Mechanisms of Bone Loss

Question 1

what does the alveolar process form

Answer 1

forms socket of tooth

Question 2

what’re the functions of the alveolar process (3)

Answer 2

1. anchors roots of teeth to bone & sharpeys fibres
2. absorb and distribute occlusal fibres
3. provide blood supply to PDL

Question 3

what’re the 3 TNF’s (tumour necrosis factors)

Answer 3

1. RANKL
2. RANK
3. OPG

Question 4

what’re the group of cells used in bone turnover called

Answer 4

BMUs (basic multi-cellular units)

Question 5

what’re the hormones used in bone turnover

Answer 5

PTHs (parathyroid hormones)

Question 6

what’re the effects of PTHs in response to Ca2+ conc

Answer 6

• increased bone resorption
• increased Ca2+ in kidney & intestines

Question 7

what’re the factors that regulate bone RESORPTION on a cellular level (4)

Answer 7

• IL-1 & IL-6
• TNFs
• prosteogladins
• sex steroids

Question 8

what’re the factors that regulate bone FORMATION on a cellular level (3)

Answer 8

• PDGFs (platelet derived growth factors)
• heparin binding growth factors
• insulin-like growth factors

Question 9

What’s the role of TNFs (2)

Answer 9

Regulate inflammatory response
Regulate cell death