MEDELIAN INHERITANCE Flashcards
what are traits and give example?
an inherited characteristic
•eyecolor, hair
what did Gregor Mendel do?
He performed experiments on pea plants
why were pea plants Mendels choice of study?
They reproduce quickly
They have male and female reproductive organs
They are self and cross fertilizing
what is seven traits did Mendel study?
Seed shape
seed colour
Flower colour
flower position
Pod shape
pod colour
Stem length
what was one of Mendel’s experiments?
he crossed pollinated purple and white plants
define homozygous and example
a Genotype where the alleles of a pair are the same
(AA OR aa)
define heterozygous and example
A genotype where the alleles of a pair are different
(Aa)
where does each allele come from?
one allele comes from each parent
when do alleles separate?
During meiosis
when will the dominant traits be expressed?
If two dominant factors are present (homozygous dominant AA)
One dominant and one recessive factor is present (heterozygous Aa)
when is the recessive trait expressed?
If two recessive factors are present
(homozygous recessive aa)
define allele
A specific form of a gene either dominant or recessive
define genotype
The genetic makeup of an individual
(eg AA)
define phenotype
The physical appearance of a gene
how do we predict inheritance of alleles?
Punnett squares
what is a dihybrid cross?
a cross that shows the possible offspring for two traits
(eg seed shape and seed colour )
what was Mendel’s law of independent assortment
Alleles of different genes assort independently during gamete formation
If a person is heterozygous will the recessive trait show up?
no, because it is masked by the dominant allele
( there needs to be two recessive alleles for it to show up)
