Med List #8: Diabetes and Cholesterol Flashcards
Hypertriglyceridemia
omega-3 fatty acids, fenofibrate
Hyperlipidemia
atorvastatin, rosuvastatin, ezetimibe
Diabetes
insulin lispro, insulin glargine, metformin, dapagliflozin, liraglutide
omega-3 fatty acids: Brand Names
Lovaza
omega-3 fatty acids: Common Strengths
1g
omega-3 fatty acids: Common Frequency
4g QD, 2g BID
omega-3 fatty acids: Indications/Use
- Hypertriglyceridemia
- Dietary supplement
omega-3 fatty acids: Counseling Tips and Important Info
- Burping and taste disturbances
- Swallow whole, do not open
- Refrigerate to reduce taste and smell
fenofibrate: Brand Name
Trillipix, Tricor
fenofibrate: Common Strengths
45mg, 48mg, 138mg, 145mg
fenofibrate: Common Frequency
QD
fenofibrate: Indications/Use
Hypertriglyceridemia
fenofibrate: Counseling Tips and Important Info
- Increased liver enzymes
- Discontinue if gallstones form
- Photosensitivity
atorvastatin: Brand Name
Lipitor
atorvastatin: Common Strengths
10mg, 20mg, 40mg, 80mg
atorvastatin: Common Frequency
QD
atorvastatin: Indications/Use
- Hyperlipidemia (Reduce LDL cholesterol, reduce triglycerides, increase HDL cholesterol)
- Cardiovascular disease prevention
atorvastatin: Counseling Tips and Important Info
- Increased liver enzymes
- Report unusual muscle pain, tenderness, weakness, or dark urine - rhabdomyolysis
- Avoid grapefruit juice (increased drug concentration)
- Contraindicated in pregnancy
- Diarrhea
rosuvastatin: Brand Names
Crestor
rosuvastatin: Common Strengths
5mg, 10mg, 20mg, 40mg
rosuvastatin: Common Frequency
QD
rosuvastatin: Indications/Use
- Hyperlipidemia (Reduce LDL cholesterol, reduce triglycerides, increase HDL cholesterol)
- Cardiovascular disease prevention
rosuvastatin: Counseling Tips and Important Info
- Increased liver enzymes
- Report unusual muscle pain, tenderness, weakness, or dark urine - rhabdomyolysis
- Avoid grapefruit juice (increased drug concentration)
- Contraindicated in pregnancy
- Diarrhea
ezetimibe: Brand Name
Zetia
ezetimibe: Common Strengths
10mg
ezetimibe: Common Frequency
QD
ezetimibe: Indications/Use
Hyperlipidemia
ezetimibe: Counseling Tips and Important Info
- Increased liver enzymes
- Diarrhea
insulin lispro (rapid-acting): Brand Name
Humalog
insulin lispro (rapid-acting): Common Strengths
100 units/mL
insulin lispro (rapid-acting): Common Frequency
Individualized dosing - Inject 15 min before or immediately after meals
insulin lispro (rapid-acting): Indications/Use
- Type 1 Diabetes
- Type 2 Diabetes
insulin lispro (rapid-acting): Counseling Tips and Important Info
- Low blood sugar (sweating, nausea, dizziness)
- Refrigerate unopened vials
- Discard after 28 days if at room temperature
- Let syringe reach room temp prior to injection to avoid painful injection
- Rotate injection sites
insulin glargine (long-acting): Brand Name
Lantus
insulin glargine (long-acting): Common Strengths
100 units/ml
insulin glargine (long-acting): Common Frequency
Individualized dosing - QD
insulin glargine (long-acting): Indications/Use
- Type 1 Diabetes
- Type 2 Diabetes
insulin glargine (long-acting): Counseling Tips and Important Info
- Low blood sugar (sweating, nausea, dizziness)
- Refrigerate unopened vials
- Discard after 28 days if at room temperature
- Let syringe reach room temp prior to injection to avoid painful injection
- Rotate injection sites
metformin: Brand Name
Glucophage
metformin: Common Strengths
500mg, 850mg, 1000mg
metformin: Common Frequency
BID or TID
MAX: 2550 mg/day
metformin: Indications/Use
- Type 2 Diabetes
- Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
- Weight loss
metformin: Counseling Tips and Important Info
- Diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain
- Take w/ food
- Titrate dose up weekly (to reduce stomach upset, diarrhea)
- Long-term use can cause Vitamin B-12 deficiency
dapagliflozin: Brand Name
Farxiga
dapagliflozin: Common Strengths
5mg, 10mg
dapagliflozin: Common Frequency
QD
dapagliflozin: Indications/Use
- Type 2 Diabetes
- Chronic kidney disease
- Heart failure w/ reduced ejection fraction
dapagliflozin: Counseling Tips and Important Info
- Urinary tract infection
- Increased urine output
- Decreased blood pressure
liraglutide: Brand Name
Victoza, Saxenda
liraglutide: Common Strengths
18mg/3ml
liraglutide: Common Frequency
0.6mg daily for 1 week, titrated up weekly to 1.8mg daily for diabetes, 3 mg daily for weight management
liraglutide: Indications/Use
- Type 2 Diabetes
- Weight management
liraglutide: Counseling Tips and Important Info
- Low blood sugar (sweating, nausea, dizziness)
- Rotate injection sites
- Diarrhea
- Nausea
- Headache