Mechanisms musculoskeletal and nerve trauma

Question 1

load

Answer 1

an external force acting on tissues that causes internal reactions within the tissues

Question 2

stiffness

Answer 2

is the relative ability of a tissue to resist a particular load. The greater the stiffness, the greater the magnitude of load it can withstand.

Question 3

stress

Answer 3

The internal resistance of the tissues to an external load

Question 4

strain

Answer 4

The extent of the deformation of tissue when it is loaded

Question 5

deformation

Answer 5

change in shape of a tissue

Question 6

elasticity

Answer 6

a property that allows a tissue to return to normal following deformation.

Question 7

yield point

Answer 7

When tissue is deformed to the extent that it no longer reacts elastically

Question 8

plastic

Answer 8

deformation of the tissues that exists after a load is removed

Question 9

creep

Answer 9

the deformation in the shape and/or properties of a tissue that occurs with the application of a constant load over time

Question 10

mechanical failure

Answer 10

a bluish-purple discoloration of the skin that persists for several dayselastic limits of tissue are exceeded, causing tissue to break

Question 11

ductile tissues

Answer 11

Ductile tissues can deform significantly before failing and consequently have a longer plastic area

Question 12

brittle tissue

Answer 12

can deform very little before failure

Question 13

myositis ossificans

Answer 13

ossification of muscles. Can be caused by calcium build up due to repetitive bruising in same area

Question 14

diastasis

Answer 14

seperation of two articulating bones

Question 15

What are the functions of bones?

Answer 15

body support, organ protection, movement, calcium storage, formation of blood cells

Question 16

How does bone diameter increase?

Answer 16

osteoblasts and osteoclasts

Question 17

What are the common causes of stress fractures?

Answer 17

Overtraining

Going back into competition too soon after an injury or illness

Going from one event to other without proper training in the second event

Starting initial training too quickly

Changing habits or the environment (e.g., running surfaces, the bank of a track, or shoes)