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Med Term Vocab > Med Term- Module 6 > Flashcards

Med Term- Module 6 Flashcards

1
Q

acetabulum

A

Rounded depression, or socket, in the pelvis that joins the femur, forming the hip joint

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2
Q

acromion

A

outward extension of the shoulder blade forming the point of the shoulder

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3
Q

bone

A

dense, hard connective tissue composing the skeleton

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4
Q

calcaneus

A

heel bone

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5
Q

calcium

A

one of the mineral constituents of the bone

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6
Q

cancellous bone

A

spongy; porous, bone tissue in the upper part of the bone

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7
Q

cartilage

A

flexible, connective tissue; found in the immature skeleton, at the epiphyseal growth plate, and on joint surfaces

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8
Q

collage

A

dense, connective tissue protein strands found in bone and other tissues

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9
Q

compact bone

A

hard, dense bone tissue, usually found around the outer portion of bones

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10
Q

condyle

A

a rounded protuberance at the end of some bones, forming an articulation with another bone

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11
Q

cranial bones

A

skull bones, ethmoid, frontal, occipital, parietal, sphenoid, and temporal

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12
Q

diaphysis

A

shaft or mid-portion, of a long bone

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13
Q

disc

A

flat, round, plate-like structure

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14
Q

epiphyseal plate

A

cartilaginous area at the ends of long bones where lengthwise growth takes place in the immature skeleton

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15
Q

epiphysis

A

each end of a long bone; the area beyond the epiphyseal plate

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16
Q

facial bones

A

bones of the face; lacrimal, mandibular, maxillary, nasal, vomer, zygomatic

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17
Q

fissure

A

a natural cleft between body parts or in the substance of an organ

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18
Q

fontanelle

A

soft spot between the skull bones of an infant

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19
Q

foramen

A

the bony hollow archway created by pedicles of adjacent vertebrae

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20
Q

fossa

A

a depression or hollow

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21
Q

haversian canals

A

minute spaces filled with blood vessels; found in compact bone

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22
Q

malleolus

A

round process on both sides of the ankle joint

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23
Q

manubrium

A

upper portion of the sternum joins with the clavicle to form the sternoclavicular joint

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24
Q

mastoid process

A

rounded projection on the temporal bone behind the ear

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25
Q

medullary cavity

A

central, hollowed-out area in the shaft of a long bone

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26
Q

metaphysis

A

flared portion of a long bone, between the diaphysis and the epiphyseal plate

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27
Q

olecranon

A

large process on the proximal end of the ulna at the elbow

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28
Q

osseous tissue

A

bone tissue

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29
Q

ossification

A

process of bone formation

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30
Q

osteoblast

A

bone cell that helps form bony tissue

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31
Q

osteoclast

A

bone cell that absorbs and removes unwanted bony tissue

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32
Q

periosteum

A

membrane surrounding bones; rich in blood vessels and nerve tissue

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33
Q

phosphorus

A

mineral substance found in bones in combination with calcium

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34
Q

pubic symphysis

A

junction of the two public bones in the anterior of the pelvis

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35
Q

red bone marrow

A

soft spongy tissue found in the interior of flat bones, such as the hip and breast bone; site of hematopoiesis

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36
Q

ribs

A

twelve pairs of curved bones that form of the chest wall

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37
Q

sella turcica

A

depression in the sphenoid bone where the pituitary gland is located

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38
Q

sinus

A

hollow air cavity within a bone

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39
Q

styloid process

A

pole-like process extending downward from the temporal bone on each side of the skull

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40
Q

suture

A

immovable joint between bones, such as the skull

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41
Q

temporomandibular joint

A

connection on either side of the head between the temporal bone of the skull and mandibular bone of the jaw

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42
Q

trabeculae

A

supporting latticework of bony fibers in cancellous bone

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43
Q

trochanter

A

a rough prominence at the upper part of the femur of many vertebrates serving usually for the attachment of muscles

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44
Q

tubercle

A

a small rounded projection or protuberance, especially on a bone or on the surface of an animal or plant.

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45
Q

tuberosity

A

an elevation on the proximal, anterior aspect of the tibia

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46
Q

vertebra

A

individual segment of the spine composed of the vertebral body, vertebral arch, spinous process, transverse process, and lamina, enclosing the neural canal and spinal cord

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47
Q

dorsiflexion

A

decreasing the angle of the ankle joint so that the foot moves upward

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48
Q

extension

A

increasing the angle between two bones

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49
Q

flexion

A

decreasing the angle between two bones

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50
Q

plantar flexion

A

motion that moves the foot downward toward the ground as when pointing the toes or stepping on the gas pedal

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51
Q

pronation

A

turning the palm down

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52
Q

rotation

A

circular movement around an axis

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53
Q

supination

A

act of turning the palm up

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54
Q

fascia

A

fibrous membrane separating and enveloping muscles

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55
Q

insertion of a muscle

A

connection of the muscle to a bone that moves

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56
Q

origin of a muscle

A

connection of the muscle to a stationary bone

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57
Q

striated muscle

A

muscle connected to bones; voluntary or skeletal muscle

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58
Q

visceral muscle

A

muscle connected to internal organs

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59
Q

fasci/o

A

fascia

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60
Q

fibr/o

A

fibrous connective tissue

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61
Q

leiomy/o

A

smooth muscle that lines the walls of internal organs

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62
Q

my/o

A

muscle

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63
Q

myocardio/o

A

heart muscle

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64
Q

myos/o

A

muscle

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65
Q

plant/o

A

sole of the foot

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66
Q

rhabdomy/o

A

skeletal muscle connected to bones

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67
Q

rhabdomy/o

A

skeletal muscle connected to bones

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68
Q

-asthenia

A

lack of strength

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69
Q

-trophy

A

development, nourishment

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70
Q

ab-

A

away from

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71
Q

ad-

A

toward

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72
Q

dorsi-

A

back

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73
Q

poly-

A

many, much

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74
Q

muscular dystrophy

A

group of inherited diseases characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of muscle fibers without involvement of the nervous system

75
Q

polymyositis

A

chronic inflammatory myopathy

76
Q

antinuclear antibody test

A

detects an antibody often present in serum of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

77
Q

antinuclear antibody test

A

detects an antibody often present in serum of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

78
Q

erythrocyte sedimentation rate

A

measures time it takes for erythrocytes to settle to the bottom of a test tube

79
Q

rheumatoid factor text

A

serum is tested for the presence of an antibody found in many patients with rheumatoid arthritis

80
Q

serum calcium

A

measurement of calcium level in serum

81
Q

serum creatine kinase

A

measurement of the enzyme creatine kinase in serum

82
Q

uric acid test

A

measurement of uric acid in serum

83
Q

arthrocentesis

A

surgical puncture to remove fluid from the joint space

84
Q

arthrography

A

taking x-ray images after injection of contrast material into joint

85
Q

arthroplasty

A

surgical repair or replacement of a joint

86
Q

arthroscopy

A

visual examination of a joint with an arthroscope, which projects an image on a video monitor

87
Q

bone density test

A

low energy x-ray absorption in bones of the spinal column, pelvis, and wrist is used to measure bone mass

88
Q

bone scan

A

uptake of a radioactive substance is measure in bone

89
Q

computed tomography

A

x-ray beam and computer show cross-sectional and other images of body tissue

90
Q

diskography

A

x-ray examination of cervical or lumbar intervertebral disc after injection of contrast into nucleus polposus

91
Q

electromyography

A

recording the electrical activity of muscle tissue

92
Q

xiphoid process

A

the lower, narrow portion of the sternum

93
Q

yellow bone marrow

A

fatty tissue found in the medullary cavity of most adult long bones

94
Q

calc/o, calci/o

A

calcium

95
Q

calcane/o

A

calcaneus

96
Q

carp/o

A

carpals

97
Q

clavicul/o

A

clavicle

98
Q

cost/o

A

ribs

99
Q

crani/o

A

cranium

100
Q

femor/o

A

femur

101
Q

fibul/o

A

fibula

102
Q

humer/o

A

humerus

103
Q

ili/o

A

ilium

104
Q

ischi/o

A

ischium

105
Q

kyph/o

A

humpback, hunchback

106
Q

lamin/o

A

lamina

107
Q

lord/o

A

curve, swayback

108
Q

lumb/o

A

loins, lower back

109
Q

malleol/o

A

malleolus

110
Q

mandibul/o

A

mandible (lower jaw bone)

111
Q

maxill/o

A

maxilla (upper jaw bone)

112
Q

metacarp/o

A

metacarpals

113
Q

metatars/o

A

metatarsals

114
Q

myel/o

A

bone marrow

115
Q

olecran/o

A

olecranon

116
Q

orth/o

A

straight

117
Q

oste/o

A

bone

118
Q

patell/o

A

patella

119
Q

pelv/i

A

pelvis

120
Q

phalang/o

A

phalanges

121
Q

pub/o

A

pubis

122
Q

radi/o

A

radius

123
Q

scapul/o

A

scapula

124
Q

scoli/o

A

crooked, bent

125
Q

stern/o

A

sternum

126
Q

tars/o

A

tarsals

127
Q

spondyl/o

A

vertebra

128
Q

tars/o

A

tarsals

129
Q

tibi/o

A

tibia

130
Q

uln/o

A

ulna

131
Q

vertebr/o

A

vertebra

132
Q

-blast

A

embryonic or immature cell

133
Q

-clast

A

to break

134
Q

-listhesis

A

slipping

135
Q

-malacia

A

softening

136
Q

-physis

A

to grow

137
Q

-porosis

A

pore, passage

138
Q

-tome

A

instrument to cut

139
Q

ewing sarcoma

A

rare malignant tumor arising in bone

140
Q

exostosis

A

bony growth arising from the surface of the bone

141
Q

fracture

A

traumatic breaking of a bone

142
Q

osteogenic sarcoma

A

malignant tumor arising from osteoblasts

143
Q

osteomalacia

A

softening of bone, with inadequate amounts of mineral in the bone

144
Q

osteomyelitis

A

inflammation of the bone and bone marrow secondary to infection

145
Q

osteoporosis

A

decrease in bone density, thinning and weakening of bone

146
Q

talipes

A

congenital abnormality of the hindfoot

147
Q

articulation

A

any type of joint

148
Q

bursa

A

sac of fluid near a joint

149
Q

ligament

A

fibrous, connective bands binding bones to other bones

150
Q

suture joint

A

immovable joint

151
Q

synovial cavity

A

space between bones at a synovial joint

152
Q

synovial fluid

A

viscous fluid within the synovial cavity

153
Q

synovial joint

A

a freely movable joint

154
Q

synovial membrane

A

tissue lining the synovial cavity

155
Q

tendon

A

fibrous, connective tissue binding muscles to bones

156
Q

ankyl/o

A

stiff

157
Q

arthr/o

A

joint

158
Q

articul/o

A

joint

159
Q

burs/o

A

bursa

160
Q

chondr/o

A

cartilage

161
Q

ligament/o

A

ligament

162
Q

rheumat/o

A

watery flow

163
Q

synov/o

A

synovial membrane

164
Q

ten/o

A

tendon

165
Q

tendin/o

A

tendon

166
Q

-desis

A

to bind, tie together

167
Q

-stenosis

A

narrowing

168
Q

ankylosing spondylitis

A

chronic, progressive arthritis with stiffening of joints

169
Q

arthritis

A

inflammation of any joint

170
Q

bunion

A

enlargement of bone or tissue around the joint at the base

171
Q

carpal tunnel syndrome

A

compression of the median nerve as it passes between the transverse ligament, and bones and tendons of the wrist

172
Q

dislocation

A

displacement of a bone from its joint

173
Q

ganglion cyst

A

fluid-filled sac arising from joint capsules or tendons

174
Q

gouty arthritis

A

inflammation of painful swelling in and around joints caused by deposition of uric acid crystals

175
Q

herniation of an intervertebral disc

A

abnormal protrusion of an intervertebral disc into the spinal canal or spinal nerves

176
Q

lyme disease

A

chronic, recurrent disorder marked by severe arthritis, myalgia and malaise; cause is a bacterium carried by a tick

177
Q

osteoarthritis

A

progressive, degenerative joint disease with loss of articular cartilage and hypertrophy of the bone at articular surfaces

178
Q

rheumatoid arthritis

A

chronic joint condition with inflammation and pain

179
Q

sprain

A

injury, often the result of trauma, involving overstretching of the ligaments around a joint

180
Q

systemic lupus erythematosus

A

chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease involving joints, skin, kidneys, central nervous system, heart, and lungs

181
Q

abduction

A

movement away from the midline of the body

182
Q

adduction

A

movement toward the midline of the body

183
Q

magnetic resonance imaging

A

strong magnetic field and advanced computing technology are used to create high-resolution images of soft tissues inside the body

184
Q

muscle biopsy

A

removal of tissue for microscopic examination to assess for abnormalities or disease

Med Term Vocab (14 decks)

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