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mechanisms + reaction conditions Flashcards

1
Q
  1. alkene to haloalkane
A

electrophilic addition
Hydrogen halide

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2
Q
  1. alkene to alkyl hydrogen sulfate
A

electrophilic addition
H2SO4

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3
Q
  1. haloalkane to alkene
A

elimination
KOH
(hot ethanol)

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4
Q
  1. alkene to primary alcohol
A

hydration
H+ ion from H2SO4 or H3PO4
high temperate
high pressure

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5
Q
  1. primary alcohol to alkene
A

elimination
H+ ion from H2SO4 or H3PO4
180 degrees C

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6
Q
  1. haloalkene to primary alcohol
A

nucleophilic substitution
NaOH
aqueous
warm

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7
Q
  1. haloalkene to nitrile
A

nucleophilic substitution
KCN
ethanol conditions
warm

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8
Q
  1. haloalkane to amine
A

nucleophilic substitution
NH3
warm

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9
Q
  1. aldehyde to alcohol
A

reduction
NABH4

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10
Q
  1. aldehyde to hydroxynitrile
A

nucleophilic addition
HCN

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11
Q
  1. alcohol to aldehyde
A

oxidation
acidified potassium dichromate
heat
distilled

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12
Q
  1. aldehyde/alcohol to carboxylic acid
A

oxidation
acidified potassium dichromate
heat
reflux

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13
Q
  1. carboxylic acid to ester
A

nucleophilic addition elimination
alcohol
conc H2SO

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14
Q
  1. alcohol to ester
A

nucleophilic addition elimination
carboxylic acid/acyl chloride/acid anhydride

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15
Q
  1. nitrile to amine
A

reduction
H2
nickel catalyst
200 degrees C
LiALH4

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16
Q
  1. amine to amide
A

nucelophillic addition elimination
acyl chloride/acid anhydride

17
Q
  1. nitration of benzene
A

electrophilic sub
NO2+ ion from conc nitric and conc sulphuric acid
reflux
25-60 degrees celsius

18
Q
  1. nitrated benzene to methyl benzene
A

reduction
Sn and HCl

19
Q
  1. methyl benzene to phenyl methyl amine
A

nucleophilic sub
CH3 Cl

20
Q
  1. benzene to acyl benzene
A

electrophilic sub
AlCl3
heat
acyl chloride

21
Q
  1. benzene to alkyl benzene
A

electrophillic sub
AlCl3
heat
haloalkane

chemistry (8 decks)

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