Mechanisms of Cell Death Flashcards
1
Q
dsDNA break / Gy
A
40
2
Q
ssDNA break / Gy
A
500~1000
3
Q
base damage / Gy
A
1000~2000
4
Q
sugar damage / Gy
A
800-1600
5
Q
DNA crosslinks / Gy
A
30
6
Q
DNA-protein crosslinks /Gy
A
150
7
Q
2 hit hypothesis
A
1st hit is inherited; second is environmental
8
Q
Loss of tumor suppressor gene PTEN
A
glioblastoma
9
Q
Amplification of N-myc-oncogene
A
neuroblastoma
10
Q
Copy number CIN vs. Structural CIN
A
Chromosomal instability. copy number varies naturally between individuals. Structural leads to cancer.
11
Q
Base substitution example
A
P53 in skin cancer
12
Q
Base deletion example
A
TGFb RII in colon cancer
13
Q
microsatellites
A
short tandem repeats; “junk DNA”
14
Q
homozygous microsatellite
A
both strands have same number of repeats
15
Q
heterozygous microsatellite
A
each strand has different number of repeats
