Environmental considerations

Question 1

hypothermia

Answer 1

abnormally low body temperature

Question 2

hyponatremia

Answer 2

low blood sodium caused by consuming too much fluid

Question 3

circadian dysrhythmia (jet lag)

Answer 3

disruption of the biological and biophysical time clock

Question 4

acclimatization

Answer 4

a process by which an individual adapts to gradual changes in evnironemntal conditions

Question 5

SPF

Answer 5

sun protection factor

Question 6

hyperthermia

Answer 6

elevated body temperature

Question 7

convective heat exchange

Answer 7

occurs through mass of air or water around body, temperature of medium effects body temperature

Question 8

radiant heat exchange

Answer 8

sunshine (+heat), metabolism exercise body attempts to dissapate heat (-heat)

Question 9

evaporative heat loss

Answer 9

sweating

Question 10

what are the symptoms of hypnatremia?

Answer 10

progressively worsening headache; nausea and vomiting; swelling of the hands and feet; lethargy, apathy, or agitation; and low blood sodium

Question 11

heat rash

Answer 11

Benign. Red, raised rash that prickles and tingles. Occurs due to continuous unevaporated sweat during exercise

Question 12

Malignant hyperthermia

Answer 12

Rare genetic condition. Causes muscle breakdown in hot environments. Symptoms: muscle pain after exercise, rectal temp. remains elevated for 10-15 minutes after exercise.

Question 13

acute exertional rhabdomyolysis

Answer 13

degeneration of muscle tissues, leakage of muscle protein into vascular system. Occurs in healthy individuals during intense exercise in hot environments. Symptoms: Muscle weakness, swelling, pain, dark urine

Question 14

mild hypothermia

Answer 14

symptoms: vigorous shivering, increased blood pressure, fine motor skill impairment, lethargy, apathy, and mild amnesia. In mild hypothermia, rectal temperature will be between 98.66°F and 95.6°F.
treatment: moving the individual to a warm dry environment, removing wet or damp clothing, and using blankets for rewarming. When rewarming, apply heat only to the trunk and other areas of heat transfer, including the axilla, chest wall, and groin.

Question 15

How much water needed a day with minimal activity?

Answer 15

2.5 Liter

Question 16

Heat syncope

Answer 16

Heat collapse. Blood pools in extremities (peripheral vasodilation)

Question 17

Heat cramps

Answer 17

Individuals in good shape that over exert themselves.

Excessive water loss, electrolyte imbalance

Question 18

Exertional heat exhaustion

Answer 18

Results in inadequate fluid replacement.

Profuse sweating, elevated temp, hypervent. Dizziness

Question 19

Exertional heatstroke

Answer 19

Sudden onset. Minimal sweating.

Question 20

Cooling athlete.

Answer 20

Strip clothes, sponge with cold water(do not immerse)

Transport to hospital

Question 21

Where is heat lost?

Answer 21

-65%through radiation (50 percent through head and neck)
—20 percent through evaporation
—2/3 through skin and 1/3 through respiration