after infection

Question 47

lyme is caused by?

Answer 47

borrelia burgdorferi

Question 48

what phylum do leptospira, borrelia belong to?

Answer 48

Spirochaetes

Question 49

what antimicrobial 1st line for fungal infection is the best answer because it has a high cure rate for severe, widespread fungal nail infections

Answer 49

Terbinafine

Question 50

atypical mycobacterium marine biologist

Answer 50

mycobacterium marinum

Question 51

where do leishmania parasites multiply? gold standard diagnostic test?

Answer 51

macrophage splenic aspirate

Question 52

beef tapeworm?

Answer 52

taenia saginata

Question 53

mild URTI causative agent?

Answer 53

rhinovirus

Question 54

Chancroid what organism?

Answer 54

Haemophilus ducreyi

Question 55

diagnostic test for the presence of tinea or trycophyton (skin fungal infections) fast / quicker result

Answer 55

Potassium hydroxide test

Question 56

microscopy for fungal cryptococcus pneumocystis periodic acid-schiff

Answer 56

india ink methenamine (silver stain) PAS or methenamine silver stain

Question 57

53 yr old plumber - worsening chest infection even after amoxicillin

Answer 57

legionella water system atypical mx: doxycycline

Question 58

severe vomiting after eating chicken? 2 hours 1 day ago at bbq

Answer 58

staph aureus campylobacter

Question 59

HSV transmission is worse when? in pregnancy?

Answer 59

third trimester

Question 60

clue cells on microscopy of vaginal discharge?

Answer 60

bacterial vaginosis

Question 61

Argyll Robertson pupil

Answer 61

constrict when focus- react but not to light neurosyphylis