Med Term- Module 3 Flashcards
abdominal cavity
space below the chest containing organs such as the liver, stomach, gallbladder, and intestines
adipose tissue
collection of fat cells
anabolism
process of building up large proteins from small protein pieces called amino acids
anterior (ventral)
front side of the body
cartilage
chondro- type of connective tissue
catabolism
process, whereby complex nutrients are broken down to simpler substances and energy, is released
cell membrane
structure surrounding the and protecting the cell; also determines what enters and leaves the cell
cervical
pertaining to the neck
chromosome
rod-like structures within the nucleus
circulatory system
system containing the heart, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and nodes, spleen, and thymus gland
coccygeal
region of the coccyx
coccyx
tailbone
connective tissue
tissue that binds and supports other tissues and parts
cranial
pertaining to skull
cranial cavity
the body cavity containing the pituitary gland and brain
cytoplasm
cell formation
deep
away from the surface
diaphragm
muscle separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities
digestive system
the system that includes the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas
disc/disk
pad of cartilage between vertebra
distal
far from the point of attachment to the trunk or near the beginning of a structure
DNA
the chemical found within each chromosome
dorsal
the backside of the body
endocrine system
contains the thyroid gland, pituitary gland, sex glands, adrenal glands, pancreas, and parathyroid glands
endoplasmic reticulum
network of canals within the cytoplasm of the cell
epigastric region
the region above the stomach
epithelial
tissue that covers the outside of the body and lines the inner surface or internal organs
epithelial cell
skin cell
epithelial tissue
forms the linings of internal organs, and the outer surface of the skin covering the body
fat
the adipose tissue of the body (adip/o)
fat cell
a cell containing fat (adipocyte)
frontal
dividing the body or structure into anterior or posterior portions
genes
regions of DNA within each chromosome
dorsal
pertaining to the back
histologist
scientist who specializes in the study of tissues
hypochondraic regions
right and left upper regions beneath the ribs
hypogastric region
middle lower region below the umbilical region
iliac
the upper portion of the hip bone
inferior
below another structure
inguinal regions
right and left lower regions near the groin
inguinal
pertaining to the groin
karyotype
picture of chromosomes in the nucleus of the cell
larynx
voice box
lateral
pertaining to the side
left lower quadrant
contains parts of the small and large intestines, left ovary, left fallopian tubed, and left ureter
left upper quadrants
contains liver, stomach, spleen, part of the pancreas, and parts of the small and large intestine
lumbar regions
loin (waist) region
lumbar
pertaining to back
medial
pertaining to the middle, or nearer the medial plane of the body
mediastinum
centrally located space outside of and between the lungs
metabolism
total of the chemical processes in a cell
mitochondria
rod-shaped structures in the cytoplasm that prived the principal source of energy for the cell
muscle cell
long and slender; contains fibers that aid in contracting and relaxing
muscle tissue
shorten or contract in order to produce movement of the body
musculoskeletal system
muscles, bones, and joints
nerve cell
long and have various fibrous extensions that aid in its job of carrying impulses
nerve tissue
conducts impulses all over the body
nervous system
brain, spinal cords, nerves, and collection of nerves
nucleus
control center of the cell
pelvic
the lower part of the abdomen
pelvic cavity
portions of the small and large intestines, rectum, urinary bladder, urethra, and ureters, and vagina in the female
peritoneum
the double-folded membrane surrounding the abdominal cavity
pharynx
throat
pituitary gland
an endocrine gland at the base of the brain
pleura
the double-folded membrane surrounding each lung
pleural cavity
space between the pleural layers
posterior
pertaining to the back
prone
lying on the belly
proximal
near the point of attachment to the trunk or near the beginning of a structure
respiratory system
nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchial tubes, and lungs
reproductive system
ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, and mammary glands
right lower quadrant
contains parts of the small and large intestines, right ovary, right fallopian tube, appendix, and right ureter
right upper quadrant
contains the liver, gallbladder, part of the pancreas, and parts of the small and large intestines
sacrum
located at the base of the lumbar vertebrae
sagittal
divide the body into right and left sides
skin system
skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands
slipped disk
a disc that moves out of place and puts pressure on a nerve
spinal
pertaining to the spine
spinal cavity
space within the spinal column containing the spinal
cord
spinal cord
nervous tissue within the spinal cavity
spinal cavity
bone tissue surrounding the spinal cavity
superficial
on the surface
superior
above another structure
superior (cephalic)
above another structure, pertaining to the head
supine
lying on the back
thoracic
chest region
thoracic cavity
space in the chest containing the heart, lungs, bronchial tubes, trachea, esophagus, and other organs
thyroid gland
endocrine gland that surrounds the trachea in the neck
trachea
windpipe
transverse
dividing the body into upper and lower portions
umbilical region
central region near the navel
ureter
one of two tubes, each leading from a single kidney to the urinary bladder
urethra
tube from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body
urinary system
kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra
uterus
womb
ventral
pertaining to the front
vertebra
single backbone
viscera
internal organs in the main cavities of the body
abdomin/o
abdomen
adip/o
fat
anter/o
front
bol/o
cast, throw
cervic/o
neck
chondr/o
cartilage
chromo/o
color
coccyg/o
coccyx (tailbone)
crani/o
skull
cyt/o
cell
dist/o
far, distant
dors/o
back portion of the body
hist/o
tissue
ili/o
ilium
inguin/o
groin
kary/o
nucleus
later/o
side
lumb/o
lower back
medi/o
middle
nucle/o
nucleus
pelv/i
pelvis
pharyng/o
pharynx
poster/o
bach, behind
proxim/o
nearest
sacr/o
sacrum
sarc/o
flesh
spin/o
spine/ backbone
thel/o, theli/o
nipple
thorac/o
ches
trache/o
trachea, windpipe
umbilic/o
navel, umbilicus
ventr/o
belly side of the body
vertebr/o
vertebrae, backbone
viscer/o
internal organs
ana-
up
cata-
down
epi-
above
hypo-
below
inter-
between
intra-
within
meta-
change
-eal
pertaining to
-iac
pertaining to
-ior
pertaining to
-ism
porcess, condition
-ose
pertaining to, full of
-plasm
formation
-somes
bodies
-type
picture, classification
