Mechanisms of Hypersensitivity

Question 1

Type 1 hypersensitivity mediated by

Answer 1

IgE, Mast cell derived mediators

“immediate”

Question 2

mast cell mediators

Answer 2

preformed (granules) - histamine, serotonin, heparin, serine proteases
newly formed lipid mediators (eicosanoids)
prostaglandin D2, Leukotrienes

Question 3

major contributor to tissue damage

Answer 3

eosiniphils induced by FCER1

Question 4

Leukotriene function

Answer 4

increase capillary permeability and mucus production
slower effect, similar to histamine
much more powerful and longer-acting

Question 5

IL-4 function

Answer 5

Th2 growth factor
IgE isotype switching
Increases expression of Vcam

Question 6

IL-13 function

Answer 6

airway eosinophilia
mucus gland hyperplasia
airway fibrosis and remodeling

Question 7

IL-5 function

Answer 7

regulator of eosinophil production and survival

Question 8

TNF function

Answer 8

recruitment and activaiton of inflammatory cells

altered function and growth fo airway smooth muscles

Question 9

only cells that contain histamine

Answer 9

basophils and mast cells

Question 10

preformed mediators of mast cells include

Answer 10

histamine
heparin
trypstase
release quickly (5 minutes)

Question 11

generated mediators of mast cells include

Answer 11

arachidonic acid 
leukotriene D4 
prostaglandin D2 
released in 5-30 minutes 
after 30 --> IL-4, TNF-alpha