Mechanisms To Promote Fluid Excretion

Question 1

Diuretics

Answer 1

Increase urine production, decrease sodium reabsorption

Question 2

Loop diuretics

Answer 2

Reduce reabsorption of sodium in the thick ascending limb, decreased osmolality in interstitial fluid, decreased osmolality and inability to concentrate urine

Question 3

Thiazide diuretics

Answer 3

Prevents Sodium chloride unable to be reabsorbed in the distal convoluted tube
Consequences: increased potassium exCretion and Uric acid retention

Question 4

Potassium sparing diuretics

Answer 4

Aldosterone receptor antagonist, reduce sodium reabsorption in the distal tube
Mechanism of action: because aldosterone is inhibited this means sodium is excreted and water as well
Adverse effects: metabolic acidosis and loss of hydrogen ions

Question 5

Furosemide

Answer 5

Diuretic
Loop
Acts on the loop of Henley
Low potassium, abnormal heart rate, affects muscles

Question 6

Hydrochlorothiazide

Answer 6

Diuretic
Thiazide diuretic
Excretes water and potassium from kidneys not from loop of Henley
Potassium loss

Question 7

Spironolactone

Answer 7

Diuretic
Aldosterone receptor antagonist
Potassium can get too high
cardiac altered heart beat